Thomas Percy, 7th Earl of Northumberland

Thomas Percy
Earl of Northumberland
Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland by Steven van der Meulen, 1566.
Born	1528
Died	22 August 1572 York, Kingdom of England
Noble family	House of Percy
Spouse(s)	Anne Somerset
Issue	Thomas Percy Elizabeth Percy Joan Percy Lucy Percy Mary Percy
Father	Sir Thomas Percy
Mother	Eleanor Harbottal

Thomas Percy, 7th Earl of Northumberland, 1st Baron Percy, KG (1528 – 22 August 1572), led the Rising of the North and was executed for treason. He was later beatified by the Catholic Church.

Early life

Percy was the eldest son of Sir Thomas Percy and Eleanor, daughter of Sir Guiscard Harbottal. He was the nephew of Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland, with whom Anne Boleyn had a romantic association before she became the wife of King Henry VIII. When Thomas was eight years old his father was executed at Tyburn (2 June 1537) for having taken a leading part in the Pilgrimage of Grace, and he also is considered a martyr by many. Thomas and his brother Henry were then removed from their mother's keeping and entrusted to Sir Thomas Tempest.

In 1549, when Thomas Percy came of age, an Act was passed "for the restitution in blood of Mr. Thomas Percy". Shortly afterwards he was knighted, and, three years later, in Queen Mary's reign, he regained his ancestral honours and lands. Declared governor of Prudhoe Castle he besieged and took Scarborough Castle, which was seized by rebels in 1557. In reward the he was granted the title of Earl of Northumberland and the Baronies of Percy, Poynings, Lucy, Bryan, and Fitzpane were restored to him. He was installed at Whitehall with great pomp, and soon after was named Warden General of the Marches, in which capacity he fought and defeated the Scots. In 1558 he married Anne Somerset, daughter of Henry Somerset, 2nd Earl of Worcester.

Life under Elizabeth's Reign

On Elizabeth's accession the earl, whose loyalty to the Catholic Church was known, was kept in the North while the anti-Catholic measures of Elizabeth's first Parliament were passed. Elizabeth continued to show him favour, and in 1563 gave him the Order of the Garter. He had then resigned the wardenship and was living in the South. But the systematic persecution of the Catholics rendered their position most difficult, and in the autumn of 1569 the Catholic gentry in the North, stirred up by rumours of the approaching excommunication of Elizabeth, were planning to liberate Mary, Queen of Scots, and obtain liberty of worship. Earl Thomas with the Earl of Westmorland wrote to the pope asking for advice, but before their letter reached Rome circumstances hurried them into action against their better judgment. After the Rising of the North failed, Thomas fled to Scotland, where he was captured by the Earl of Morton, one of the leading Scottish nobles. After three years, he was sold to the English Government for two thousand pounds. He was conducted to York and beheaded in a public execution, refusing an offer to save his life by renouncing Catholicism. His wife survived him, as did four daughters who were his co-heirs. The earldom passed to his brother.

Beatification

He was beatified by Leo XIII on 13 May 1895, and his festival was appointed to be observed in the Diocese of Hexham and Newcastle on 14 November.

Children

He and Lady Anne Somerset were parents to five children:

• Thomas Percy, Baron Percy (d. 1560).
• Elizabeth Percy. Married Richard Woodroffe of Woolley son of Francis Woodroffe.
• Joan Percy. Married Lord Henry Seymour. He was a younger son of Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset and his wife Anne Stanhope.
• Lucy Percy. Married Edward Stanley of Tong Castle, the son of Sir Thomas Stanley and his wife Margaret Vernon
• Mary Percy (11 June 1570 - 1643). A nun. Founder of Benedictine Dames in Brussels from which nearly all the existing houses of Benedictine nuns in England are descended.

External links

• Entry in Catholic.org

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Bl. Thomas Percy". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.