JT LeRoy

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Sarah "signed" by JT LeRoy

Jeremiah "Terminator" LeRoy is a literary persona created in the 1990s by American writer Laura Albert. "JT" was presented as the author of several narrative works, most of which were purportedly autobiographical accounts by an HIV-positive teenage boy about his experiences of poverty, drug use, and emotional and sexual abuse in his childhood and adolescence in rural West Virginia. Albert wrote these works, and communicated with people in the persona of "JT" via phone and e-mail. Following the release of the first novel Sarah, Albert's sister-in-law Savannah Knoop began to make public appearances as the supposed writer.[1] The works attracted considerable literary and celebrity attention, and the authenticity of "LeRoy" has been a subject of debate, as details of the creation came to light in the 2000s.

Published works

Albert originally published as Terminator and later JT LeRoy.[2]

By turns magical and realistic, the novel Sarah is narrated by a nameless boy whose mother Sarah is a lot lizard: a prostitute who works the truck stops in West Virginia. She can be abusive and abandoning, yet he longs for her love and tries to follow in her world, working for a pimp who specializes in "boy-girls."
Ten short stories that form a novel about the childhood of Jeremiah, torn from his foster parents at age four when his emotionally disturbed mother reclaims him and then runs away with him. She alternately clings to Jeremiah and abandons him, subjecting him to patterns of abuse and exploitation she has suffered throughout her life.
  • Harold's End (2005)[5]
The novella follows a young heroin addict who is befriended by Larry, an older man, from whom he receives an unusual pet. Illustrations are by Australian artist Cherry Hood. Published by Last Gasp.

Contributions to other written works

Work credited to LeRoy was published in literary journals such as Francis Ford Coppola's Zoetrope: All-Story, McSweeney's Quarterly Concern, Memorious, and Oxford American magazine's Seventh Annual Music Issue. LeRoy was listed as a contributing editor to BlackBook magazine, i-D and 7x7 magazines, and is credited with writing reviews all of which include the character Justin Wayne Dennis, articles and interviews for The New York Times, The Times of London, Spin, Film Comment, Filmmaker, Flaunt, Shout NY, Index Magazine, Interview, and Vogue, among others.

LeRoy's work has also appeared in such anthologies as The Best American Nonrequired Reading 2003, MTV's Lit Riffs, XXX: 30 Porn-Star Portraits, Nadav Kander's Beauty's Nothing, and The Fourth Sex: Adolescent Extremes. LeRoy is also listed as guest editor for Da Capo's Best Music Writing 2005.[6]

Additionally, LeRoy was credited with liner notes and biographies for musicians Billy Corgan, Liz Phair, Conor Oberst, Ash, Bryan Adams, Marilyn Manson, Nancy Sinatra and Courtney Love and profiled award-winner Juergen Teller.

Circumstances of JT LeRoy's creation

Calling a suicide hotline in the 1990s, Albert reached Dr. Terrence Owens, a psychologist with the McAuley Adolescent Psychiatric Program at St. Mary's Medical Center in San Francisco.[7] Owens did not know her as Laura Albert at the time, but as "Jeremiah" or "Terminator". Owens is credited with encouraging "Jeremiah" or "Terminator"—who later became known as JT LeRoy—to write during their phone therapy sessions.[8] The writings that "LeRoy" shared with Owens eventually made their way into the collection of short stories in 1998. Laura Albert also recorded conversations without Owens' consent, and these illegally recorded phone calls made their way into the documentary Author.[9]

"JT LeRoy" a.ka. Laura Albert also reached out to the literary community in the voice of a damaged HIV positive boy, many who were sympathetic to "his backstory.' Writers such as Dennis Cooper, Bruce Benderson, Laurie Stone, and Joel Rose were among his first contacts that led to him getting published by Henry Dunow at the supposed age of 16.[10]

Laura Albert explained the circumstances of JT's existence in a Fall 2006 Paris Review interview with Nathaniel Rich. She attested that she could not have written from raw emotion without the right to be presented to the world via JT LeRoy, whom she calls her "phantom limb".

At her trial, Albert described JT LeRoy as her "veil".[11]

Exposure

Throughout the 1990s, virtually no one had ever glimpsed the reclusive author. Then, in 2001, a person decked out in a wig and sunglasses began appearing in public, claiming to be LeRoy

In August 2005, journalist John Nova Lomax published "Coal Miner Mother of a Mess" in the Houston Press, casting doubt on the particulars of LeRoy's story. Lomax recounted his frustrated attempts to contact LeRoy by e-mail, pointed out several obvious discrepancies of fact, and cast doubt on LeRoy's existence.[12] A few months later, Stephen Beachy, in an October 2005 article in New York Magazine, revealed that "JT LeRoy" was indeed a fictional creation. invented by writer, Laura Albert, and that LeRoy's purported public appearances in wig and sunglasses were impersonations by a relative of Albert's.[13] This was confirmed by Warren St. John of The New York Times (February, 2006), who revealed further that Albert had been passing herself off as "Speedie" or "Emily", spokesperson and caretaker of the supposedly fragile LeRoy.[14] St John also revealed the identity of the "wigs and sunglasses" impersonator as Alpert's sister-in-law, 25-year-old Savannah Koop, an aspiring clothes designer.[15]

In the (February 2016) New York Times, an additional participant in the hoax: Savannah Koop's half-brother Geoffrey (aka Astor), 39 came forward "out of concern for his son, family members and others affected by what he called an all-consuming web of deceit" and he clarified that Laura Albert was the writer of JT LeRoy's books. [16]

In 2008, Savannah Knoop published a memoir, Girl Boy Girl: How I Became JT LeRoy, about her six-year career as an impersonator.[17]

Film option and lawsuit

Antidote International Films, Inc., and its president Jeffrey Levy-Hinte announced plans for a film adaptation of Sarah to be directed by Steven Shainberg. According to The New York Times, when Shainberg "learned who had truly written Sarah an inspiration came to him to make a 'meta-film', a triple-layered movie that would blend the novel with the lives of its real and purported authors in a project he took to calling Sarah Plus."[18] The New York Times also reported that this new project "required the rights to Laura Albert's story, rights that she in no uncertain terms refused to grant".[19]

In June 2007 Antidote sued Laura Albert for fraud, claiming that a contract signed by Albert in JT LeRoy's name to make a feature film of Sarah was null and void.[20] A jury found against Albert, holding that the use of the pseudonym to sign the film rights contract was fraudulent.[21]

In popular culture

Documentaries about JT LeRoy include Author: The JT LeRoy Story (2016) directed by Jeff Feuerzeig, The Cult of JT LeRoy (2015) directed by Marjorie Sturm, and The Ballad of JT LeRoy (2014) directed by Lynn Hershman Leeson.

Armistead Maupin's The Night Listener features the case of Anthony Godby Johnson, which is similar to that of LeRoy.[22]

References

  1. ^ What to Stream Now. "Laura Albert Versus Savannah Knoop: Who Is the Real Fake JT LeRoy?". Vulture. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
  2. ^ "Laura Albert" (PDF). Jtleroy.com. June 20, 2014. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
  3. ^ LeRoy, JT. Sarah. Bloomsbury USA (June 9, 2000) ISBN 1-58234-146-X.
  4. ^ LeRoy, JT. The Heart is Deceitful Above All Things. Bloomsbury USA Hardcover (June 9, 2001) ISBN 1-58234-142-7 Paperback (June 1, 2002) ISBN 1-58234-211-3.
  5. ^ LeRoy, JT. Harold's End. Last Gasp (January 30, 2005) ISBN 0-86719-614-9. Originally in McSweeney's Quarterly Concern Issue 7. Italian translation La fine di Harold by Martina Testa. Fazio Editore 2003. ISBN 88-8112-387-8.
  6. ^ LeRoy, JT (ed). Da Capo Best Music Writing 2005: The Year's Finest Writing on Rock, Hip-hop, Jazz, Pop, Country & More. Da Capo Press (October 30, 2005) ISBN 0-306-81446-3
  7. ^ "Figure in JT LeRoy Case Says Partner Is Culprit". The New York Times. February 7, 2006.
  8. ^ "Soul-baring fiction author J.T. LeRoy plays with gender—and identity. Does it really matter who he is?". SFGate. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
  9. ^ "Argento and Others are angry About it Being in JT Leroy Documentary". The New York Times. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
  10. ^ http://nymag.com/nymetro/news/people/features/14718/
  11. ^ "JT LeRoy author ordered to pay triple-sized costs | Books". The Guardian. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
  12. ^ John Nova Lomax, "Coal Miner Mother of a Mess", Houston Press (August 25, 2005).
  13. ^ Beachy, Stephen. "Who is JT LeRoy? The True Identity of a Great Literary Hustler". Nymag.com. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
  14. ^ Warren St. John (February 7, 2006). "Figure in JT Leroy Case Says Partner Is Culprit". The New York Times. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
  15. ^ Warren St. John (January 9, 2006). "The Unmasking of JT Leroy: In Public, He's a She". The New York Times. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
  16. ^ http://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/07/books/07lero.html
  17. ^ This is the woman who played the man who became a transsexual and fooled the world for six years, The Guardian, November 2, 2008
  18. ^ Feuer, Alan. "In Writer's Trial, a Conflict Over Roles of Art and Money". The New York Times. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  19. ^ Feuer, Alan (August 1, 1007). ""Judge Orders Author to Pay Film Company $350,000 in Legal Fees"". The New York Times. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
  20. ^ Writer Testifies About Source of Nom de Plume By Alan Feuer, The New York Times, Published: June 20, 2007.
  21. ^ Westfeldt, Amy (June 23, 2007). "Jury: novel bought by company fraudulent". USA Today. Associated Press.
  22. ^ "Who is JT LeRoy? The True Identity of a Great Literary Hustler". Nymag.com. Retrieved November 20, 2016.

External links

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