O. H. Frazier

Oscar Howard Frazier Jr.
Born	1940 Stephenville, TX
Other names	Bud Frazier
Education	B.A. in History from the University of Texas at Austin in 1963; M.D. from Baylor College of Medicine in 1967
Known for	Performed more than 1,200 heart transplants, first U.S. human implantation of the HeartMate II pump, first human implantation of the Jarvik 2000, first successful human implantation of a continuous flow total artificial heart (TAH).
Medical career
Profession	Surgeon, specialty: Cardiovascular surgery, heart transplantation,mechanical assist device including total artificial heart.
Institutions	St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

O.H. "Bud" Frazier, M.D. is chief of Cardiopulmonary Transplantation, program director and chief of the Center for Cardiac Support, and director of Cardiovascular Surgery Research at the Texas Heart Institute. He is chief of the Transplant Service at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital.

Academic appointments

• Professor of Surgery at the University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston
• Clinical Professor of Surgery at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
• Tenured Professor at Baylor College of Medicine

Background

Frazier is a pioneer in the surgical treatment of severe heart failure, specifically in the fields of heart transplantation and mechanical circulatory support to be used either to substitute for or to assist the pumping action of the human heart. As a result of his work, Texas Heart Institute is one of the top transplantation and mechanical circulatory support programs in the world. Dr. Frazier has performed over 1,200 heart transplants and implanted 1000 left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), more than any other surgeon in the world.

Education

Frazier graduated from the University of Texas-Austin and received his medical degree at Baylor College of Medicine, where he received the DeBakey Award for Outstanding Surgical Student. Frazier served in the United States Army from 1968 to 1970 and distinguished himself as a flight surgeon in the U.S. Army 48th Assault Helicopter Company in Vietnam.

Specialty training and residency

After his military service, he completed his specialty training in general surgery under Dr. Michael E. DeBakey at Baylor Affiliated Hospitals and a residency in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery under Dr. Denton A. Cooley at the Texas Heart Institute.

Areas of clinical interest

Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVAD) Frazier's interest in mechanical circulatory support began in 1969, when, as/ a student at Baylor College of Medicine, he wrote a research paper about the experimental total artificial heart, which was first implanted in 1969 by Dr. Denton Cooley. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, Frazier continued experimental work toward development of the implantable HeartMate I left ventricular assist device (LVAD).

In 1986, he performed the first implant of one of these devices in a human; this device has become the most widely used implantable LVAD in the world. Frazier's seminal work in the field of left ventricular assist devices continued with experimental studies that resulted in the first intravascular, implantable continuous flow pump (Hemopump), which he first implanted in a human in April 1988. In 1991, one of Frazier's patients was the first to be discharged home with an implantable, non-tethered LVAD.

After more than 10 years of research, in 2000, he performed the first human implant of the Jarvik 2000 LVAD, also a continuous flow pump. In November 2003, he implanted the first HeartMate II LVAD in a patient; the HeartMate II is based on a similar principle to that of the Hemopump.

Total Artificial Heart (TAH) In 1985, during his tenure on the Advisory Board of NHLBI, Frazier recommended that research be initiated on a total artificial heart (TAH) that would be fully implantable and that would allow patients to be discharged and to live a normal lifestyle. The program was recommended for funding, and, subsequently, in the early 1990s, Frazier became involved in the animal experiments that led to the first implantation of the AbioCor total artificial heart (TAH) in 2001.

On March 10, 2011, Dr. Frazier and Dr. William Cohn removed the heart of a 55–year-old and replaced it with two customized HeartMate II LVADs, a research endeavor initiated at the Texas Heart Institute over the previous 5 years. The patient had developed a rare condition called cardiac amyloidosis, a disease in which the heart is infiltrated by an abnormal protein produced elsewhere in the body. Patients with this affliction are not candidates for heart transplantation due to the likelihood of recurrence in the transplanted heart. Following the procedure the patient awoke neurologically intact and able to communicate with family and caregivers and was even able to work on his computer in his hospital bed. Tragically, the disease process that had destroyed his heart continued to attack his liver and kidneys. After five weeks the patient expired following withdrawal of support. Frazier and Cohn had proven the feasibility of a completely implantable continuous-flow total artificial heart, a feat that garnered worldwide attention producing journal articles on the front of Popular Science and National Geographic. In 2012, in large part due to a generous $2.1 million research donation from well-known Houston businessman, Jim McInvale, Dr. Frazier and Dr. Cohn persuaded gifted engineer, Dr. Daniel Timms, and his team to relocate from Australia and Germany to the Texas Heart Institute in Houston to work on their BiVACOR total artificial heart device, one that could be the future of a successful total heart replacement in the not-too-distant future. As of 2014, these research efforts are ongoing. Dr. Frazier, Dr. Cohn, Dr. Timms and their team are excited about the future of research that continues at the Texas Heart Institute.

Successful implantation

In March 2011 Dr. Frazier and Dr. Cohn successfully transplanted their artificial heart device into a patient, Craig Lewis, 55. This patient thus became the first person to be alive without a heartbeat or a pulse. The device had previously been tested on many cows.

Awards and honors

For his military service Frazier received the Combat Flight Medal, the Vietnamese Navy Medal, and the Vietnamese Distinguished Service Medal.

Medical honors include the Living Legend Award from the World Society of Cardiothoracic Surgeons, Baylor College of Medicine Distinguished Alumnus Award, University of Texas Distinguished Alumnus Award, the Gift to Mankind Award from the American Organ Transplant Association, the Distinguished Surgeon Award from the Houston Surgical Society, Honored Physician Award from the American Heart Association Guild, the Ray C. Fish Award for Scientific Achievement from the Texas Heart Institute and, most recently, the Denton A. Cooley Cardiovascular Surgical Society International Recognition Award. In 2014, Dr. Frazier was presented with the Lifetime Achievement & Distinguished Faculty Award from the Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery at Baylor College of Medicine. Dr. Frazier's award presentation preceded keynote speaker, former Vice President Dick Cheney, whose life was saved by the technology Dr. Frazier helped develop.

Service

Frazier has served on the editorial boards of several medical journals, including Circulation, the journal of the American Heart Association, and The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation.

He has authored or co-authored more than 1000 scientific publications, presented over 800 lectures around the world, and written or edited books in the field of cardiovascular medicine, cardiopulmonary transplantation, and mechanical circulatory support.

He is a former chairman of the Federal Affairs Committee for the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs and has served on other prominent national committees, including the Education Committee of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons and the Advisory Board of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.

In 2001, he was elected president of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs.

External links

• Houston Chronicle article
• The Mysterious Human Heart
• Surgical Associates of Texas