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China–Netherlands relations

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China–Netherlands relations
Map indicating locations of China and Netherlands

China
Netherlands

China–Netherlands relations officially began in November 1954.[1] In May 1972, diplomatic mission was increased to ambassadorial level.[1]

History

Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte with Chinese leader Xi Jinping in December 2013

China-Dutch relations began prior to the founding of the People's Republic of China in the 17th and 18th century when Dutch traders of the Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC) setup trading post in Canton and also in the western coast of Taiwan.[2]

PRC–Netherlands began in 1954.[3] In the 1980s Taiwan ordered two submarines from a Dutch shipyard which were delivered despite tremendous Chinese pressure.[4] China accused the Netherlands of colluding with American President Ronald Reagan and downgraded relations with the Netherlands and threatened to do the same to the US.[5] In 1984 the Netherlands agreed not to export additional military goods in order to restore relations.[6]

Netherlands export to China includes petrochemicals, machinery, transport equipment, food, high technology and fossil fuels.[7] China's export to the Netherlands includes computer and consumer electronics, toys and clothes.[7][8][9]

In March 2014, Chinese leader and CCP general secretary Xi Jinping made the first state visit of China to the Netherlands in history.[10]

Bilateral relations

Embassy of the Netherlands in China

Bilateral trade between the two countries have increased over the years. The Netherlands are China's third largest trade partner in the EU. The trade volume jumped last year has increased by 44.3 percent.[11] This is 4.6 billion euro in 2009.[7] China exported $36.7 billion to the Netherlands in 2009.[12]

Dutch enterprises have invested US$7.48 billion into 824 projects in China.[11]

In July 2019, the UN ambassadors from 22 nations, including Netherlands, signed a joint letter to the UNHRC condemning China's mistreatment of the Uyghurs as well as its mistreatment of other minority groups, urging the Chinese government to close the Xinjiang re-education camps.[13][14]

In February 2021, the Dutch House of Representatives voted to recognize the Chinese government's treatment of its Uyghur Muslim minority as genocide, becoming the first country in the European Union to do so.[15]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "China and the Netherlands". Retrieved 18 May 2016.
  2. ^ Author Yong Liu, (2007), The Dutch East India Company's tea trade with China, 1757–1781, Volume 6 of TANAP monographs on the history of the Asian-European interaction, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-15599-6, ISBN 978-90-04-15599-2, 277 pages, 17–89, 91–117
  3. ^ "China Relations with Europe". Retrieved 18 May 2016.
  4. ^ "DUTCH SUB ON WAY TO TAIWAN". www.joc.com. JOC. Associated Press. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  5. ^ Sterba, James P. (19 January 1981). "CHINA ATTACKS U.S. ON DUTCH-TAIWAN DEAL". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  6. ^ SAITO, MARI; LEE, YIMOU; PARK, JU-MIN; KELLY, TIM; MACASKILL, ANDREW; WU, SARAH; LAGUE, DAVID. "Silent partners". www.reuters.com. Reuters. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
  7. ^ a b c "More goods exported to China, imports from China down". Retrieved 18 May 2016.
  8. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 2 July 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. ^ "Imports from China rising more slowly". Retrieved 18 May 2016.
  10. ^ "Historisch bezoek Xi aan Nederland". NOS (in Dutch). 22 March 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
  11. ^ a b 1 Jul 2009, Background Information about the People's Republic of China Archived 18 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ "US-China Trade Statistics and China's World Trade Statistics". Archived from the original on 18 January 2013. Retrieved 2013-01-12.
  13. ^ "Which Countries Are For or Against China's Xinjiang Policies?". The Diplomat. 15 July 2019.
  14. ^ "More than 20 ambassadors condemn China's treatment of Uighurs in Xinjiang". The Guardian. 11 July 2019.
  15. ^ "Dutch parliament: China's treatment of Uighurs is genocide". Reuters. 25 February 2021.
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