Burmese units of measurement
Burmese units or the Burmese system is a collection of units of measurement used in Burma. Burma is one of three countries that still predominantly uses a non-metric system of measure (beside the US and Liberia).[1] However, in June 2011, the Burmese government's Ministry of Commerce began discussing proposals to reform the measurement system in Burma and adopt the metric system used by most of its trading partners.[2]
Most Burmese units are used solely in the nation but Burmese government web pages in English use imperial and metric units. For instance, the Ministry of Agriculture uses acres for land areas.[3] The Ministry of Construction uses miles to describe the length of roads,[4] and square feet for the size of housing constructed[5] but square kilometres for the total land area of new town developments in Yangon City.[6] Also, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs uses kilometres (with mile equivalents in parentheses) to describe the dimensions of the country.[7]
Contents |
[edit] Length
| Unit | Metric | Imperial/US | Ratio to previous |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burmese | Romanized | millimetres | metres | inches | feet | yards | miles | |
| ဆံခြည် | sanchi | 0.079375 | 0.000079375 | 0.003125 | 0.00026 | |||
| နှမ်း | hnan | 0.79375 | 0.00079375 | 0.03125 | 0.002604 | 10 | ||
| မုယော | mayaw | 4.7625 | 0.0047625 | 0.1875 | 0.015625 | 6 | ||
| လက်သစ် | let thit | 19.05 | 0.01905 | 0.75 | 0.0625 | 4 | ||
| မိုက် | maik | 152.4 | 0.1524 | 6 | 0.5 | 8 | ||
| ထွာ | htwa | 228.6 | 0.2286 | 9 | 0.75 | 1.5 | ||
| တောင် | taung | 457.2 | 0.4572 | 18 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 2 | |
| လံ | lan | 1828.8 | 1.8288 | 72 | 6 | 2 | 4 | |
| တာ | ta | 3200.4 | 3.2004 | 126 | 10.5 | 3.5 | 1.75 | |
| ဥသဘ | out-thaba (from Pali usaba) |
64008.0 | 64.008 | 2520 | 210 | 70 | 20 | |
| ကောသ | kawtha (from Pali kosa) |
1280160.0 | 1280.16 | 50400 | 4200 | 1400 | 0.7954 | 20 |
| ဂါဝုတ် | ga-wout (from Pali gavuta) |
5120640.0 | 5120.64 | 201600 | 16800 | 5600 | 3.1818 | 4 |
| ယူဇနာ | yuzana (from Pali yojana) |
20482560.0 | 20482.56 | 806400 | 67200 | 22400 | 12.7272 | 4 |
[edit] Mass
| Unit | Metric | Imperial/US | Ratio to previous |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burmese | Romanized | grams | kilograms | grains | ounces | pounds | |
| ရွေးလေး | yway lay | 0.136077706 | 0.000136078 | 2.100317 | |||
| ရွေးကြီး | yway gyi | 0.272155412 | 0.000272155 | 4.200635 | 2 | ||
| ပဲသား | petha | 1.020582833 | 0.001020583 | 15.75238 | 3.75 | ||
| မူးသား | mutha | 2.041165665 | 0.002041166 | 31.50476 | 2 | ||
| မတ်သား | mattha | 4.08233133 | 0.004082331 | 63.009539 | 2 | ||
| ငါးမူးသား | nga mutha | 8.16466266 | 0.008164662 | 126.019078 | 0.291710 | 2 | |
| ကျပ်သား | kyattha Traditionally known as a tical in English. |
16.32932532 | 0.016329325 | 252.038156 | 0.583421 | 2 | |
| အဝက်သား | awettha | 204.1165665 | 0.204116567 | 3150.476955 | 7.292770 | 0.455798 | 12.5 |
| အစိတ်သား | aseittha | 408.233133 | 0.408233133 | 6300.953910 | 14.585541 | 0.911596 | 2 |
| ငါးဆယ်သား | ngase tha | 816.466266 | 0.816466266 | 12601.907820 | 29.171082 | 1.823192 | 2 |
| ပိဿာ | peittha Traditionally known as a viss in English. |
1632.932532 | 1.632932532 | 25203.815641 | 58.342165 | 3.646385 | 2 |
| အချိန်တစ်ရာ | achein taya | 16329.32532 | 16.32932532 | 252038.15641 | 583.42165 | 36.46385 | 10 |
[edit] Volume
| Unit | Metric | Imperial | Ratio to previous |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burmese | Romanized | millilitres | litres | fluid ounces | pints | gallons | |
| လမြူ | la myu | 7.9909507 | 0.007990951 | 0.28124 | |||
| လမျက် | la myet | 15.9819014 | 0.015981901 | 0.56248 | 2 | ||
| လမယ် | la me | 31.9638029 | 0.031963803 | 1.12496 | 2 | ||
| စလယ် | sa le | 63.9276059 | 0.063927606 | 2.24993 | 0.11249 | 2 | |
| ခွက် | hkwet | 127.855211 | 0.127855212 | 4.49987 | 0.22499 | 2 | |
| ပြည် | pyi | 255.71042 | 0.255710424 | 8.99974 | 0.44998 | 2 | |
| စိတ် | seit | 1022.84169 | 1.02284169 | 35.99899 | 1.79994 | 4 | |
| ခွဲ | hkwe | 2045.68339 | 2.04568339 | 71.99798 | 3.599899 | 0.44998 | 2 |
| တင်း | tin | 40913.6679 | 40.9136679 | 1439.95980 | 71.99799 | 8.99974 | 20 |
[edit] Money
| Unit | Equivalent to | |
|---|---|---|
| Romanized | Burmese | |
| 1 pya | ပြား | |
| 1 mat | မတ် | 25 pya |
| 5 mu | ငါးမူး | 2 mat |
| 1 kyat | ကျပ် | 10 mu |
[edit] References
- ^ "The World Factbook, Appendix G: Weights and Measures". Web Pages. Central Intelligence Agency. 2010. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/print_appendix-g.html. Retrieved 10 May 2010.
- ^ Ko Ko Gyi (July 18 - 24, 2011). "Ditch the viss, govt urges traders". http://www.mmtimes.com/2011/business/584/biz58401.html. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
- ^ "Ministry of Agriculture and Information". Web Page. Myanmar Agriculture. 2009-2010. http://www.moai.gov.mm/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=16&Itemid=2. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
- ^ "Public Works, Fields Of Activities". Web Page. Ministry Of Construction. 2006. http://www.construction.gov.mm/PW/Activities.htm. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
- ^ "Housing Development". web page. Ministry Of Construction. 2006. http://www.construction.gov.mm/DHSH/HousingD.htm. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
- ^ "Housing Development". web page. Ministry Of Construction. 2006. http://www.construction.gov.mm/DHSH/HousingD.htm. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
- ^ "About Myanmar : Geography". web page. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Myanmar. 2009. http://www.mofa.gov.mm/aboutmyanmar/geography.html. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
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