Chocolate ice cream: Difference between revisions

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| caption = Chocolate ice cream in a [[Ice cream cone|cone]]

'''Chocolate ice cream''' is a flavor of [[ice cream]]. It is the second most common flavor of ice cream in the [[United States of America|United States]], after [[Vanilla ice cream|vanilla]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.idfa.org/news--views/details/8351/ | title=Vanilla Remains Top Ice Cream Flavor with Americans | publisher=International Dairy Foods Association | date=23 July 2013 | accessdate=6 December 2013}}</ref> Ice cream can be eaten in a bowl, cup, or [[ice cream cone|cone]].

{{see also|History of ice cream|History of chocolate}}

The earliest frozen chocolate recipes were published in Naples, Italy in 1692 in [[Antonio Latini]]'s ''The Modern Steward''. Chocolate was one of the first ice cream flavours, created before [[Vanilla ice cream|vanilla]], as common drinks such as coffee and tea were the first food items to be turned into frozen desserts.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lohman|first=Sarah|title=Origin of a Dish: Chocolate Ice Cream|url=http://www.fourpoundsflour.com/origin-of-a-dish-chocolate-ice-cream/|work=Four Pounds Flour|accessdate=6 January 2014|author=|doi=|quote=Because of the precedent of frozen drinks, some of the earliest ice cream flavors were drinks, like coffee and tea. Which is why chocolate ice cream was invented long before vanilla.}}</ref> [[Hot chocolate]] had become a popular drink in seventeenth-century Europe, alongside coffee and tea, and all three beverages were used to make frozen and unfrozen desserts.{{sfn|Quinzio|2009|p=42}} Latini produced two recipes for ices based on the drink, both of which contained only chocolate and sugar.{{sfn|Quinzio|2009|p=14}} In 1775, Italian doctor [[Filippo Baldini]] wrote a treatise entitled ''De sorbetti'', in which he recommended chocolate ice cream as a remedy for various medical conditions, including [[gout]] and [[scurvy]].{{sfn|Quinzio|2009|p=50-51}}

Chocolate ice cream became popular in the United States in the late nineteenth century.{{sfn|Funderburg|1995|p=69}}

Chocolate ice cream is generally made by blending [[cocoa powder]] in along with the eggs, cream, vanilla and sugar used to make vanilla ice cream. Sometimes [[chocolate liquor]] is used in addition to cocoa powder, or exclusively, to create the chocolate flavor.{{sfn|Goff|Hartel|2013|p=100}} [[Cocoa powder]] gives chocolate ice cream its brown color; it is uncommon for additional colourings to be added.{{sfn|Clarke|2004|p=57}}{{sfn|Tharp|Young|2012|p=32}}

The [[Codex Alimentarius]], which provides an international set of standards for food, states that the flavor in chocolate ice cream must come from "nonfat cocoa solids", which must comprise at least 2-2.5% of the mix weight. The US [[Code of Federal Regulations]] "permits reductions in the content of milk fat and total milk solids by a factor of 2.5 times the weight of the cocoa solids", in order to take into account the use of additional sweeteners.{{sfn|Goff|Hartel|2013|p=101}}

The minimum fat content of chocolate ice cream in both Canada and the United States is 8%, irrespective of the amount of chocolate sweetener in the recipe.{{sfn|Goff|Hartel|2013|p=101}}

Chocolate ice cream is sold in many places, including [[restaurants]], [[cafés]], [[diners]], [[supermarket]]s, [[grocery store|grocery]] and [[Convenience store|convenience]] stores. [[Ice cream parlor]]s specialize in the sale of ice cream. Chocolate ice cream is one of the five most popular ice cream flavors in the United States and second only to vanilla.<ref>{{cite web|title=What's hot in ice cream|url=http://www.idfa.org/news--views/media-kits/ice-cream/whats-hot-in-ice-cream/|publisher=[[International Dairy Foods Association]]|accessdate=7 January 2014}}</ref>

==Other flavors==

Chocolate ice cream is used in the creation of other flavors, such as [[Rocky road (ice cream)|rocky road]]. Other flavors of ice cream contain [[chocolate chip]]s mixed in with the ice cream. For example, chocolate chocolate chip (or double chocolate chip) ice cream is made with chocolate ice cream, [[mint chocolate chip]] ice cream is made with [[mentha|mint]] ice cream, and (plain) chocolate chip ice cream is made with [[vanilla]] ice cream.

* [[Cookies and Cream]]

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===Bibliography===

*{{citation|last=Clarke|first=Chris|title=The Science of Ice Cream|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=bKZ1oICZWywC&pg=PA57|year=2004|publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry|isbn=978-0-85404-629-4}}

*{{citation|last=Funderburg|first=Anne Cooper|title=Chocolate, Strawberry, and Vanilla: A History of American Ice Cream|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=rLVa2zMvCiUC|year=1995|publisher=Popular Press|isbn=978-0-87972-692-8}}

*{{citation|last1=Goff|first1=H Douglas|last2=Hartel|first2=Richard W|title=Ice Cream|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=AWJDAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA100|year=2013|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4614-6096-1}}

*{{citation|last=Quinzio|first=Jeri|title=Of Sugar and Snow: A History of Ice Cream Making|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=9OEmdcwYhfEC|year=2009|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-94296-7}}

*{{citation|last1=Tharp|first1=Bruce W.|last2=Young|first2=L. Steven|title=Tharp & Young on Ice Cream: An Encyclopedic Guide to Ice Cream Science and Technology|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=x8eCOfqYCwgC&pg=PA32|year=2012|publisher=DEStech Publications, Inc|isbn=978-1-932078-68-8}}

===Further reading===

* The International Confectioner (1914). [http://books.google.com/books?id=IwRQAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA6-PA52 "Cocoa in Ice Cream"]. International Confectioner Incorporated. Volume 23. p.&nbsp;52.