Koratala Satyanarayana
Koratala Satyanarayana (September 24, 1923 – July 1, 2006) was a communist politician from Andhra Pradesh, India. He was a Politbureau member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)).
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[edit] Childhood
Born into the family of Buchaiah and Sheshamma in Pyaparru village of Amartaluru mandal in Guntur district on September 24, 1923, Koratala Satyanarayana had a brother and three sisters. Although born into a feudal family, he stood by the working people and consistently fought for their upliftment. He was one of the key builders of the movement in Guntur district.
[edit] Political entry and pathway
Koratala Satyanarayana was one of the experienced leaders of the Party in Andhra Pradesh who had worked with the first generation builders of the communist movement in the state.
His quest for justice was apparent in his childhood when he went to Turimella high school in 1938–39. A statewide agitation was going on in high schools against the detention system in exams and Koratala was the one who launched it in his school. Despite waging the struggle for 11 days, there was no outcome as the school headmaster was adamant. Koratala went and met Makineni Basavapunnaiah, a communist leader who was a student leader in Guntur. That was the beginning of his turn towards communism. His cousin and brother-in-law Paturi Subbaiah were active in the freedom movement.
With the headmaster bowing to the demand after the intervention of Makineni Basavapunnaiah, the strike in the school concluded successfully. Koratala was part of the joint committee of students and teachers formed on students' issues. He was also associated with the bringing out of the school magazine. The drill master of the school was a Leftist and was brother-in-law of Comrade Moturu Hanumantha Rao, who used to keep visiting him. Koratala came in touch with Comrade Moturu Hanumantha Rao during his visits to the school.
The headmaster of the school expired suddenly, leaving behind his family in despair. Koratala led the students in collecting Rs. 5000 from the villagers for the family. With the coming of a new headmaster began the problem of detention system again. Koratala then failed the school-leaving exit exam. With this he shifted his study to Repalle where he became much more active in student union activities, becoming the joint secretary of the student's union. His contacts with communists grew here. He met Comrade L B Gangadhara Rao.
In 1942, Koratala joined A C College in Guntur which was a centre of active student movement. He became the secretary of Students Action Committee and fully immersed himself in student movement. The Quit India movement, police firing in Guntur leading to death of several students, militant agitations etc. marked this period. Comrade Makineni Basavapunnaiah was the secretary of Andhra area student movement and Koratala used to meet him often during agitations. The ban on Communist Party of India had just been lifted. Koratala left studies when he was in 10+2 and became fully involved in the movement, particularly in building student and trade union units. He became a member of the Communist Party of India in September 1942. He was elected to the district committee of the students union for the first time in 1943. He worked as Guntur city secretary of the student union till 1944. With his parents angry that he was working in the movement, they stopped sending money to him. Comrade Moturu Hanumantha Rao then arranged for an allowance to Koratala. He was relieved from student movement in 1945. He came back to Repalle as a Party wholetimer in 1945-46. He married his niece, Sitaratnam, in 1945.
The period from 1946 to 1948 witnessed intense agitations throughout the state and the district. In Repalle, a big agitation was organised in 15 villages on the issue of increasing wages for agricultural labour. Struggles were conducted on issues concerning various sections of the working people and Koratala was actively involved in these struggles. He was elected to the Taluka committee in 1946 and later to the district committee of the Party in 1947. Despite an arrest warrant being issued against him, Koratala addressed an eight thousand strong public meeting of agricultural labourers. With information provided by the workers of Indian National Congress, police arrested Koratala in April 1949. They sent him to Bellary jail first and then shifted him to Cuddalore detention camp.
As a result of the Sino-Soviet split in the international communist movement, the Communist Party of India had faced a split in 1964 and the splinter group named itself as the Communist Party of India (Marxist). Comrade Koratala took the side of the CPI(M) during the split.
[edit] Electoral representation
In the first general elections held in 1952, Koratala contested as Party candidate from Tenali Lok Sabha constituency. He lost with a slender margin of 1100 votes.
Koratala contested for the state assembly election from Repalle constituency continuously from 1962 to 1978 and won twice in 1962, as a member of the Communist Party of India and in 1978, as a member of the CPI(M). He led a team for survey, basing on which the Party adopted a resolution ‘On Certain Agrarian Issues’.
Though not a regular writer, Koratala used to contribute to newspapers depending on the need of the hour.
In 1967 Koratala was first elected to the state committee of the CPI(M) and in 1978 to the state secretariat. He was a member of Party central committee since 1985 till his last breath. He was the Party state secretary between 1991 and 1997. He served as Politbureau member of the Party between 2002 and 2005. He visited China and Bulgaria as part of the Party central committee team which toured for 25 days.
Satyanarayana won the Repalle assembly seat in the 1962 and 1978 Andhra Pradesh legislative assembly elections. He used to be the Secretary of the Andhra Pradesh State Committee of the CPI(M). Satyanarayana is the chairman of Prajasakti Sahiti Samstha, the publishing house of the CPI(M).
[edit] Death
Koratala Satyanarayana died on July 1, 2006 at 8:21 a.m. at his residence in Old MLA Quarters, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. Despite being on the bed for months together battling cancer, he keenly followed the day to day political developments in the state. In fact, he was very eager to attend the recent central committee meeting held in Hyderabad but the state leadership of the Party prevailed upon him to not exert himself. He was survived by wife, two sons and a daughter.[1]
