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'''Eosinopenia''' is a condition where the number of [[Eosinophil|eosinophils]], a type of [[white blood cell]], in circulating [[blood]] is lower than normal.<ref name=":02">{{Citation |last=Carter |first=C. M. |title=12.11 - Alterations in Blood Components |date=2018-01-01 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128012383642514 |work=Comprehensive Toxicology (Third Edition) |pages=249–293 |editor-last=McQueen |editor-first=Charlene A. |place=Oxford |publisher=Elsevier |language=en |doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.64251-4 |isbn=978-0-08-100601-6 |pmc=PMC7152208 |access-date=2023-01-30}}</ref> Eosinophils are a type of [[granulocyte]] and consequently from the same cellular lineage as [[Neutrophil|neutrophils]], [[Basophil|basophils]], and [[Mast cell|mast cells]].<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Gil |first=H. |last2=Bouldoires |first2=B. |last3=Bailly |first3=B. |last4=Meaux Ruault |first4=N. |last5=Humbert |first5=S. |last6=Magy-Bertrand |first6=N. |date=March 2019 |title=L’éosinopénie en 2018 |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0248866318311810 |journal=La Revue de Médecine Interne |language=fr |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=173–177 |doi=10.1016/j.revmed.2018.11.008}}</ref> Along with the other granulocytes, eosinophils are part of the [[innate immune system]] and contribute to the defense of the body from [[Pathogen|pathogens]]. The most widely understood function of eosinophils is in association with [[allergy]] and [[parasitic disease]] processes, though their functions in other pathologies are the subject of ongoing research.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Rosenberg |first=Helene F. |last2=Foster |first2=Paul S. |date=June 2021 |title=Eosinophils and COVID-19: diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccination strategies |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00281-021-00850-3 |journal=Seminars in Immunopathology |language=en |volume=43 |issue=3 |pages=383–392 |doi=10.1007/s00281-021-00850-3 |issn=1863-2297 |pmc=PMC7962927 |pmid=33728484}}</ref> The opposite phenomenon, in which the number of eosinophils present in the blood is higher than normal, is known as [[eosinophilia]].
'''Eosinopenia''' is a condition where the number of [[Eosinophil|eosinophils]], a type of [[white blood cell]], in circulating [[blood]] is lower than normal.<ref name=":02">{{Citation |last=Carter |first=C. M. |title=12.11 - Alterations in Blood Components |date=2018-01-01 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128012383642514 |work=Comprehensive Toxicology (Third Edition) |pages=249–293 |editor-last=McQueen |editor-first=Charlene A. |place=Oxford |publisher=Elsevier |language=en |doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.64251-4 |isbn=978-0-08-100601-6 |pmc=PMC7152208 |access-date=2023-01-30}}</ref> Eosinophils are a type of [[granulocyte]] and consequently from the same cellular lineage as [[Neutrophil|neutrophils]], [[Basophil|basophils]], and [[Mast cell|mast cells]].<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Gil |first=H. |last2=Bouldoires |first2=B. |last3=Bailly |first3=B. |last4=Meaux Ruault |first4=N. |last5=Humbert |first5=S. |last6=Magy-Bertrand |first6=N. |date=March 2019 |title=L’éosinopénie en 2018 |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0248866318311810 |journal=La Revue de Médecine Interne |language=fr |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=173–177 |doi=10.1016/j.revmed.2018.11.008}}</ref> Along with the other granulocytes, eosinophils are part of the [[innate immune system]] and contribute to the defense of the body from [[Pathogen|pathogens]]. The most widely understood function of eosinophils is in association with [[allergy]] and [[parasitic disease]] processes, though their functions in other pathologies are the subject of ongoing research.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Rosenberg |first=Helene F. |last2=Foster |first2=Paul S. |date=June 2021 |title=Eosinophils and COVID-19: diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccination strategies |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00281-021-00850-3 |journal=Seminars in Immunopathology |language=en |volume=43 |issue=3 |pages=383–392 |doi=10.1007/s00281-021-00850-3 |issn=1863-2297 |pmc=PMC7962927 |pmid=33728484}}</ref> The opposite phenomenon, in which the number of eosinophils present in the blood is higher than normal, is known as [[eosinophilia]].

== Definition and diagnosis ==
The definition of eosinopenia varies in clinical practice, and normal eosinophil levels vary among the population.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Tashkin |first=Donald P. |last2=Wechsler |first2=Michael E. |date=2018-01-17 |title=Role of eosinophils in airway inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |url=https://www.dovepress.com/role-of-eosinophils-in-airway-inflammation-of-chronic-obstructive-pulm-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-COPD |journal=International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |language=English |volume=13 |pages=335–349 |doi=10.2147/COPD.S152291 |pmc=PMC5777380 |pmid=29403271}}</ref> One common definition is an absolute eosinophil count of less than 50 cells/μLiter of blood.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Al Duhailib |first=Zainab |last2=Farooqi |first2=Malik |last3=Piticaru |first3=Joshua |last4=Alhazzani |first4=Waleed |last5=Nair |first5=Parameswaran |date=May 2021 |title=The role of eosinophils in sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome: a scoping review |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12630-021-01920-8 |journal=Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie |language=en |volume=68 |issue=5 |pages=715–726 |doi=10.1007/s12630-021-01920-8 |issn=0832-610X |pmc=PMC7833890 |pmid=33495945}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Saini, MD |first=Sarbjit |date=30 Nov 2021 |title=Chronic spontaneous urticaria: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and natural history |url=https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-spontaneous-urticaria-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-pathogenesis-and-natural-history?search=eosinopenia&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~11&usage_type=default&display_rank=1 |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=UpToDate}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Shen |first=M.-H. |last2=Qiu |first2=G.-Q. |last3=Wu |first3=X.-M. |last4=Dong |first4=M.-J. |date=2021 |title=Utility of the DECAF score for predicting survival of patients with COPD: a meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies |url=https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202106_26045 |journal=European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences |volume=25 |issue=11 |pages=4037–4050 |doi=10.26355/eurrev_202106_26045 |issn=1128-3602}}</ref> Other definitions include less than 10 cells/μLiter, while some clinical laboratories classify 0 cells/μLiter as within the acceptable range.<ref name=":62">{{Cite journal |last=Rosenberg |first=Helene F. |last2=Foster |first2=Paul S. |date=June 2021 |title=Eosinophils and COVID-19: diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccination strategies |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00281-021-00850-3 |journal=Seminars in Immunopathology |language=en |volume=43 |issue=3 |pages=383–392 |doi=10.1007/s00281-021-00850-3 |issn=1863-2297 |pmc=PMC7962927 |pmid=33728484}}</ref> The diagnosis of eosinopenia is challenging due to the low number of eosinophils normally present in blood and the fluctuations in eosinophil levels throughout the day.<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":3" />


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 02:27, 12 February 2023

Eosinopenia
An eosinophil in peripheral blood
SpecialtyHematology Edit this on Wikidata

Eosinopenia is a condition where the number of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, in circulating blood is lower than normal.[1] Eosinophils are a type of granulocyte and consequently from the same cellular lineage as neutrophils, basophils, and mast cells.[1][2] Along with the other granulocytes, eosinophils are part of the innate immune system and contribute to the defense of the body from pathogens. The most widely understood function of eosinophils is in association with allergy and parasitic disease processes, though their functions in other pathologies are the subject of ongoing research.[3] The opposite phenomenon, in which the number of eosinophils present in the blood is higher than normal, is known as eosinophilia.

Definition and diagnosis

The definition of eosinopenia varies in clinical practice, and normal eosinophil levels vary among the population.[4] One common definition is an absolute eosinophil count of less than 50 cells/μLiter of blood.[5][6][7] Other definitions include less than 10 cells/μLiter, while some clinical laboratories classify 0 cells/μLiter as within the acceptable range.[8] The diagnosis of eosinopenia is challenging due to the low number of eosinophils normally present in blood and the fluctuations in eosinophil levels throughout the day.[1][4]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Carter, C. M. (2018-01-01), McQueen, Charlene A. (ed.), "12.11 - Alterations in Blood Components", Comprehensive Toxicology (Third Edition), Oxford: Elsevier, pp. 249–293, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.64251-4, ISBN 978-0-08-100601-6, PMC 7152208, retrieved 2023-01-30{{citation}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
  2. ^ Gil, H.; Bouldoires, B.; Bailly, B.; Meaux Ruault, N.; Humbert, S.; Magy-Bertrand, N. (March 2019). "L'éosinopénie en 2018". La Revue de Médecine Interne (in French). 40 (3): 173–177. doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2018.11.008.
  3. ^ Rosenberg, Helene F.; Foster, Paul S. (June 2021). "Eosinophils and COVID-19: diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccination strategies". Seminars in Immunopathology. 43 (3): 383–392. doi:10.1007/s00281-021-00850-3. ISSN 1863-2297. PMC 7962927. PMID 33728484.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
  4. ^ a b Tashkin, Donald P.; Wechsler, Michael E. (2018-01-17). "Role of eosinophils in airway inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 13: 335–349. doi:10.2147/COPD.S152291. PMC 5777380. PMID 29403271.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  5. ^ Al Duhailib, Zainab; Farooqi, Malik; Piticaru, Joshua; Alhazzani, Waleed; Nair, Parameswaran (May 2021). "The role of eosinophils in sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome: a scoping review". Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie. 68 (5): 715–726. doi:10.1007/s12630-021-01920-8. ISSN 0832-610X. PMC 7833890. PMID 33495945.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
  6. ^ Saini, MD, Sarbjit (30 Nov 2021). "Chronic spontaneous urticaria: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and natural history". UpToDate. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
  7. ^ Shen, M.-H.; Qiu, G.-Q.; Wu, X.-M.; Dong, M.-J. (2021). "Utility of the DECAF score for predicting survival of patients with COPD: a meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies". European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences. 25 (11): 4037–4050. doi:10.26355/eurrev_202106_26045. ISSN 1128-3602.
  8. ^ Rosenberg, Helene F.; Foster, Paul S. (June 2021). "Eosinophils and COVID-19: diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccination strategies". Seminars in Immunopathology. 43 (3): 383–392. doi:10.1007/s00281-021-00850-3. ISSN 1863-2297. PMC 7962927. PMID 33728484.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)

Further reading

External links


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