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Grantown-on-Spey

Coordinates: 57°19′45″N 3°36′32″W / 57.329293°N 3.608772°W / 57.329293; -3.608772
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Grantown-on-Spey
A winter scene in Grantown-on-Spey
Grantown-on-Spey is located in Highland
Grantown-on-Spey
Grantown-on-Spey
Location within the Highland council area
Area1.30 km2 (0.50 sq mi) [1]
Population2,510 (2022)[2]
• Density1,931/km2 (5,000/sq mi)
LanguageEnglish
OS grid referenceNJ031276
• Edinburgh96 mi (154 km)
• London426 mi (686 km)
Community council
  • Grantown-on-Spey[3]
Council area
Lieutenancy area
CountryScotland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townGrantown-On-Spey
Postcode districtPH26
Dialling code01479
PoliceScotland
FireScottish
AmbulanceScottish
UK Parliament
Scottish Parliament
Websitehttp://www.grantownonline.com
List of places
UK
Scotland
57°19′45″N 3°36′32″W / 57.329293°N 3.608772°W / 57.329293; -3.608772

Grantown-on-Spey (Template:Lang-gd) is a town in the Highland Council Area, historically within the county of Moray. It is located on a low plateau at Freuchie beside the river Spey at the northern edge of the Cairngorm mountains, about 20 miles (32 km) south-east of Inverness (35 miles or 56 km by road).

The town was founded in 1765 as a planned settlement and was originally called simply Grantown after Sir James Grant.[4] The addition 'on Spey' was added by the burgh council in 1898. The town has several listed 18th and 19th century buildings, including several large hotels and serves as a regional centre for tourism and services in the Strathspey region.

The town is twinned with Notre-Dame-de-Monts in the Vendée, Pays de la Loire, France.

History

Grantown-on-Spey war memorial (erected 1921).

The burgh was founded in 1765 during the early stages of the Industrial Revolution to encourage both agricultural marketing and handicrafts, as well as to increase local land values and to reduce unemployment and emigration.[5][6] This was part of a wider effort at social and economic improvements brought about by some progressive landlords following the decades of peace after the Jacobite rising of 1745.[5] Under the direction and funds of the landowner Sir James Grant, the site chosen for the town was to be a mile from Castle Grant and designed with space for a marketplace (known as the Square), with the High Street leading southwestwards, with large plots for sale at 200 yards length at right angles to the road.[5][6] Old Grantown, an earlier small village near the castle was demolished and Kylintra Burn, a local stream was diverted to become the local water source.[6] The new town was advertised in newspapers and elsewhere as a site close to farms, forests and quarries, with persons and businesses invited to apply for feus and leases.[5]

The official opening ceremony for the new town occurred on 12 June 1766, with a procession and celebration party.[6] By 1768, the town was considered established and the first buildings had been constructed.[5] By 1787, it was reported that over 300 inhabitants lived in Grantown.[6] To assist manufacturing, Grant paid for the construction of several small factories, linen manufacturing houses and a bleachfield.[6] During this period, new side roads, bridges, a town-house and jail were also constructed.[6]

By 1800, the town had grown enough to satisfy the demand for a new church and in 1803, Inverallan Church was built (originally named Grantown Church), itself replacing an older Inverallan Church (said to have dated to medieval times).[5][7] The church was rebuilt in the 1880s. By 1841, Grantown had a population of 1,000.[8] By the 1860s, linen manufacture had declined and Grantown was primarily functioning as a market town for the surrounding agricultural district and then during the late Victorian era tourism began to develop.[6] Queen Victoria and Prince Albert stayed for a night at the Grant Arms on 4 September 1860.[6][9] In 1863, it was reported that Grantown had 21 merchants, two banks, three inns (the Grant Arms, Black Bull and New Inn) and several shops, along with the newly opened Strathspey Railway.[6] In 1898, Grantown was granted Burgh Status and 'on Spey' was added to the name of the town by the Burgh council.[8]

In 1900, the High Street consisted of numerous commercial shops, including a ironmongers, stationer, newsagent, photographer, art studio and several clothes shops selling tartan, tweeds and knitwear.[10] By 1902, tourism had grown significantly to the town and region, accounting for much of its subsequent development and growth in the 20th century.[6]

The town war memorial to the First World War was erected in 1921 in the form of a granite column, designed by Alexander Marshall Mackenzie, with casualties from the Second World War added in 1945.[11][12] By 1965, the town had a population of just under 1,600 persons and could also accommodate 800 visitors in tourist accommodations.[6]

In 2015, the town celebrated its 250th anniversary with celebrations and a picnic involving foods eaten in the 18th century.[13] In 2016, a charity fundraising event was held to honour the linen manufacturing history of the town.[13]

Economy

The primary industries in the area are agriculture, tourist related services and forestry. Further afield, there are several whisky distilleries, including a new distillery named the Cairn by Gordon & MacPhail under construction on the south west edge of the town at Craggan.[14][15] Millers of Speyside is a large abattoir on the edge of the town.[16][17] Grantown has a large smokehouse currently operated by the Meatsnacks Group (prior to 2016 it was operated by Young's Seafood).[18] The Cairngorms National Park Authority main office is located in the town.[19]

Accommodation

In Grantown on Spey there are various hotels, B&B's and self-catering accommodation. There is a large caravan park at Grantown-on-Spey managed by the Caravan and Motorhome Club.[20]

Landmarks

Museum and Notable Buildings.

The Square, including the former Speyside Orphanage building and clocktower (1824).

Grantown Museum is located in Burnfield Avenue near one of the town's car parks. In 1861, the Grantown Female School (Burnfield House) was built with funds from Captain John Grant, a factor of Strathspey.[21] The school closed in 1890 when its pupils transferred to Grantown Grammar School and Burnfield House is now the home of the Grantown Museum.[21] Adjacent to the museum is a Bell tower that holds the old town bell.[22]

The Speyside Orphanage (also known as the Speyside Charity/Free School) was established in 1795, with funds from Lady Grant of Monymusk.[23][24] It was originally built by local builder John Russell but was damaged by fire and rebuilt in 1824, it closed in 1975.[23][25] The building was converted to a heritage centre and then later to private flats in 1986.[26] The building is Category A listed and has a small clock tower, with an electric public turret clock from 1975 (the earlier clock is in the town museum).[25][24]

The High Street and Square contain several notable examples of scottish baronial architecture and Georgian and Victorian era buildings.[27] At the corner of 1 High Street and 1 The Square is a Category B listed former bank built by Matthews and Laurie.[28][29] The building was purpose built in 1867 and originally housed the Caledonian Bank, later the Bank of Scotland and last remaining bank in Grantown, before finally closing in March 2021.[30] Numbers 3 and 5 High Street is a turreted building that formerly contained the Town Post Office and the premises of A.C. Grant, formerly supplier of Tweeds to HM King George V.[27][31] At 57 High Street is the Ben Mhor hotel, dating to the 1880s that was formerly the Temperance Hotel.[10] The Strathspey Hotel (also called the Dunbar's Hotel) is an early 19th century Category B listed former hotel building at 70/72 High Street that is now converted into homes.[27][32][33] Hastilow's Palace Hotel was a large former hotel with multiple dormer windows (built in 1894 on the site of the previous Black Bull Inn) on the High Street and is now a care home.[27][10] The Grant Arms Hotel is a listed hotel on the Square which in its current form was primarily built in 1875, with substantial additions in the 1880s.[34][35] The earlier hotel building was built in 1765 and on 4th September 1860 hosted Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.[35][9] The Garth Hotel on the Square dates back to 1769 when it was built for James Grant, clerk and factor to Sir James Grant as a private residence and was later converted to a hotel.[36] Craiglynne Hotel is a late 19th century hotel on the western edge of the town on Woodlands Terrace.[37]

The Royal British Legion building on the Square is an Art Deco building that was formerly a cinema from the 1920s to the early 1960s, before becoming a hall for the legion.[38][39]

Community Facilities

Ian Charles Community Hospital is an NHS Scotland community hospital providing healthcare services in Grantown-on-Spey.[40]

Anagach Woods is located on the eastern edge of the town and has numerous waymarked trails.[41][42] It is home to a Capercaillie population.[42]

Churches

Inverallan Parish Church (built 1886)

There are a number of churches in the town (none of which has a burial ground).

Inverallan Parish Church (Church of Scotland) is located on Mossie Road.[43] The current Inverallan church was rebuilt on the site of several earlier churches to a design by the architect Alexander Smith Cullen in 1886.[44][45][7] The rebuilding was funded by Caroline Stuart, Countess of Seafield as a memorial to the death of her husband and son.[44] The church is in Victorian Gothic in style and set out in a cruciform shape.[44] The church incorporates details from the previous churches on the site, including carvings and woodwork from the 17th century.[44]

The Baptist church is at the junction of High Street and Chapel Road. A church in the High Street (opposite Dunstaffnage Brae) is shared by two congregations:

  • Scottish Episcopalian (St Columba)
  • Roman Catholic (St Anne), who advertise the location as Woodlands Crescent (postcode PH26 3EN).

Cemeteries

There are two local cemeteries, both of which are maintained by the Highland Council:

  • Inverallan, the original burial ground which is now only available for use by holders of existing vacant lairs. Most older inscriptions have been transcribed and published in book form; memorials with no events after 1855 are mostly unrecorded in published form. It is between the River Spey and Inverallan House at O.S. grid reference NJ 026 260 and is beside the car park at the end of a road leading from the B9102 road. Apart from the baptism font beside the entrance gate the original Inverallan parish church no longer remains. Official records for this burial ground were not started until the 1900s when the gravedigger retired and it was realised that he was then the only source of information regarding burials not indicated on the memorials; the current burial register was founded upon the information supplied by him thus only burials recorded since that time have details supplied contemporaneously by relatives or undertakers.[citation needed]
  • Grantown (also known as the New Cemetery) which has been in use since the early 20th century. It is located between the B9102 and the A95 roads south of Grantown at O.S. grid reference NJ 027 267. The main entrance and car parking is on the B9102 with an alternative access to the lower end from the A95 Grantown bypass.[citation needed]

Transport

Road

The Old Spey Bridge (dating from 1754) is closed to motor traffic and used by pedestrians and cyclists.

The town was built on an accessible site along the existing military road from Boat of Garten to Inverness and Fort George (built between 1728 and 1730).[6] These are now respectively, the A95 road, the B9102 (the High Street and Square), and the A939 road to the north.

The Old Spey Bridge lies on the south-eastern edge of Grantown at Speybridge.[46][47] The bridge dates from 1754 and was built as part of the military road from Grantown eastwards to Corgaff by the 33rd Regiment of Foot under Lord Charles Hay.[46][47] The bridge has three arches and was damaged by large floods in 1829 leading to the smallest arch being rebuilt.[46][47] By 1931, the old bridge was considered insufficient and a modern concrete bridge replace it upstream to the west (the current A95 crossing).[46] The new bridge was built by engineers Blyth & Blyth and consists of single segmental concrete arch of 240 ft.[48] The old bridge is now used by pedestrians and cyclists.[46][48]

Rail

There are currently no rail services to Grantown. The closest main line stations are Aviemore and Carrbridge from which trains travel north and south between Inverness and the Central Belt on the Highland Main Line. There is also a station at Forres from which trains run between Inverness and Aberdeen.

Prior to the 1960s, Grantown-on-Spey was connected by rail.[8] The completion of the Inverness and Perth Junction Railway occurred in 1863 and increased the number of tourists and visitors to town.[8] There were two stations, Grantown-on-Spey East and Grantown-on-Spey West. Grantown west station was rebuilt in 1887 to improve facilities for passengers. By October 1965, both stations closed to passengers and in 1968, freight services ended.[49] The Strathspey Railway is a heritage railway which currently runs between Aviemore and Broomhill (nr Nethy Bridge) via Boat of Garten. The railway has been progressively reopening the line and work is ongoing to extend the railway again to Grantown. This included the placement of a new bridge over the River Dulnain.[50][51]

Bus

There are several local bus services mainly concentrating on the route to Aviemore but also serving surrounding places. Some services operate only on schooldays. There are a few buses that go to the Cairngorm Mountain Railway (a lot more in the winter to get skiers up to the mountain).

Various long distance bus services are available in Aviemore, Elgin and Keith. Current information for bus services of most of the operators is consolidated within the websites of the Moray Council and the Stagecoach group.

Education

Grantown Primary School on Grant Road.

The first school in Grantown was planned from 1765 (on a middle lot to the south side of the Square), with two classrooms but was not built until 1767 owing to insufficient children of school age in the town.[52] The school was extended in 1879 and continued to expand, with the senior years eventually becoming the current Grantown Grammar School, which in 1975 moved to a new large campus building at its present location.[53] It provides education in the town for children and young people between the ages of 11 and 18 years.[54] Grantown Primary School remains on the site of the earlier school in a newer building constructed following the 1872 Education Act, providing education to primary school age children in the town.[55][56] [57] The Speyside Charity/Free School and the Grantown Female School are former schools of the town; their extant buildings have been repurposed.[24][21]

Sport

Grantown-on-Spey golf course was formed in 1890 with nine holes arranged on a part and woodland site by golfer A.C. Brown.[58] In 1911, it was extended to 18 holes to a design by Open champion Willie Park Jr. and later altered by James Braid US Open Champion.[58] One prominent club member was Bobby Cruickshank, who won more than 20 tournaments in the US.[58] The pavilion was built in the 1890s and refurnished in 1999.[58]

The Craig MacLean Leisure Centre is a public leisure centre in the town, with a swimming pool and gym.[59][60]

Notable people

References

  1. ^ "Grantown-on-Spey (Highland, Scotland, United Kingdom) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 4 April 2019.
  2. ^ "Mid-2020 Population Estimates for Settlements and Localities in Scotland". National Records of Scotland. 31 March 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  3. ^ "Grantown and Vicinity Community Council, Grantown-on-Spey". Grantownonline.com. 17 January 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
  4. ^ Mills, A.D. (2011). A Dictionary of British Place Names. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199609086.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Geddes, Arthur (1945). "The foundation of Grantown-On-Spey". Scottish Geographical Magazine. 61 (1): 19–22. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Woolmer, Heather (1970). "Grantown-on-Spey: an eighteenth-century New Town". The Town Planning Review. 41 (3): 237–249. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  7. ^ a b "Inverallan Church history". Strathspey Kirks. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  8. ^ a b c d Glen, Ann (2009). Old Grantown to Aviemore - Upper Strathspey. Catrine: Stenlake Publishing. p. 4. ISBN 9781840334593.
  9. ^ a b "Grant Arms Hotel, Grantown on Spey". Ambailie Highland History and Culture. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  10. ^ a b c Glen, Ann (2009). Old Grantown to Aviemore - Upper Strathspey. Catrine: Stenlake Publishing. p. 1. ISBN 9781840334593.
  11. ^ Glen, Ann (2009). Old Grantown to Aviemore - Upper Strathspey. Catrine: Stenlake Publishing. p. 7. ISBN 9781840334593.
  12. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "THE SQUARE, WAR MEMORIAL (Category B Listed Building) (LB34063)". Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  13. ^ a b "Grantown on Spey to mark its linen-making roots". BBC News. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
  14. ^ "New Cairngorms whisky distillery set to offer 'world class' visitor experience". The Press and Journal. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  15. ^ "£20m Speyside distillery project puts local firms first". Strathspey & Badenoch Herald. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  16. ^ "Millers of Speyside closes following Covid-19 outbreak locally". The Scottish Farmer. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  17. ^ "MCovid in Scotland: Highlands abattoir reopens after shutdown". BBC News. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  18. ^ "Beef jerky firm takes over Grantown on Spey smokehouse". BBC News. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
  19. ^ "How to find us". Cairngorms National Park. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  20. ^ "Grantown-on-Spey Caravan Park". Caravan Club. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  21. ^ a b c "History of Burnfield House". Grantown Museum. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  22. ^ "Grantown Museum". Art Fund. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  23. ^ a b Beaton, Elizabeth (1945). "The Speyside Charity School, Grantown-on-Spey, 1795-1975". Review of Scottish Culture. 11. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  24. ^ a b c Historic Environment Scotland. "THE SQUARE SPEYSIDE HOME (FORMER ORPHANAGE) (Category A Listed Building) (LB34073)". Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  25. ^ a b Historic Environment Scotland. "Grantown-on-spey, 27 The Square, 1 - 6 Speyside House (15700)". Canmore. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  26. ^ "Grantown Calendar" (PDF). The Grantown Society. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  27. ^ a b c d Glen, Ann (2009). Old Grantown to Aviemore - Upper Strathspey. Catrine: Stenlake Publishing. p. 1. ISBN 9781840334593.
  28. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Grantown-on-spey, 1 High Street And 1 The Square, Caledonian Bank (111397)". Canmore. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  29. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "1 HIGH STREET AND 1 THE SQUARE BANK OF SCOTLAND (Category B Listed Building) (LB34060)". Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  30. ^ "'Position closed' at Grantown's last High Street bank". Strathspey & Badenoch Herald. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  31. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Grantown-on-spey, 3 And 5 High Street, Post Office And Mortimer's Building (278378)". Canmore. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  32. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Grantown-on-spey, 70, 72, 74 High Street, Dunbar's Hotel (111388)". Canmore. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  33. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "70 AND 72 HIGH STREET, STRATHSPEY HOTEL (Category B Listed Building) (LB34057)". Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  34. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Grantown-on-spey, The Square, Grant Arms Hotel (15689)". Canmore. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  35. ^ a b Historic Environment Scotland. "THE SQUARE GRANT ARMS HOTEL (Category C Listed Building) (LB34074)". Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  36. ^ "Historic Strathspey hotel gets a new lease of life". Strathspey & Badenoch Herald. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  37. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Grantown-on-spey, Woodlands Terrace, Craiglynne Hotel (318222)". Canmore. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  38. ^ Gray, Richard (2010). Cinemas in Britain: A History of Cinema Architecture. Lund Humphries Publishers Ltd. p. 160. ISBN 978-1848220720.
  39. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Grantown-on-spey, The Square, Royal British Legion Building (278331)". Canmore. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  40. ^ "Ian Charles Community Hospital". NHS Highland. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  41. ^ "Anagach Wood". Woodland Trust. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  42. ^ a b "First capercaillie chicks in years in Grantown woods". BBC News. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  43. ^ "Inverallan Church". Strathspey Kirks. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  44. ^ a b c d Historic Environment Scotland. "MOSSIE ROAD, INVERALLAN CHURCH, CHURCH OF SCOTLAND (Category B Listed Building) (LB34062)". Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  45. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Grantown-on-spey, Mossie Road, Inverallan Parish Church (111290)". Canmore. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  46. ^ a b c d e Glen, Ann (2009). Old Grantown to Aviemore - Upper Strathspey. Catrine: Stenlake Publishing. p. i. ISBN 9781840334593.
  47. ^ a b c Historic Environment Scotland. "Old Spey Bridge (15697)". Canmore. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  48. ^ a b Historic Environment Scotland. "New Spey Bridge (15698)". Canmore. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  49. ^ Glen, Ann (2009). Old Grantown to Aviemore - Upper Strathspey. Catrine: Stenlake Publishing. p. 13. ISBN 9781840334593.
  50. ^ "Strathspey Steam Railway use crane for new bridge". BBC News. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  51. ^ "New bridge to connect Aviemore and Grantown on Spey". BBC News. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  52. ^ "250 years of Grantown Grammar School". The Grantown Society. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  53. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Grantown-on-spey, Grantown Grammar School (278355)". Canmore. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  54. ^ "Schools - Grantown Grammar School". Highland Council. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  55. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Grantown-on-spey, South Street, Grantown Primary School (278408)". Canmore. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  56. ^ "Schools - Grantown Primary". Highland Council. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  57. ^ Glen, Ann (2009). Old Grantown to Aviemore - Upper Strathspey. Catrine: Stenlake Publishing. p. 10. ISBN 9781840334593.
  58. ^ a b c d Glen, Ann (2009). Old Grantown to Aviemore - Upper Strathspey. Catrine: Stenlake Publishing. p. 11. ISBN 9781840334593.
  59. ^ "Craig MacLean Leisure Centre". Highland Council (High Life). Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  60. ^ "Swimmers to lose access to popular pool in Aviemore". Strathspey & Badenoch Herald. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  61. ^ "Grantown-on-Spey to honour former resident Aung San Suu Kyi with plaque". The Scotsman. 21 November 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Grantown on Spey.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Grantown-on-Spey.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Grantown".
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