Jim Penman

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Not to be confused with Jim the Penman.

David Jim Penman
Owner of Jim's Group
Personal details
Born (1952-05-25) 25 May 1952 (age 71)
Stourbridge, England
NationalityAustralian
Children10
Alma materLa Trobe University
ProfessionFranchisor, historian
Websitejimpenman.com.au

David "Jim" Penman is an Australian businessman and historian in the field of biohistory. He is the owner of Jim's Group, a lawn care service franchise.[1][2] He has self-published books, based partially on his work with a lab he funds at La Trobe University, to make claims on predicting human culture and history based on the activities of mice.[3] His books have been described as eugenics, drawing on racial stereotypes.[3][4][5] Penman described his ideas as being classified as conservative liberalism and neoliberalism.[6]

Early life[edit]

Penman’s mother, Margaret Moxham, was a teacher from Scone, NSW, who met Tom Penman at a Youth Hostel in Wales, whilst she was holidaying in the United Kingdom.[7] The family emigrated to Australia in 1955 and eventually there were four children: Lynne, David (Jim), Chris and Gill.[7] Tom Penman worked in different roles, including academic with the University of Adelaide and Chief Engineer at Carlton United Breweries.[8]

Education[edit]

Penman attended Prince Alfred College in Adelaide, Sydney Church of England Grammar School and Melbourne Grammar, followed by an Honours Degree in sociology at La Trobe University.[9] In 1974, Penman commenced PhD degree studies at La Trobe University, under the supervision of June Philipp, who was part of a network of ethnographic historians called "the Melbourne Group"[10] The PhD thesis looked at character as a key to understanding history.[11] Penman's thesis was initially rejected in 1981, although Penman's supervisor then suggested that he rewrite the methodology section of the thesis. Penman followed the suggestion, and the thesis was re-submitted in 1983 and subsequently accepted in April 1984,[12] under the title 'Personality and Culture'.[13] At the time, the thesis did not attract any scholarly attention.[14]

Jim's Group[edit]

After the completion of his PhD in 1983, Penman gradually turned his part-time lawn mowing business into a franchising business,[3] focussing on setting up and selling lawn-mowing rounds and taking on sub-contractors, rather than simply mowing lawns. Between 1983 and 1989, he sold around 100 rounds.[2]

In 1988 VIP Home Services came into the market in Victoria, which prompted Penman to systemise his own processes and create the Jim's Mowing franchise. Penman states that his mandate is to be fanatical about service to both franchisees and customers.[2] However, he has a reputation for becoming angry quickly and for "being a firer", with a high turnover at the Jim's Group national office. After firing his sister, the two have been estranged.[1]

After launching the franchise business in 1989, Penman expanded to include additional industries. The first addition was cleaning services, and by 2012 the franchise model had been adapted to over 30 service industries. However, Penman's business model was also criticised in 2012 for being inappropriate for managing the large number of franchisees.[15]

During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Penman was a critic of how Victoria's lockdown rules were applied to his franchisees, including encouraging them to continue work despite lockdown restrictions.[16] In August he discussed the possibility of legal action against the Victorian government, and in October it was announced that about 700 Jim's Mowing franchisees were joining a class action led by Carbone Lawyers.[17][18] As of 2023, Jim’s Group has over 5,200 franchisees in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United Kingdom.[19]

Research interests[edit]

In 2006, Penman began funding his own research projects to further the ideas he laid out in his PhD thesis. The initial $500,000 in 2006[20] had grown to approximately a million per year by 2017 according to Penman, with him aiming to increase that to 3 million per year.[21] The intended application of the research being to halt his predicted economic and moral decline of the West, with subsequent takeover by China and then a unified Africa.[3]

In 2015, Penman self-published the books Biohistory and Biohistory: The Decline and Fall of the West about epigenetics based on his PhD thesis.[3][22][23] His works have been critiqued as drawing "heavily on racial stereotypes"[4] and having a nationalist and eugenicist agenda.[3][5] However, in Biohistory: Decline and Fall of the West, Jim makes clear his view that genes cannot explain the differences between populations, since humans are genetically quite similar. Differences between peoples can best be explained by epigenetics, which is the way in which genes are affected by the environment. He attributes the misunderstanding to popular confusion about the meaning of epigenetics.[24]

Though this work has not garnered much mainstream impact, it has been noted by critics that the praise it has received comes from racist and white-supremacist journals such as The Occidental Quarterly and Mankind Quarterly.[5]

Penman stated that after his PhD thesis was rejected, he could not get an academic post and had to self-fund his research interests.[2] However, in 2006 he began funding research at La Trobe University's School of Psychological Science under Tony Paolini based on the theories in his books.[22][25] His primary research collaborator, Paolini, said "I think, basically, Jim has a lot of ideas and I, as a scientist, help to funnel those ideas into testable hypotheses".[22] As part of this work with La Trobe, Penman has co-authored some articles on calorie restriction in rats.[26][27][28][29] In 2017, he also founded the Institute for Social Neuroscience (ISN) Psychology, a private research institute and tertiary education provider where, Penman was the sole member of the Board of Directors and a member of the Academic Board along with Paolini.[4][25]

His intended future research includes the behavioral and physiological benefits of mild food shortage (without restricting food) on adverse epigenetic effects of early environment[30] and a drug to make people more focused, more hard working, more intelligent and creative,[3] and using CRISPR to make genetic and epigenetic changes.[21]

Personal life[edit]

Penman has been married four times and has 10 children. He was an atheist up to his conversion to Christianity in 1979[31] and he describes himself as an evangelical Christian.[32][1][33][34] He attends a conservative creationist church, although he himself is an evolutionist.[35] Jim has recently started attending his local Catholic Church in an effort to become more mainstream. He is currently a member of Crossway Baptist Church.[36]

Bibliography[edit]

Jim's Mowing and franchise development:[edit]

  • J. Penman (1992) The Cutting Edge: Jim's Mowing, a Franchise Story ISBN 0850915171, 9780850915174
  • J. Penman (1998) Surprised by Success: The Very Australian Story of Jim's Mowing ISBN 0646912526, 9780646912523
  • J. Penman (2003) What Will They Franchise Next?: The Story of Jim's Group ISBN 9780975113202
  • J. Penman (2013) Selling by Not Selling: From $24 to a Turnover of $24 Million ISBN 0646360736, 9780646360737
  • J. Penman (2022) Every Customer a Fan: The Story of Jim’s Group ISBN 9781669645573

Epigenetics, culture and society:[edit]

  • Jim Penman (1992) The Hungry Ape: Biology And The Fall Of Civilisations ISBN 9780646078571
  • J. Penman (2015) Biohistory: Decline and Fall of the West, Cambridge Scholars ISBN 978-1443871303[37]
  • J. Penman (2015) Biohistory, Cambridge Scholars ISBN 978-1443871655
  • J. Penman (2021) Epigenetics and Character: The Biology Behind History, The Biohistory Foundation

Audiobooks[edit]

  • J. Penman (2022) Every Customer a Fan: The Story of Jim’s Group (read by Les Horovitz) ISBN 9781669645573

External links[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Waters, Cara (28 February 2019). "'Wrath is my weakness': Jim's Mowing's 'ruthless' boss admits to sacking sister". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  2. ^ a b c d White, Sue (14 November 2015). "Meet the boss: Jim's Group founder Jim Penman". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Amerena, Dom (9 May 2013). "The Founder of Jim's Mowing will Make you Smarter and Save the World". Vice. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
  4. ^ a b c "How Jim Penman made enough money to be taken seriously". Australian Financial Review. 13 May 2019. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  5. ^ a b c Patel, Josh (30 April 2017). "The 'Biological Turn' in History Writing". Exchanges: The Interdisciplinary Research Journal. 4 (2): 280–297. doi:10.31273/eirj.v4i2.165. ISSN 2053-9665.
  6. ^ "- YouTube". YouTube.
  7. ^ a b Moolenschot, p. 1
  8. ^ Moolenschot, Catherine (15 April 2019). Jim's book : the surprising story of Jim Penman, Australia's backyard millionaire. Milton, QLD. pp. 6–9. ISBN 9780730368151. OCLC 1078404005.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  9. ^ Moolenschot, pp. 1–26.
  10. ^ Griffiths, Tom (1 October 2016). "Reading Inga Clendinnen". The Monthly. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  11. ^ Moolenschot, pp. 26–41.
  12. ^ Moolenschot, p. 40.
  13. ^ La Trobe University Library Catalogue
  14. ^ Moolenschot, p. 41.
  15. ^ Bleby, Michael (9 August 2012). "Jim's fantastic empire". Australian Financial Review. Archived from the original on 6 October 2017.
  16. ^ Gillespie, Eden (5 August 2020). "Jim's Mowing founder under fire after encouraging franchisees to keep operating during Victoria's lockdown". The Feed. SBS. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  17. ^ Anthony Piovesan (31 August 2020). "'Stupidity': Jim's Mowing to sue for millions". The Northern Star.
  18. ^ Anthony Piovesan (7 October 2020). "Jim's Mowing joins massive class action". The Northern Star.
  19. ^ Welch, Kalila (27 November 2023). "'I know nothing about the beauty industry': The Jim's Mowing founder's new venture". Mumbrella. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  20. ^ Gibson, Rachel (16 September 2006). "Weird science or the Jim workout our bodies need?". The Age. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  21. ^ a b "How biohistory affects human nature". Human Givens Institute. 3 January 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2019.
  22. ^ a b c Gibson, Rachel (16 September 2006). "Weird science or the Jim workout our bodies need?". The Age. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  23. ^ "'We're all doomed': Jim's Mowing founder Jim Penman". 8 May 2015.
  24. ^ Epigenetics and Character : The biology behind history (PDF). The Biohistory Foundation. October 2021.
  25. ^ a b "Our Governance". ISN Psychology College. 14 December 2016. Archived from the original on 27 February 2020.
  26. ^ Levay, Elizabeth A.; Govic, Antonina; Penman, Jim; Paolini, Antonio G.; Kent, Stephen (5 December 2007). "Effects of adult-onset calorie restriction on anxiety-like behavior in rats". Physiology & Behavior. 92 (5): 889–896. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.06.018. ISSN 0031-9384. PMID 17673267. S2CID 28041382.
  27. ^ Govic, Antonina; Levay, Elizabeth A.; Hazi, Agnes; Penman, Jim; Kent, Stephen; Paolini, Antonio G. (26 June 2008). "Alterations in male sexual behaviour, attractiveness and testosterone levels induced by an adult-onset calorie restriction regimen". Behavioural Brain Research. 190 (1): 140–146. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.02.013. ISSN 0166-4328. PMID 18367259. S2CID 25162204.
  28. ^ Govic, Antonina; Kent, Stephen; Levay, Elizabeth A.; Hazi, Agnes; Penman, Jim; Paolini, Antonio G. (June 2008). "Testosterone, social and sexual behavior of perinatally and lifelong calorie restricted offspring". Physiology & Behavior. 94 (3): 516–522. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.03.007. ISSN 0031-9384. PMID 18456293. S2CID 26642295.
  29. ^ Levay, Elizabeth A.; Tammer, Amanda H.; Penman, Jim; Kent, Stephen; Paolini, Antonio G. (May 2010). "Calorie restriction at increasing levels leads to augmented concentrations of corticosterone and decreasing concentrations of testosterone in rats". Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.). 30 (5): 366–373. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2010.05.001. ISSN 1879-0739. PMID 20579529.
  30. ^ "BioHistory Research". Biohistory. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
  31. ^ Moolenschot, pp. 10, 34.
  32. ^ "How 'Jim' Penman from Jim's Mowing made his fortune". NewsComAu. 1 March 2019. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  33. ^ "God, History And Jim's Mowing I". Focus on the Family Australia. 14 July 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  34. ^ Corr, Brendan (18 March 2020). "Episode 04: Jim Penman". Australian Christian College (Podcast). The Inspiration Project.
  35. ^ Moolenschot, p. 45.
  36. ^ "Crossway Business Gathering". Crossway Baptist Church, Burwood East, Melbourne. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  37. ^ "Review: 'Biohistory — Decline and Fall of the West'". Digital Journal. 2 October 2015. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
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