List of Doges of Venice

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Doge of Venice
Coat of arms
Ludovico Manin
StyleHis Serenity
ResidencePalazzo Ducale
AppointerSerenissima Signoria
Formation697
First holderPaolo L. Anafesto
Final holderLudovico Manin
Abolished12 May 1797

The following is a list of all 120 of the Doges of Venice ordered by the dates of their reigns.

For more than 1,000 years, the chief magistrate and leader of the city of Venice and later of the Most Serene Republic of Venice was styled the Doge, a rare but not unique Italian title derived from the Latin Dux. Doges of Venice were elected for life by the city-state's aristocracy. The Venetian combination of elaborate monarchic pomp and a republican (though "aristocratic") constitution with intricate checks and balances makes "La serenissima" (Venice) a textbook example of a crowned republic.

Despite the great power given to them, the Venetian Doges were restricted by law (unlike the Doges of the Republic of Genoa) to spend the rest of their lives inside the Doge's Palace complex and St Mark's Basilica, occasionally leaving for diplomatic reasons.

Byzantine period

# Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Reigned Note Sources
1 Paolo Lucio Anafesto 697–717 Paolo Lucio Anafesto is traditionally described as the first Doge of Venice, but John Julius Norwich suggests that this may be a mistake for Paul, Exarch of Ravenna, and that the traditional second doge Marcello Tegalliano may have been the similarly named magister militum to Paul. Their existence as doges is uncorroborated by any source before the 11th century, but as Norwich suggests, is probably not entirely legendary. Traditionally, the establishment of the Republic is, thus, dated to 697 AD.
2 Marcello Tegalliano
(died 726) 		717–726
3 Orso Ipato
(died 737) 		726–737 Ipato is described as the first historical Doge of Venice.

Nominated by the popular assembly opposed to the iconoclast policies of the Byzantine Emperor; murdered by rebels during a civil conflict

Magister militum per Venetiae

# Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Reigned Note Sources
1 Domenico Leoni 738 Leoni was the first Byzantine magister militum per Venetiae.
2 Felice Cornicola 739
3 Teodato Ipato 739
4 Jovian Ceparius 741
5 John Fabriacus 742

Ducal period

# Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Reigned Note Sources
4 Teodato Ipato 742–755 The first doge since its restoration.

Deposed, blinded, and exiled.

5 Galla Gaulo 755–756 Deposed, blinded, and exiled.
6 Domenico Monegario
(died 764) 		756–764 Deposed, blinded, and exiled.
7 Maurizio Galbaio
(died 787) 		764–787
8 Giovanni Galbaio
(Unknown) 		787–804 Fled to Mantua in 803 with family, where they all probably died
9 Obelerio degli Antenori
(Unknown) 		804–811 Exiled, attempted to return to power, killed and head displayed in the market.
10 Agnello Participazio
(died 827) 		811–827
11 Giustiniano Participazio
(died 829) 		827–829
12 Giovanni I Participazio
(died 837) 		829–836 Arrested and tonsured (head shaved like a monk).
13 Pietro Tradonico
(c. 800 – 13 September 864) 		836–864 Assassinated, although in this case his successor arrested and executed the assassins
14 Orso I Participazio
(died 881) 		864–881
15 Giovanni II Participazio
(died 887) 		881–887
16 Pietro I Candiano
(died 912) 		887–887 Resigned due to poor health
17 Pietro Tribuno
(died 912) 		887–912 Killed in open battle while invading the Narentines.
18 Orso II Participazio
(died 932) 		912–932
19 Pietro II Candiano
(c. 872–939) 		932–939
20 Pietro Participazio
(died 942) 		939–942
21 Pietro III Candiano
(died 959) 		942–959
22 Pietro IV Candiano
(928–987) 		959–976 People of Venice locked him in the palace with his son while it burnt.
23 Pietro I Orseolo
(928–987) 		976–978 Resigned to become a Camaldolese hermit in the Abbey of Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa in the Pyrenees.
24 Vitale Candiano
(died 979) 		978–979 Abdicated, for health reasons
25 Tribuno Memmo
(died 991) 		979–991
26 Pietro II Orseolo
(961−1009) 		991–1009
27 Otto Orseolo
(c. 992−1032) 		1008–1026 Arrested, beard shaved, and banished to Constantinople for nepotism.
28 Pietro Barbolano
(died 1032) 		1026–1032 Abdicated under heavy pressure to reinstate Otto Orseolo.
29 Domenico Flabanico
(died 1043) 		1032–1043
30 Domenico I Contarini
(died 1071) 		1043–1071
31 Domenico Selvo
(died 1087) 		1071–1084 Deposed peacefully to a monastery because of naval defeat, died three years later.
32 Vitale Faliero
(died 1095) 		1084–1095
33 Vitale I Michiel
(died 1102) 		1095–1102
34 Ordelafo Faliero
(died 1117) 		1102–1117
35 Domenico Michiel
(died 1130) 		1117–1130
36 Pietro Polani
(died 1148) 		1130–1148

Republican period

# Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Reigned Note Sources
37 Domenico Morosini
(died February 1156) 		1148–1156
38 Vitale II Michiel
(died 1172) 		1156–1172 Murdered
39 Sebastiano Ziani
(Unknown) 		1172–1178
40 Orio Mastropiero
(died 13 June 1192) 		1178–1192
41 Enrico Dandolo
(1107 – May/June 1205) 		21 June 1192 – June 1205
42 Pietro Ziani
(died 13 March 1230) 		1205–1229
43 Jacopo Tiepolo
(died 19 July 1249) 		1229–1249
44 Marino Morosini
(1181– January 1, 1253) 		1249–1253
45 Reniero Zeno
(died 7 July 1268) 		1 January 1253 – 7 July 1268
46 Lorenzo Tiepolo
(died 15 August 1275) 		1268–1275
47 Jacopo Contarini
(1194–1280) 		1275–1280
48 Giovanni Dandolo
(died 2 November 1289) 		31 March 1280 – 2 November 1289
49 Pietro Gradenigo
(c. 1231 – 3 July 1312) 		1289–1311
50 Marino Zorzi
(c. 1231 – 3 July 1312) 		1311–1312
51 Giovanni Soranzo
(1240 – 31 December 1328) 		1312–1328
52 Francesco Dandolo
(died 1339) 		1329–1339
53 Bartolomeo Gradenigo
(1263 – 28 December 1342) 		7 November 1339 – 28 December 1342
54 Andrea Dandolo
(1306 – 7 September 1354) 		1343 – 7 September 1354
55 Marino Faliero
(1274 – 17 April 1355) 		11 September 1354 – 15 April 1355 Convicted of treason, executed and condemned to damnatio memoriae.
56 Giovanni Gradenigo
(c. 1280 – 8 August 1356) 		21 April 1355 – 1361
57 Giovanni Dolfin
(c. 1303 – 12 July 1361) 		1355–1356
58 Lorenzo Celsi
(c. 1310 – 18 July 1365) 		1361–1365
59 Marco Cornaro
(c. 1286 – 13 January 1368) 		1365–1368
60 Andrea Contarini
(c. 1300/1302 – 5 June 1382) 		1367–1382
61 Michele Morosini
(1308 – 16 October 1382) 		10 June – 16 October 1382
62 Antonio Venier
(c. 1330 – 23 November 1400) 		1382–1400
63 Michele Steno
(1331 – 26 December 1413) 		1400–1413
64 Tommaso Mocenigo
(1343–1423) 		1414–1423
65 Francesco Foscari
(19 June 1373 – 1 November 1457) 		15 April 1423 – 22 October 1457 His reign was the longest of all Doges in Venetian history.

Was forced to abdicate by the Council of Ten.

66 Pasquale Malipiero
(1392 – 5 May 1462) 		1457–1462
67 Cristoforo Moro
(1390 – 10 November 1471) 		1462–1471
68 Nicolò Tron
(c. 1399–1473) 		1471–1473
69 Nicolò Marcello
(c. 1399 – 1 December 1474) 		13 August 1473 – 1 December 1474
70 Pietro Mocenigo
(1406–1476) 		14 December 1474 – 23 February 1476
71 Andrea Vendramin
(1393 – 5 May 1478) 		1476–1478
72 Giovanni Mocenigo
(1409 – 4 November 1485) 		1478–1485
73 Marco Barbarigo
(c. 1413 – 14 August 1486) 		1485–1486
74 Agostino Barbarigo
(3 June 1419 – 20 September 1501) 		1486–1501
75 Leonardo Loredan
(16 November 1436 – 22 June 1521) 		13 October 1501 – 22 June 1521
76 Antonio Grimani
(28 December 1434 – 7 May 1523) 		1521–1523
77 Andrea Gritti
(17 April 1455 – 28 December 1538) 		20 May 1523 – 28 December 1538
78 Pietro Lando
(Unknown) 		1538–1545
79 Francesco Donato
(Unknown) 		1545–1553
80 Marcantonio Trivisan
(1475–1554) 		1553–1554
81 Francesco Venier
(Unknown) 		1554–1556
82 Lorenzo Priuli
(1489 – 17 August 1559) 		1556–1559
83 Girolamo Priuli
(1486 – 4 November 1567) 		1559–1567
84 Pietro Loredan
(1481 – 3 May 1570) 		29 November 1567 – 3 May 1570
85 Alvise I Mocenigo
(26 October 1507 – 4 June 1577) 		1570–1577
86 Sebastiano Venier
(c. 1496 – 3 March 1578) 		1577–1578
87 Nicolò da Ponte
(15 January 1491 – 30 July 1585) 		1578–1585
88 Pasquale Cicogna
(Unknown) 		1585–1595
89 Marino Grimani
(1 July 1532 – 25 December 1605) 		26 April 1595 – 25 December 1605
90 Leonardo Donato
(12 February 1536 – 16 July 1612) 		10 January 1606 – 16 July 1612
91 Marcantonio Memmo
(11 November 1536 – 31 October 1615) 		24 July 1612 – 31 October 1615
92 Giovanni Bembo
(21 August 1543 – 16 March 1618) 		5 April 1618 – 8 May 1618
93 Nicolò Donato
(28 January 1539 – 8 May 1618) 		2 December 1615 – 8 May 1618
94 Antonio Priuli
(10 May 1548 – 12 August 1623) 		17 May 1618 – 12 August 1623
95 Francesco Contarini
(28 November 1556 – 6 December 1624) 		8 September 1623 – 6 December 1624
96 Giovanni I Cornaro
(11 November 1551 – 23 December 1629) 		24 January 1625 – 23 December 1629
97 Nicolò Contarini
(26 September 1553 – 2 April 1631) 		18 January 1630 – 2 April 1631
98 Francesco Erizzo
(18 February 1566 – Venice, 3 January 1646) 		10 April 1631 – 3 January 1646
99 Francesco Molin
(21 April 1575 – 27 February 1655) 		20 January 1646 – 27 February 1655
100 Carlo Contarini
(5 July 1580 – 1 May 1656) 		27 March 1655 – 1 May 1656
101 Francesco Cornaro
(6 March 1585 – 5 June 1656) 		17 May 1656 – 5 June 1656
102 Bertuccio Valier
(1 July 1596 – 29 March 1658) 		1656–1658
103 Giovanni Pesaro
(1 September 1589 – 30 September 1659) 		1658–1659
104 Domenico II Contarini
(28 January 1585 – 26 January 1675) 		1659–1675
105 Nicolò Sagredo
(8 December 1606 – 14 August 1676) 		1675–1676
106 Alvise Contarini
(24 October 1601 – 15 January 1684) 		26 August 1676 – 15 January 1684
107 Marcantonio Giustinian
(2 March 1619 – 23 March 1688) 		1684–1688
108 Francesco Morosini
(26 February 1619 – 16 January 1694) 		1688–1694
109 Silvestro Valier
(28 March 1630 – 7 July 1700) 		1694–1700
110 Alvise II Mocenigo
(3 January 1628 – 6 May 1709) 		1700–1709
111 Giovanni II Cornaro
(4 August 1647 – 12 August 1722) 		1709–1722
112 Sebastiano Mocenigo
(1662–1732) 		24 August 1722 – 21 May 1732
113 Carlo Ruzzini
(11 November 1653 – 5 January 1735) 		6 June 1732 – 5 January 1735
114 Alvise Pisani
(1 January 1664 – 17 June 1741) 		17 January 1735 – 17 June 1741
115 Pietro Grimani
(5 October 1677 – 7 March 1752) 		30 June 1741 – 7 March 1752
116 Francesco Loredan
(9 February 1685 – 19 May 1762) 		18 March 1752 – 19 May 1762
117 Marco Foscarini
(4 February 1696 – 31 March 1763) 		1762–1763
118 Alvise Giovanni Mocenigo
(1701 – 31 December 1778) 		1763 – 31 December 1778
119 Paolo Renier
(21 November 1710 – 13 February 1789) 		1779–1789
120 Ludovico Manin
(14 May 1725 – 24 October 1802) 		10 March 1789 – 12 May 1797 Forced to abdicate by Napoleon.

Legacy

After the Fall of the Republic of Venice, the position of Doge was abolished. Instead, from 1806 to 1866, a Podestà of Venice was appointed by the rulers of the city: Napoleon and the Habsburgs.

In 1860, the nascent Kingdom of Italy created the office of the Mayor of Venice (Sindaco di Venezia), chosen by the City council.

From 1946 to 1993, the Mayor of Venice was chosen by the City Council. Since 1993, under provisions of new local administration law, the Mayor of Venice has been chosen by popular election, originally every four and, later, every five years.

References

Bibliography

  • Norwich, John Julius. A History of Venice. New York: Vintage Books, 1989. ISBN 0-679-72197-5.
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