Diaphora mendica

Muslin moth
	Female
	Male
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Superfamily:	Noctuoidea
Family:	Erebidae
Subfamily:	Arctiinae
Genus:	Diaphora
Species:	D. mendica
Binomial name
	Diaphora mendica; (Clerck, 1759)
Synonyms
	Cycnia mendica;

Diaphora mendica, the muslin moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in the Palearctic realm east to Lake Baikal.

Technical description and variation

The wingspan is 28–38 mm. There is clear sexual dimorphism in the imago, with the male having a brownish gray colour and a forewing length of 14–17 mm, and the female being white and having a forewing length of 17–19 mm. Male sooty brown-grey, usually with a black dot at the apex of the cell; sometimes without and in other cases with a few accessory dots. The female thinly scaled, milky white, with the abdomen of the same colour; wings very sparsely dotted, ab. rustica Hbn. are males with the ground colour milky white like that of the females. ab. binaghii Tur. are transitional specimens from the normal brown males of mendica to rustica. — Schultz names female specimens with only one black dot ab. depuncta. By pairing the white males of rustica with normal females of mendica (which is an interbreeding of races and not hybridisation, as is usually reported) peculiar sand-coloured males result, which are called standfussi. If the female of standfussi is recrossed with the male of rustica a white and much dotted moth results, the form inversa Car.. But we have true hybridisation if the male of rustica is crossed with another species of the genus, e.g., with Diaphora sordida Hbn.; from this cross-breeding a real hybrid is obtained, viz., f. hybr. viertli Car. This may again be paired with other forms, e.g., viertli with f. inversa Car., by which cross hilaris Car. is obtained, or with mendica, whence beata Car. results, etc.^[1]

The female resembles Spilosoma lubricipeda, but that species has longer and smaller wings and a yellow and black back.

Biology

The moth flies April to July depending on the location.

Egg light yellow. Larva grey-brown, greenish laterally, with reddish brown warts and foxy red hairs; on the back a median line, which is sometimes indistinct. Pupa stumpy, glossy red brown. The larvae feed on birch, willow, Rumex, Lamium and Plantago.

Caterpillar
Illustration from John Curtis's British Entomology Volume 5

References

^ Seitz, A. Ed. Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 2: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen Spinner und Schwärmer, 1912–1913

External links

Muslin moth on UKMoths
Fauna Europaea
Lepidoptera of Belgium Archived 2019-07-22 at the Wayback Machine
Savela, Markku. "Diaphora mendica (Clerck, 1759)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved August 7, 2019. Taxonomy
Lepiforum e.V.
De Vlinderstichting (in Dutch)

[1] Seitz, A. Ed. Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 2: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen Spinner und Schwärmer, 1912–1913

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