Phyllite

Phyllite

Photomicrograph of thin section of phyllite (in cross polarised light)

Phyllite is a type of foliated metamorphic rock created from slate that is further metamorphosed so that very fine grained white mica achieves a preferred orientation. It is primarily composed of quartz, sericite mica, and chlorite.^{[citation needed]}

Phyllite has fine-grained mica flakes in a preferred orientation, whereas slate has extremely fine clay flakes that achieve a preferred orientation, and schist has large mica flakes in a preferred orientation. Among foliated metamorphic rocks, it represents a gradation in the degree of metamorphism between slate and schist.^{[citation needed]}

The minute crystals of graphite,^{[citation needed]} sericite,^{[citation needed]}, or chlorite^{[citation needed]}, or the translucent fine-grained white mica, impart a silky, sometimes golden^{[citation needed]} sheen to the surfaces of cleavage, called "phyllitic luster".

The word comes from the Greek phyllon, meaning "leaf".

The protolith (or parent rock) for phyllite is shale or pelite, or slate, which in turn came from a shale protolith. Its constituent platy minerals are larger than those in slate but are not visible with the naked eye. Phyllites are said to have a "phyllitic texture" and are usually classified as having a low grade in the regional metamorphic facies.

Phyllite has a good fissility (a tendency to split into sheets) and will form under low grade metamorphic conditions. Phyllites are usually black to gray or light greenish gray in color. The foliation is commonly crinkled or wavy in appearance.

Phyllite is commonly found in the Dalradian metasediments of northwest Arran.