Republicans (Brazil)

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Republicans
Republicanos
AbbreviationREP
PresidentMarcos Pereira
Secretary-GeneralEvandro Garla
Founded16 December 2003; 20 years ago (2003-12-16)
Registered25 August 2005; 18 years ago (2005-08-25)
HeadquartersSDS-Setor de Diversão Sul-Ed. Miguel Badia, 30-Bloco L-3º Andar, Sala 320-Brasília/DF, Brazil
Youth wingJovens Republicanos
Membership389,216[1]
IdeologySocial conservatism
Christian right
Brazilian nationalism
Economic liberalism[2]
Municipalism
Political positionRight-wing
ReligionCatholic Church (majority)[3][4]
Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (supported)[5]
Colours  Navy Blue
  Green
  Yellow
Slogan"The real conservative party of Brazil"
TSE Identification Number10
Mayors
212 / 5,570
Chamber of Deputies
41 / 513
Federal Senate
3 / 81
Mercosur Parliament
3 / 38
State Assemblies
42 / 1,024
City Councillors
2,601 / 56,810
Website
www.republicanos10.org.br

Republicans[6] (Portuguese: Republicanos), formerly known as Brazilian Republican Party (Portuguese: Partido Republicano Brasileiro) and formed as Renovator Municipalist Party (Portuguese: Partido Municipalista Renovador) is a Brazilian political party. Its electoral number is 10 and it became a registered political party on August 25, 2005. Its founders included Bishop Marcelo Crivella, who had been elected in 2002 as a senator representing the Liberal Party, from the state of Rio de Janeiro. The party has a strong association with the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God.[7][8]

History

Founded in 2005, the Brazilian Republican Party first fought against President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, then rallied behind him after his re-election in 2006. According to one study, the PRB has been supportive of the Lula da Silva and Rousseff presidencies “on the basis of their concern for social democracy and for eliminating inequality.”[9] Lula's Vice President José Alencar moved to PRB on 2005 after leaving the Liberal Party. However, later PRB started to join the new rising wave conservativism and anti-petism[10][11] in Brazil and all of the PRB's deputies voted in favor of Dilma's impeachment.

They then supported the government of Michel Temer. In the 2018 presidential election, the Brazilian Republican Party supports the candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party, Geraldo Alckmin. Currently the party supports President Jair Bolsonaro,[10] joining him due strong ideological affinity.[10] For the 2022 Brazilian general election, the Republicans formed a coalition with the Liberal Party (PL) and the Progressives (PP) in order to support Jair Bolsonaro's 2022 presidential campaign.[12][13] Candidates launched by the Republicans had their image heavily associated and sometimes were endorsed by Bolsonaro.

In August 2019 the Brazilian Republican Party changed its name into Republicanos.[7] Justifying as "the name change reinforces the reformulation of the party's program and statute, “consolidating the position as a party conservative in customs and liberal in the economy”,[2] seeking to emulate the American Republican Party.[14] The name change came with an manifesto adopting a resolute socially conservative position defending christian values, the traditional family and private property.[11]

Participation

The party leader as of 2015 was Vitor Paulo dos Santos.

The party's most important members are Bishop Marcelo Crivella, Rio de Janeiro senator and nephew of Universal's founder Bishop Edir Macedo, journalist Celso Russomanno[15] and former Vice-President José Alencar. Famous football player Ronaldinho, also known as Ronaldo de Assis Moreira, joined the party in March 2018.[16]

Ideology

Some commentators say that the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG), a neo-charismatic church that is organized like a business enterprise, has used the party as a base for its bishops to run for political office. The emeritus professor of political sciences from the University of Brasília, David Fleischer, says: "The PRB is an evangelical party."[8] Several members, such as Celso Russomanno,[15] are Catholic. Several leading members, such as Edir Macedo and Marcelo Crivella, have expressed statements of Christian fundamentalism and religious intolerance. A UN report accused members of the UCKG of verbal and physical attacks on members of the Umbanda and Candomblé religions.[17] Macedo considered participating in presidential elections in order to transform Brazil into a theocratic state.[17]

As mayor of Rio de Janeiro, Crivella called the Carnival of Rio de Janeiro an "un-Christian excess" and ordered severe financial cuts for the organisers.[18] Furthermore, he is known for statements of religious intolerance. In his 1999 book Evangelizing Africa, he claimed that homosexuality is a "terrible evil," that Catholics are "demonic", that African religions are based on "evil spirits," and that Hindus drink their children's blood.[19][20] He has since tried to distance himself from the book, saying that it was the work of a young, immature missionary.[19]

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election Candidate Running mate Coalition First round Second round Result
Votes % Votes %
2006 Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) José Alencar (PRB) PT; PRB; PCdoB 46,662,365 48.6% (#1) 58,295,042 60.8% (#1) Elected Green tickY
2010 Dilma Rousseff (PT) Michel Temer (PMDB) PT; PMDB; PR; PSB; PDT; PCdoB; PSC; PRB; PTC; PTN 47,651,434 46.9% (#1) 55,752,529 56.1% (#1) Elected Green tickY
2014 PT; PMDB; PSD; PP; PR; PDT; PRB; PROS; PCdoB 43,267,668 41.6% (#1) 54,501,118 51.6 % (#1) Elected Green tickY
2018 Geraldo Alckmin (PSDB) Ana Amélia (PP) PSDB; PP; PR; PRB; PSD; SD; DEM; PTB; PPS 5,096,350 4,76% (#4) - - Lost Red XN
2022 Jair Bolsonaro (PL) Walter Braga Netto (PL) PL; PP; Republicanos 51,072,345 43,2% (#2) 58,206,354 49,1% (#2) Lost Red XN
Source: Election Resources: Federal Elections in Brazil – Results Lookup

Legislative elections

Election Chamber of Deputies Federal Senate Role in government
Votes % Seats +/– Votes % Seats +/–
2006 244,059 0.26%
1 / 513
 New 264,155 0.31%
2 / 81
 New Coalition
2010 1,633,500 1.69%
7 / 513
 Increase 6 3,332,886 1.96%
1 / 81
 Decrease 1 Coalition
2014 4,423,993 4.55%
21 / 513
 Increase 13 301,162 0.34%
1 / 81
 Steady 0 Coalition
2018 4,992,016 5.08%
30 / 513
 Increase 9 1,505,607 0.88%
1 / 81
 Steady 0 Coalition
2022 7,618,108 6.91%
41 / 513
 Increase 11 4,259,279 4.19%
3 / 81
 Increase 2 TBA
Sources: Election Resources, Dados Eleitorais do Brasil (1982–2006)

Notable members

Current

Former

References

  1. ^ http://inter04.tse.jus.br/ords/dwtse/f?p=2001:104:::NO::: [dead link]
  2. ^ a b "PRB passa a se chamar "Republicanos"". Congresso em Foco (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2019-08-16. Retrieved 2022-10-23.
  3. ^ "Russomanno, o católico - Opinião". Estadão.
  4. ^ SP, Do G1 (September 20, 2012). "Russomanno é entrevistado pelo SPTV". Eleições 2012 em São Paulo.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ "MEC autoriza funcionamento de faculdade de partido ligado à Universal - Política". Estadão.
  6. ^ "TSE autoriza mudança do PRB para Republicanos" (in Portuguese). Poder360. 15 August 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
  7. ^ a b "TSE autoriza mudança do PRB para Republicanos". Poder360 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2019-08-15. Retrieved 2019-10-22.
  8. ^ a b Phillips, Dom (March 21, 2018). "Brazil World Cup winner Ronaldinho joins evangelical conservative party" – via www.theguardian.com.
  9. ^ Lansford, Tom (2014-03-20). Political Handbook of the World 2014. ISBN 9781483386263.
  10. ^ a b c "Anne Vigna, "Brazil's religious-media-political complex"".
  11. ^ a b Maia, Dominique (2022-07-06). "História do Republicanos: o verdadeiro Partido Conservador? | Politize!" (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-18.
  12. ^ "Em ato com Bolsonaro e líderes do Centrão, PP aprova aliança com PL e apoio à reeleição do presidente". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-23.
  13. ^ "Partido Republicanos oficializa apoio à candidatura de Jair Bolsonaro". Agência Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-07-30. Retrieved 2022-10-23.
  14. ^ "PRB anuncia mudança para Republicanos e será 8º partido a trocar de nome". VEJA (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-10-23.
  15. ^ a b "Longe do PP, Celso Russomanno diz que eleitorado de Maluf é bem-vindo". JB. 8 May 2012.
  16. ^ "Brazil World Cup winner Ronaldinho joins evangelical conservative party". the Guardian. March 21, 2018.
  17. ^ a b Frayssinet, Fabiana (3 July 2009). "RELIGION-BRAZIL: Intolerance Denounced At UN". Interpress Service.
  18. ^ Philipp Lichterbeck: Brasilien: Droht dem Karneval das Aus? In: Der Tagesspiegel 19 December 2017
  19. ^ a b Leahy, Joe (October 24, 2016). "Brazil's evangelicals push politics to the right". Financial Times. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  20. ^ Samuels, Gabriel (November 2, 2016). "Rio de Janeiro elects mayor who said homosexuality is 'evil'". The Independent. Retrieved March 15, 2018.

External links

First Numbers of Brazilian Official Political Parties
10 - REPUBLICANOS 		Succeeded by
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