List of members of the 20 July plot

This is a list of members of the 20 July plot, a coup d'état which involved a failed attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler. At least 7,000 persons were arrested by the Gestapo. According to records of the Fuehrer Conferences on Naval Affairs, 4,980 persons were executed. Few of these are believed to be involved. The most prominent conspirators were ordered to be "hanged like cattle" by Hitler. At the Plötzensee prison, those persons were hung on symbolic meathooks with rope. Among those executed were two field marshals, 19 generals, 26 colonels, two ambassadors, seven diplomats, one minister, three secretaries of state, as well as the head of the Reich Police.

A

• Colonel Otto Armster (1891-1957), Head of the counter-intelligence ("Abwehr") station in Vienna; arrested on 23 July 1944.

B

• Colonel General Ludwig Beck, Chief of the German General Staff (1880–1944); voluntarily committed suicide when the plot failed. He was to be arrested whilst the other captives were to be executed under the order of Friedrich Fromm.
• Lieutenant Colonel Robert Bernardis (1908–1944) executed on 8 August 1944
• Count Albrecht Graf von Bernstorff, Foreign Minister of Prussia (1890–1945); executed by firing squad at Gestapo headquarters, 22 April 1945
• Count Gottfried Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen, Civil Governor of Potsdam (1901–1949)
• Major Count Hans-Jürgen von Blumenthal (1907–1944);
• Lieutenant Colonel (General Staff) Hasso von Boehmer (1904–1945)
• Lieutenant Colonel Baron Georg von Boeselager, cavalry officer (1915–1944)
• Lieutenant Colonel Baron Philipp von Boeselager, cavalry officer (1917–2008)
• Eugen Bolz, State President of Württemberg (1881–1945)
• Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Pastor and Theologian (1906–1945); executed by SS
• Klaus Bonhoeffer, Lawyer (1901–1945); executed by Gestapo, 22 April 1945
• Randolph von Breidbach-Bürresheim
• Dr. Eduard Brücklmeier, Diplomat (1903–1944)
• Major Baron Axel Freiherr von dem Bussche-Streithorst (1919–1993); made plans to assassinate Hitler with suicide bomb

C

• Oscar Caminecci, farmer
• Admiral Wilhelm Canaris, Chief of German Military Intelligence (1887–1945); hanged at Flossenburg concentration camp, 9 April 1945
• Walter Cramer, Industrialist; hanged at Plötzensee Prison, 14 November 1944

D

• Professor Alfred Delp, Pater S.J. (1907–1945); executed 2 February 1945
• Dr. Wilhelm Dieckmann, Ministry Official
• Major General Count Heinrich Graf zu Dohna-Schlobitten Chief of the Acting General Command
• Court official Hans von Dohnanyi (1902–1945); arrested for treason, 1943; executed 9 April 1945
• Lieutenant Hans Martin Dorsch
• Captain Max-Ulrich Graf von Drechsel

E

• Professor Fritz Elsas, Deputy Mayor of Berlin
• Lieutenant (General Staff) Karl-Heinz Engelhorn
• Lieutenant-Colonel Hans Otto Erdmann

F

• General Baron Alexander von Falkenhausen, Military Commander of Belgium and Northern France (1878–1966); freed by American troops from Niederhorf on 4 May 1945, before Gestapo could carry out death sentence; imprisoned until 1951 for war crimes
• General der Nachrichtentruppe Erich Fellgiebel, Chief of the Military Signals (1886–1944); in charge of cutting off communications on 20 July, hanged on 10 August 1944
• Colonel (General Staff) Eberhard Finckh, Chief Quartermaster to Günther Blumentritt (1899–1944)
• Professor Max Fleischmann
• Reinhold Frank, Lawyer
• Ehrengard Frank-Schultz
• Colonel (General Staff) Baron Wessel von Freytag-Loringhoven, (1899–1944), who provided the explosives for the plot
• Walter Frick, Salesman
• Colonel General Friedrich Fromm (1888–1945). Aware of the conspiracy, betrayed and executed conspirators, including Stauffenberg, on 20 July. He was arrested on orders of Himmler the next day, and executed by firing squad for "cowardice" on 19 March 1945

G

• Major General Reinhard Gehlen, Chief of Intelligence-Gathering on the Eastern Front
• Captain Ludwig Gehre
• Major General Rudolf Christoph Freiherr von Gersdorff (1905–1980), Chief of Intelligence for Field Marshal Günther von Kluge, planned suicide bomb attack for 21 March 1943
• Eugen Gerstenmaier (1906–1986), Consistory Councillor, subsequently Speaker of the Bundestag
• Hans Bernd Gisevius (1904–1974), Diplomat
• Erich Gloeden, Architect (born 23 August 1888 in Berlin); and Elisabeth Charlotte Gloeden, his wife, guillotined 30 November 1944, Plötzensee Prison.
• Dr. Carl Friedrich Goerdeler (1884–1945), Mayor of Leipzig; arrested 12 August 1944 in Konradswalde; hanged 2 February 1945
• Fritz Goerdeler, Municipal Chamberlain and Treasurer of Königsberg; brother of Carl Goerdeler, hanged February 1945
• Lieutenant Gereon Karl Goldmann (1916–2003) Franciscan novice, conveyed coded messages to the German delegation in Rome.
• Colonel (General Staff) Helmuth Groscurth
• Nikolaus Gross, Journalist (1898–1945)
• Baron Karl Ludwig Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg (1902–1945) publisher of The White Pages from 1934, arranged the first meeting of Carl Goerdeler and Ulrich von Hassell in 1939, Counterintelligence under Admiral Canaris, arrested by the Gestapo after 20 July 1944, murdered 23–24 April 1945

H

• Max Habermann, Christian syndicate leader
• Baron Hans Bernd von Haeften, Official in the Foreign Office, executed 15 August 1944, Plötzensee prison
• Lieutenant Werner von Haeften (1908–1944); Adjutant to Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg and fellow conspirator. Executed 20 July 1944, by firing squad on orders of General Fromm
• Syndic Albrecht von Hagen (1904–1944)
• Colonel Kurt Hahn
• Nikolaus-Christoph von Halem, Merchant (1905–1944)
• Eduard Hamm, Ministry Official (1879–1944)
• Colonel (General Staff) Georg Hansen
• Colonel (General Staff) Baron Bodo von Harbow
• Baron Ernst von Harnack, District President
• General-leutnant Paul von Hase, Commander of 56. Infanterie-Division and Commander of Berlin (1885–1944); among the first eight tried by the People's Court; hanged 8 August 1944
• Ulrich von Hassell, German Ambassador to Italy (1881–1944); executed 8 September 1944
• Theodor Haubach, SDP Politician
• Professor Albrecht-Georg Haushofer; executed by firing squad at Gestapo prison, 23 April 1945
• Major (General Staff) Egbert Hayessen
• Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, Chief of the Berlin Police; executed 15 August 1944 at Plötzensee Prison
• Major General Otto Herfurth, Chief of Staff of the III Military District; collaborated with, then betrayed, conspirators; hanged
• Andreas Hermes, Finance Minister of the Weimar Republic (1878–1964)
• Colonel General Erich Hoepner, Commander of Panzergruppe 4 (1886–1944); among the first eight hanged, 8 August 1944
• Colonel Caesar von Hofacker (1896–1944); testimony led to execution of General Erwin Rommel
• Major Roland von Hößlin
• Wilhelm Konrad Hossë
• Otto Hübener, Director of the insurance brokers Jauch & Hübener, hanged 21, 22 or 23 April 1945

J

• Colonel Friedrich Gustav Jaeger (1895–1944)
• Max Jennewein, technician
• Professor Jens-Peter Jessen
• Hans John, Lawyer
• Otto John (1909–1997), in 1954 while President of the Constitutional Protection, defected to East Germany.

K

• Hermann Kaiser, Grammar School Teacher
• Jakob Kaiser, CDU co-founder and Chairmen of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (DDR) (1888–1961)
• Franz Kempner, Retired Uinistry Official (Undersecretary of State)
• Albrecht von Kessel, Diplomat, Mission Adviser at the Vatican
• Otto Kiep, Envoy and Chief of the Reich Press Office (1886–1944), executed 23 August 1944, Plötzensee Prison
• Georg Conrad Kißling, Farmer
• Lieutenant Colonel Bernhard Klamroth, executed 15 August 1944 by hanging, Plötzensee Prison
• Major Hans Georg Klamroth (1898–1944); executed 26 August 1944 by hanging, Plötzensee Prison
• Captain Friedrich Karl Klausing (1920–1944)
• Ewald von Kleist-Schmenzin, Diplomat (1890–1945) Executed 16 April 1945
• Lieutenant Ewald-Heinrich von Kleist-Schmenzin Born in 1922, the last surviving member of 20 July plot.
• Major Gerhard Knaack
• Dr. Hans Koch, lawyer (1893–1945)
• Heinrich Körner, Union Leader
• Lieutenant Commander Alfred Kranzfelder
• Richard Kuenzer, Councillor
• Major Joachim Kuhn, (1913–1994)
• Elise Auguste Kutznitzki, née von Liliencron
• Elizabeth Kuznitzky, guillotined 30 November 1944, Plötzensee Prison

L

• Lieutenant Colonel Fritz von der Lancken, Headmaster of a Boarding School
• Carl Langbehn, Lawyer
• Dr. Julius Leber, Social Democratic politician (1891–1945)
• Count Heinrich Graf von Lehndorff-Steinort, Landowner. Executed 4 September 1944
• Syndic Dr. Paul Lejeune-Jung (1882–1944), executed 8 September 1944, Plötzensee prison
• Major Ludwig Freiherr von Leonrod
• Bernhard Letterhaus, Leader of the Catholic worker community (1894–1944)
• Franz Leuninger, Former Secretary General of the Christian Metal Workers' Association
• Wilhelm Leuschner, Minister for Internal Affairs of Hesse, executed 29 September 1944, Plötzensee prison
• General of the Artillery Fritz Lindemann, Commander of 132. Infanterie-Division
• Colonel (General Staff) Ottfried von Linstow
• Paul Löbe (1875–1967)
• Ewald Loeser (1888–1970)
• Ferdinand Freiherr von Lüninck, Governor of Westphalia
• Wilhelm Graf zu Lynar

M

• Hermann Maaß, Leading Social Democrat, executed 20 October 1944, Plötzensee Prison
• Colonel Count Rudolf Graf von Marogna-Redwitz, executed 12 October 1944, Plötzensee prison
• Karl Marks, Merchant
• Michael Graf von Matuschka, District President, executed 14 September 1944, Plötzensee Prison
• Colonel Joachim Meichßner, executed 29 September 1944, Plötzensee Prison
• Lieutenant Colonel (General Staff) Karl Michel
• Carlo Mierendorff, SPD (1897–1943)
• Joseph Müller, executed 11 September 1944, Brandenburg-Gőrden prison
• Dr. Otto Müller, Prelate
• Herbert Mumm von Schwarzenstein, Legation Councillor
• Lieutenant Colonel Ernst Munziger

N

• Arthur Nebe, Head of the National Police, executed 2 March 1945, Plötzensee prison
• Wilhelm zur Nieden, Local Government Building Officer, shot by Gestapo 23 April 1945

O

• Major (General Staff) Hans-Ulrich von Oertzen
• General (Lieutenant General) Friedrich Olbricht (1880–1944) Executed on orders of Colonel General Fromm, 20 July 1944
• Generalmajor (Brigadier General) Hans Oster hanged at Flossenburg with Admiral Canaris, 9 April 1945

P

• Friedrich Justus Perels, Legal Advisor of the Confessing Church
• Erwin Planck, Former Undersecretary of State (Max Planck's son)
• Kurt Freiherr von Plettenberg, Plenipotentiary of the former Royal House of Prussia (31 January 1891 – 10 March 1945; suicide in Gestapo arrest)
• Dr. Johannes Popitz, Prussian Minister of Finance; executed 2 February 1945, Plőtzensee prison

Q

• Colonel Baron Albrecht Mertz von Quirnheim (1905–1944) Executed on orders of Colonel General Fromm, 20 July 1944

R

• Cuno Raabe, Lawyer (1888–1971)
• General Friedrich von Rabenau, executed 15 April 1945, Flossenbŭrg concentration camp
• Lieutenant Colonel (General Staff) Karl Ernst Rathgens
• Professor Adolf Reichwein, Leading Social Democrat, executed 20 October 1944, Plőtzensee prison
• Colonel Baron Alexis Freiherr von Roenne, executed 12 October 1944, Plőtzensee prison
• Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel, 14 October 1944, believed to have had knowledge of the plot even if no direct involvement, forced suicide by Hitler

S

• Karl Sack, Judge Advocate General of the Army (1896–1945) executed 9 April, Flossenbürg concentration camp
• Lieutenant Colonel (General Staff) Joachim Sadrozinski
• Anton Saefkow
• Major Count Hans-Viktor Graf von Salviati
• First Lieutenant Fabian von Schlabrendorff, after the war Member of the Federal Constitutional Court (1907–1980)
• Professor Rüdiger Schleicher, shot on 23 April 1945, Berlin
• Ernst Wilhelm Schneppenhorst, former Minister of War
• Friedrich Scholz-Babisch, Farmer, executed 13 October 1944, Plötzensee prison
• Colonel Hermann Schöne
• Lieutenant Colonel Werner Schrader
• Count Friedrich Werner Graf von der Schulenburg, German Ambassador to Soviet Union. Executed 10 November 1944
• Count Fritz-Dietlof Graf von der Schulenburg, district president. Hanged 10 August 1944
• Colonel (General Staff) Georg Schultze-Büttger
• Ludwig Schwamb, Leading Social Democrat, executed 23 January 1945, Plötzensee prison
• Count Ulrich Wilhelm Graf Schwerin von Schwanenfeld, Landowner
• Hans-Ludwig Sierks, Local Government Building Officer
• Lieutenant Colonel (General Staff) Günther Smend, executed 8 September 1944, Plötzensee prison
• General Hans Speidel, Rommel's Chief of Staff, later Commander of NATO Ground Forces (1897–1984)
• Franz Sperr, legate, executed 23 January 1945, Plötzensee prison
• Colonel Wilhelm Staehle
• Count Berthold Schenk von Stauffenberg (1905–1944), Lawyer and brother of Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg, hanged 10 August 1944
• Count Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg (1907–1944), Colonel (General Staff) and brother of Berthold Schenk von Stauffenberg, shot at Bendlerblock
• Colonel (General Staff) Hans-Joachim Freiherr von Steinaecker
• Major General Helmuth Stieff, executed 8 August 1944, Plötzensee prison
• Theodor Strünck, iLawyer
• Colonel General Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel (1886–1944), executed 30 August 1944, Plötzensee prison
• Major Carl Szokoll

T

• Lieutenant Colonel Gustav Tellgmann
• Elisabeth von Thadden, headmistress of a boarding school, executed 8 September 1944 Plötzensee Prison
• Lieutenant General Fritz Thiele, executed 4 September 1944, Plötzensee prison
• Major Busso Thoma, executed 23 January 1945, Plötzensee prison
• General Georg Thomas
• General Karl Freiherr von Thüngen
• Lieutenant Colonel Gerd von Tresckow
• Major General Henning von Tresckow (1901–1944), suicide 21 July 1944
• Adam von Trott zu Solz, Legation Councillor, executed 26 August 1944, Plötzensee prison

U

• Colonel (retired) Nikolaus Graf von Üxküll-Gyllenband, 14 September 1944, Plötzensee prison

V

• Fritz Voigt, Police President of Breslau, executed 1 March 1945, Plötzensee prison
• Lieutenant Colonel Hans-Alexander von Voss

W

Carl Wentzel appearing before the Volksgerichtshof.

• General quartermaster of the army Eduard Wagner
• Colonel Siegfried Wagner
• Chaplain Hermann Josef Wehrle, executed 14 September 1944, Plötzensee Prison
• Carl Wentzel, executed 20 December 1944, Plötzensee Prison
• Joachim von Willisen, forester
• Josef Wirmer, Lawyer, executed 8 September 1944, Plötzensee Prison
• Oswald Wiersich, Labour Union Leader, executed 1 March 1945, Plötzensee Prison
• Field Marshal Erwin von Witzleben; executed 8 August 1944, Plötzensee Prison

Y

• Peter Yorck von Wartenburg, Ministry Official, executed 8 August 1944, Plötzensee Prison

Z

• General Gustav Heistermann von Ziehlberg, Commander of 28. Jäger-Division