HVDC Kingsnorth

HVDC Kingsnorth was a high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission system at Kingsnorth in Kent. It was at one time the only application of the technology of high voltage direct current transmission for the supply of transformer stations in a city.

It was designed in the first half of the 1970s and went into service in 1975. It ran from Kingsnorth power station as a 59 kilometers long bipolar (3-wire) underground cable. The positive pole operating at a voltage of +266 kV terminated at the static inverter station in Beddington near Croydon. The negative pole continued to run a further 26 kilometers at -266 kV line to a similar station at Willesden in North London.

There was also the possibility, if the static inverter station in Kingsnorth was out of service, to run the system as monopolar HVDC between the Beddington and Willesden stations. The HVDC Kingsnorth was the last HVDC equipped with mercury vapour rectifiers, whereby each static inverter for 266kV consisted of two six-pulse valve bridges for 132kV switched in series, which were each fed via a star-star and a star-delta switched transformer.

All later-built HVDC systems used thyristor valves. The HVDC Kingsnorth could transfer a maximum power of 640 megawatts (320 megawatts per pole).

The system described was shut down according http://www.ece.uidaho.edu/hvdcfacts/Projects/HVDCProjectsListingMay2008-existing.pdf in 1987 following system reinforcement on the network it was embedded in. However the capacitor banks located at Kingsorth were used for voltage control on the network. These were later removed from the system completely in the mid 1980s? (1990s?) as they contained PCB.

Sites

Site	Coordinates
Kingsnorth Static Inverter Plant ( out of service)	51°25′11″N 0°35′46″E
London-Beddington Static Inverter Plant ( out of service)	51°22′23″N 0°7′38″W
London-Willesden Static Inverter Plant ( out of service)	51°32′41″N 0°15′29″W