Insect bites and stings occur when an insect is agitated and seeks to defend itself through its natural defense mechanisms, or when an insect seeks to feed off the bitten person. Some insects inject formic acid, which can cause an immediate skin reaction often resulting in redness and swelling in the injured area. The sting from fire ants, bees, wasps and hornets are usually painful, and may stimulate a dangerous allergic reaction called anaphylaxis for at-risk patients, and some wasps can also have a powerful bite along with a sting. Bites from mosquitoes and fleas are more likely to cause itching than pain.
The skin reaction to insect bites and stings usually lasts for up to a few days. However, in some cases the local reaction can last for up to two years. These bites are sometimes misdiagnosed as other types of benign or cancerous lesions.[1]
[edit] Signs and symptoms
Low magnification
micrograph showing wedge-shaped a superficial dermal perivascular lymphoeosinophilic infiltrate, the histomorphologic appearance of an insect bite.
H&E stain.
The reaction to a sting is of three types. The normal reaction involves the area around the bite with redness, itchiness, and pain. A large local reaction occur when the area of swelling is greater than 5 cm. Systemic reactions are when symptoms occur in areas besides that of the bites.[2]
[edit] Microscopic appearance
The histomorphologic appearance of insect bites is usually characterized by a wedge-shaped superficial dermal perivascular infiltrate consisting of abundant lymphocytes and scattered eosinophils. This appearance is non-specific, i.e. it may be seen in a number of conditions including:[3]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
[edit] External links
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Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology
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| Growths |
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| Rashes |
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With
epidermal
involvement
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Without
epidermal
involvement
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Red
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Generalized
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Localized
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Specialized
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Nonblanchable
Purpura
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Indurated
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Miscellaneous
disorders |
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