Sinhalisation
Sinhalisation is a term, derived from Sinhala, that has number of meanings in Sri Lanka.
Sociological
In a sociological context it could refer to the assimilation of ethno-cultural minorities in Sri Lanka such as the Sri Lankan Tamils, Colombo Chetties and indigenous Veddas into the majority Sinhalese identity,[1] especially with respect to Sinhalese-speaking Catholics of the coastal areas of the island nation.[2]
Many noted elite [elite] families of foreign origins were supposedly Sinhalised during the pre-colonial period. [3] (see abstract here)
Political
In a political context it could refer to the Sinhala language-favouring policies [PS]of the post colonial governments of Sri Lanka that is considered to be a major cause [4] of the Sri Lankan civil war. It is termed as culturo-ideological exclusivism by some[who?] when one's cultural values and norms are absolutised in such a manner that a particular way of life is enshrined as superior to all others and must therefore be adopted by others (e.g. the Tamil reaction to the perceived "Sinhalisation" processes of the Sri Lankan state)[5]
It was said to be a cause of the abortive coup by disgruntled Catholic army officers in 1962. [6]
Currently some observers note that Sri Lankan political parties such as JHU and JVP adhere to a policy of political Sinhalisation. [7]
The Term usage in India
Media in India use the word "Sinhalisation" to refer to the process by which the Sri Lankan government funded and sponsored settlement of Sinhala people in Tamil-dominant regions in order to make Tamil as minorities. Some reports claims that the Sinhalese and Sinhala military families are settled in houses built by money from the Indian government that was intended to improve the welfare of the Tamil people.[8][9] [10][11]
Notes
^ elite: The late President J. R. Jayawardene's first paternal ancestor was a Colombo Chetty and there is an excerpt from the biography of J.R., authored by Prof. K.M. De Silva & Howard Wriggins, in support of this. Don Adrian Jayawardene, J.R.'s paternal great-grandfather, descended from a Chetty family, but two or three generations earlier, a male of this family had married a Sinhalese by the name of Jayawardene from the village of Walgama near Hanwella and had taken on the name of Jayewardene and by the time Don Adrian arrived on the scene at the tail-end of the 18th century, the process of 'Sinhalisation' of his family had been completed.[1]
^ PS: Sri Lanka’s nation-building programme became intimately linked with a Sinhalisation of the state directive. It was expected that the minorities would be assimilated into this new Sinhalese Buddhist nation-state. Moreover, the 1956 election marked the beginning of an era of ethnically-based party politics. [2]
See also
References
- ^ Susantha Goonetilleke, Sinhalisation: Migration or Cultural Colonization? Lanka Guardian Vol. 3, No. I, May I, 1980, pp. 22-29, and May 15 1980, pp. 18-19.
- ^ Power and Religiosity in a Post-Colonial Setting: Sinhala Catholics in Contemporary Sri Lanka by R. L. Stirrat American Ethnologist, Vol. 22, No. 2 (May, 1995), pp. 428-429
- ^ "History of the Colombo Chetties" by Deshabandu Reggie Candappa published in December, 2000
- ^ "How it Came to This – Learning from Sri Lanka's Civil Wars By Professor John Richardson" (PDF). paradisepoisoned.com. Retrieved 2006-03-30.
- ^ "Ethnic Identity, National Identity and the Search for Unity" (PDF). World Council of Churches. Retrieved 2006-03-30.
- ^ "Significance of the abortive 1962 military coup". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2006-03-30.
- ^ "The Human Rights and Humanitarian Fallout from the Sri Lankan Government's Eastern Agenda and the LTTE's Obduracy". UTHR. Retrieved 2006-03-30.
- ^ "TamilNet: 23.04.13 Indian news magazine highlights accelerated Sinhalization of Tamil north". UTHR. Retrieved 2013-04-23.
- ^ "Exclusive: Erasing the cultural leftover of Tamils to convert Sri Lanka into Sinhala country". UTHR. Retrieved 2013-04-23.
- ^ "New military colonies in Murukandi; Sinhalization in Puthumathalan". UTHR. Retrieved 2013-04-23.
- ^ "Salt on Old Wounds: The systematic Sinhalization of Sri Lanka`s North, East, the historic habitat of the Tamil speaking people". UTHR. Retrieved 2013-04-23.