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[[File:Greyg a s.jpg|thumb|Aleksey Samuilovich Greig.]]
[[File:Greyg a s.jpg|thumb|Aleksey Samuilovich Greig.]]
'''Aleksey Samuilovich Greig''' (Russian: Алексей Самуилович Грейг) (6 September 1775 – 18 January 1845), born into the noble [[Greig (Russian nobility)|Greig]] family, was an [[admiral]] of the [[Imperial Russian Navy]]. He was the son of Admiral [[Samuel Greig]], brother-in-law of [[Mary Somerville]], and father of [[Samuil Greig]], Russian Minister of Finance.
'''Aleksey Samuilovich Greig''' (Russian: Алексей Самуилович Грейг) (6 September 1775 – 18 January 1845), born into the noble [[Greig (Russian nobility)|Greig]] family, was an [[admiral]] of the [[Imperial Russian Navy]]. Born in [[Kronstadt]], he was the son of Admiral [[Samuel Greig]] (1735-1788, then Governor of Kronstadt), brother-in-law of [[Mary Somerville]], and father of General [[Samuil Greig]] (1827-1887), Russian Minister of Finance.


He studied at the [[Royal High School, Edinburgh]] under the Rector [[Alexander Adam]] from 1783 to 1785, and then served as a volunteer on board {{HMS|Culloden|1783|6}}, under Captain [[Sir Thomas Troubridge, 1st Baronet|Thomas Troubridge]].
He studied at the [[Royal High School, Edinburgh]] under the Rector [[Alexander Adam]] from 1783 to 1785, and then served as a volunteer on board {{HMS|Culloden|1783|6}}, under Captain [[Sir Thomas Troubridge, 1st Baronet|Thomas Troubridge]].


Greig started his career in the British [[Royal Navy]], serving in [[East India]] and [[Europe]] from 1785 to 1796. He returned to [[Russian Empire|Russia]] to take part in the [[Mediterranean]] expeditions against [[French First Republic|France]] from 1798-1800. Under command of [[Dmitry Senyavin]], he distinguished himself in 1807 in the [[Battle of Athos]] and [[Battle of the Dardanelles (1807)|Battle of the Dardanelles]], which resulted in the Russian occupation of [[Lemnos]] and [[Tenedos]]. At the close of the [[Napoleonic Wars]], he was placed in command of the sea blockade of [[Danzig]], during the [[Siege of Danzig (1813)|siege of Danzig]].
Greig started his career in the British [[Royal Navy]], serving in [[East India]] and [[Europe]] from 1785 to 1796. He returned to [[Russian Empire |Russia]] to take part in the [[Mediterranean]] expeditions against [[French First Republic |France]] from 1798-1800. Under the command of Admiral [[Dmitry Senyavin]], he distinguished himself in 1807 in the [[Battle of Athos]] and the [[Battle of the Dardanelles (1807)| Battle of the Dardanelles]], which resulted in the Russian occupation of [[Lemnos]] and [[Tenedos]]. At the close of the [[Napoleonic Wars]] he was placed in command of the sea blockade of [[Danzig]] during the 1813 [[Siege of Danzig (1813)|siege of Danzig]].


Grieg was not the only Russian officer of Scottish descent. While still a captain, he and another Scotsman, Captain Brown, were involved in some trouble due to the wreck of the Imperial frigate ''Archangel'' in 1797. In the following year, in the squadron off the [[Texel]], he commanded the 64-gun ''Retvizan''; and Captain Robert Crown, said to be a Scot, had the 74-gun ''Utislaw''. (Edinburgh Herald)
Greig was not the only Russian officer of Scottish descent. While still a captain, he and another Scotsman, Captain Brown, were involved in some trouble due to the wreck of the Imperial frigate ''Archangel'' in 1797. In the following year, in the squadron off the [[Texel]], he commanded the 64-gun ''Retvizan''; and Captain Robert Crown, said to be a Scot, had the 74-gun ''Utislaw''.<ref>Edinburgh Herald.</ref>


In 1801 he was banished to Siberia for a time, in consequence of boldly remonstrating with the Emperor Paul for his severity to some British naval prisoners.
In 1801 Greig was banished to Siberia for a time, in consequence of boldly remonstrating with the Emperor [[Paul I of Russia | Paul]] for his severity to some British naval prisoners.{{cn}}


In 1816, Greig was appointed Commander of the [[Black Sea Fleet]], a post which he kept for 17 years. At the same time, he served as Military Governor of [[Sevastopol]] and [[Nikolayev (Ukraine)|Nikolayev]], introducing so many reforms and improvements that the grateful citizens of Nikolayev would later erect a statue to his memory in 1873.
In 1816 Greig became Commander of the [[Black Sea Fleet]], a post which he kept for 17 years. At the same time, he served as Military Governor of [[Sevastopol]] and [[Nikolayev (Ukraine)| Nikolayev]], introducing so many reforms and improvements that the grateful citizens of Nikolayev would later erect a statue to his memory in 1873.


During the [[Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829|Russo-Turkish War]] of 1828-29, his bold leadership made itself felt at the [[Siege of Varna|Sieges of Varna]] and [[Anapa]]. He was in full command of the Russian fleet, which he had brought from Sebastopol: forty vessels, eight being of the line acting in conjunction with the troops under [[Alexander Sergeyevich Menshikov|Prince Menshikov]] for three months by sea and land. During these operations the Emperor was his guest on board the ''Parizh'', which had the Diplomatic Chancery and 1,300 persons under her flag (Slade's Travels).
During the [[Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829| Russo-Turkish War]] of 1828-29, Greig's bold [[leadership]] made itself felt at the [[Siege of Varna| Sieges of Varna]] and [[Anapa]]. He was in full command of the Russian fleet, which he had brought from Sevastopol: forty vessels, eight being of the line, acting in conjunction with the troops under [[Alexander Sergeyevich Menshikov |Prince Menshikov]] for three months by sea and land. During these operations the Emperor [[Nicholas I of Russia]] was his guest on board the ''Parizh'',<ref>
{{cite book
| last1 = Daly
| first1 = John C.K.
| chapter = The Greek Revolt and Tsar Nicholas's First Turkish War
| title = Russian Seapower and 'The Eastern Question', 1827–41
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=aJivCwAAQBAJ
| series = Studies in Russia and East Europe
| location = Basingstoke
| publisher = Macmillan Academic and Professional Ltd
| publication-date = 1991
| page = 24
| isbn = 9781349096008
| access-date = 14 June 2019
| quote = On 8 September [1828] Tsar Nicholas arrived from Odessa. [...] He set up his headquarters on the ''Parizh''-110, and set about interfering in the siege [of Varna] with great relish.
}}
</ref>
which had the Diplomatic Chancery and 1,300 persons under her flag.<ref>
Slade's ''Travels''.
</ref>{{pn}}


In 1833 he was recalled to [[Saint Petersburg]], where the [[Nicholas I of Russia|Tsar, Nicholas I]], appointed him a member of the [[State Council of Imperial Russia]] and asked him to superintend the construction of the [[Pulkovo Observatory]].
In 1833 Greig was recalled to [[Saint Petersburg]], where the Emperor Nicholas appointed him a member of the [[State Council of Imperial Russia]] and asked him to superintend the construction of the [[Pulkovo Observatory]].


An [[atoll]] in [[French Polynesia]] [[Niau]] is named '''Greig''' after Aleksey Greig. It was named in his honor by Russian [[Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen|Admiral Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen]], in 1820.
An [[atoll]] in [[French Polynesia]] [[Niau]] is named '''Greig''' after Aleksey Greig. It was named in his honor by the Russian [[Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen |Admiral Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen]] in 1820.

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 05:11, 14 June 2019

Aleksey Samuilovich Greig.

Aleksey Samuilovich Greig (Russian: Алексей Самуилович Грейг) (6 September 1775 – 18 January 1845), born into the noble Greig family, was an admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy. Born in Kronstadt, he was the son of Admiral Samuel Greig (1735-1788, then Governor of Kronstadt), brother-in-law of Mary Somerville, and father of General Samuil Greig (1827-1887), Russian Minister of Finance.

He studied at the Royal High School, Edinburgh under the Rector Alexander Adam from 1783 to 1785, and then served as a volunteer on board HMS Culloden, under Captain Thomas Troubridge.

Greig started his career in the British Royal Navy, serving in East India and Europe from 1785 to 1796. He returned to Russia to take part in the Mediterranean expeditions against France from 1798-1800. Under the command of Admiral Dmitry Senyavin, he distinguished himself in 1807 in the Battle of Athos and the Battle of the Dardanelles, which resulted in the Russian occupation of Lemnos and Tenedos. At the close of the Napoleonic Wars he was placed in command of the sea blockade of Danzig during the 1813 siege of Danzig.

Greig was not the only Russian officer of Scottish descent. While still a captain, he and another Scotsman, Captain Brown, were involved in some trouble due to the wreck of the Imperial frigate Archangel in 1797. In the following year, in the squadron off the Texel, he commanded the 64-gun Retvizan; and Captain Robert Crown, said to be a Scot, had the 74-gun Utislaw.[1]

In 1801 Greig was banished to Siberia for a time, in consequence of boldly remonstrating with the Emperor Paul for his severity to some British naval prisoners.[citation needed]

In 1816 Greig became Commander of the Black Sea Fleet, a post which he kept for 17 years. At the same time, he served as Military Governor of Sevastopol and Nikolayev, introducing so many reforms and improvements that the grateful citizens of Nikolayev would later erect a statue to his memory in 1873.

During the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-29, Greig's bold leadership made itself felt at the Sieges of Varna and Anapa. He was in full command of the Russian fleet, which he had brought from Sevastopol: forty vessels, eight being of the line, acting in conjunction with the troops under Prince Menshikov for three months by sea and land. During these operations the Emperor Nicholas I of Russia was his guest on board the Parizh,[2] which had the Diplomatic Chancery and 1,300 persons under her flag.[3][page needed]

In 1833 Greig was recalled to Saint Petersburg, where the Emperor Nicholas appointed him a member of the State Council of Imperial Russia and asked him to superintend the construction of the Pulkovo Observatory.

An atoll in French Polynesia Niau is named Greig after Aleksey Greig. It was named in his honor by the Russian Admiral Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen in 1820.

Notes

  1. ^ Edinburgh Herald.
  2. ^ Daly, John C.K. (1991). "The Greek Revolt and Tsar Nicholas's First Turkish War". Russian Seapower and 'The Eastern Question', 1827–41. Studies in Russia and East Europe. Basingstoke: Macmillan Academic and Professional Ltd. p. 24. ISBN 9781349096008. Retrieved 14 June 2019. On 8 September [1828] Tsar Nicholas arrived from Odessa. [...] He set up his headquarters on the Parizh-110, and set about interfering in the siege [of Varna] with great relish.
  3. ^ Slade's Travels.

References

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