NFKBIE

Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, epsilon
Identifiers
Symbols	NFKBIE; IKBE
External IDs	OMIM: 604548 MGI: 1194908 HomoloGene: 36160 GeneCards: NFKBIE Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • protein binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • Golgi apparatus • perinuclear region of cytoplasm Biological process • D-serine transport • cytoplasmic sequestering of transcription factor Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	4794	18037
Ensembl	ENSG00000146232	ENSMUSG00000023947
UniProt	O00221	Q3U9Q0
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004556	NM_008690.3
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004547	NP_032716.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 44.23 – 44.23 Mb	Chr 17: 45.69 – 45.7 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, epsilon, also known as NFKBIE, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the NFKBIE gene.

Function

NFKBIE protein expression is up-regulated following NF-κB activation and during myelopoiesis. NFKBIE is able to inhibit NF-κB-directed transactivation via cytoplasmic retention of REL proteins.

NFKB1 or NFKB2 is bound to REL, RELA, or RELB to form the NF-κB transcription factor complex. The NFKB complex is inhibited by I-kappa-B proteins (NFKBIA or NFKBIB), which inactivate NF-kappa-B by trapping it in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of serine residues on the I-kappa-B proteins by kinases (IKBKA, or IKBKB) marks them for destruction via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby allowing activation of the NF-kappa-B complex. Activated NFKB complex translocates into the nucleus and binds DNA at kappa-B-binding motifs such as 5-prime GGGRNNYYCC 3-prime or 5-prime HGGARNYYCC 3-prime (where H is A, C, or T; R is an A or G purine; and Y is a C or T pyrimidine). For some genes, activation requires NFKB interaction with other transcription factors, such as STAT (see STAT6), AP-1 (JUN), and NFAT (see NFATC1).

Interactions

NFKBIE has been shown to interact with NFKB2, RELA, NFKB1 and REL.

Further reading

• Hansen SK, Baeuerle PA, Blasi F (1994). "Purification, reconstitution, and I kappa B association of the c-Rel-p65 (RelA) complex, a strong activator of transcription.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (4): 2593–603. PMC 358627. PMID 8139561. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=358627. 
• Kumar S, Gélinas C (1993). "I kappa B alpha-mediated inhibition of v-Rel DNA binding requires direct interaction with the RXXRXRXXC Rel/kappa B DNA-binding motif.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (19): 8962–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.19.8962. PMC 47481. PMID 8415639. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=47481. 
• Whiteside ST, Epinat JC, Rice NR, Israël A (1997). "I kappa B epsilon, a novel member of the I kappa B family, controls RelA and cRel NF-kappa B activity.". EMBO J. 16 (6): 1413–26. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.6.1413. PMC 1169738. PMID 9135156. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1169738. 
• Curristin SM, Bird KJ, Tubbs RJ, Ruddell A (1997). "VBP and RelA regulate avian leukosis virus long terminal repeat-enhanced transcription in B cells.". J. Virol. 71 (8): 5972–81. PMC 191853. PMID 9223487. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=191853. 
• Li Z, Nabel GJ (1997). "A new member of the I kappaB protein family, I kappaB epsilon, inhibits RelA (p65)-mediated NF-kappaB transcription.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (10): 6184–90. PMC 232469. PMID 9315679. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=232469. 
• Spiecker M, Darius H, Liao JK (2000). "A functional role of I kappa B-epsilon in endothelial cell activation.". J. Immunol. 164 (6): 3316–22. PMID 10706725. 
• Bourke E, Kennedy EJ, Moynagh PN (2001). "Loss of Ikappa B-beta is associated with prolonged NF-kappa B activity in human glial cells.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (51): 39996–40002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007693200. PMID 10998424. 
• Lee SH, Hannink M (2002). "Characterization of the nuclear import and export functions of Ikappa B(epsilon).". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (26): 23358–66. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111559200. PMID 11970947. 
• Bruno ME, Borchers CH, Dial JM, et al. (2002). "Effects of TCDD upon IkappaB and IKK subunits localized in microsomes by proteomics.". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 406 (2): 153–64. doi:10.1016/S0003-9861(02)00452-6. PMID 12361703. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Emmerich F, Theurich S, Hummel M, et al. (2004). "Inactivating I kappa B epsilon mutations in Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cells.". J. Pathol. 201 (3): 413–20. doi:10.1002/path.1454. PMID 14595753. 
• Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, et al. (2004). "A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway.". Nat. Cell Biol. 6 (2): 97–105. doi:10.1038/ncb1086. PMID 14743216. 
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network.". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. 
• Nasu-Nishimura Y, Hayashi T, Ohishi T, et al. (2006). "Role of the Rho GTPase-activating protein RICS in neurite outgrowth.". Genes Cells 11 (6): 607–14. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2443.2006.00966.x. PMID 16716191. 
• Stefansson B, Brautigan DL (2006). "Protein phosphatase 6 subunit with conserved Sit4-associated protein domain targets IkappaBepsilon.". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (32): 22624–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.M601772200. PMID 16769727. 
• Chapman SJ, Khor CC, Vannberg FO, et al. (2007). "IkappaB genetic polymorphisms and invasive pneumococcal disease.". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 176 (2): 181–7. doi:10.1164/rccm.200702-169OC. PMID 17463416.