Uromi

Uromi
Uromi
Town
	Uromi Main Market
	Uromi Location of Uromi in Nigeria
	Coordinates: 6°42′N 6°20′E / 6.7°N 6.33°E
Country	Nigeria
State	Edo State
LGA	Esan North-East
Time zone	UTC+1 (WAT)

Uromi is a city located in north-eastern Esan, a sub-ethnic group of the Edo people in Edo state, Nigeria. At various points in Uromi's history, the city and people have been known for their resilience and strength. The people of Uromi, led by Agba N'Ojie resisted the Benin Empire expansionism during the reign of Oba Ozolua. They were also at the forefront of the resistance of the British invasion of Esanland.

History

Uromi, originally known as 'Uronmun', is the most populated area in Esanland,^[1] settled by several waves of people. The first wave consisted of the aborigines who were believed to have settled in the various autonomous villages, from the present day central Nigeria. These settlements date as far back as 100 AD. The villages had a system of gerontocracy where the eldest man was the head. Then other migrants poured in from various places in present day Esanland, Ifeku Island and Benin. The Kingdom itself was formed by around the 1100 AD to 1200 AD.

The Kingdom is headed by a King who is known as Onojie in Esan language. The present King of the town is HRH, the Ojiuromi (Ojie Uromi) Anslem Okojie Aidenojie II.

Uromi is a conurbation of villages divided into three groups, recognized as Okhiode, Obiruan and Obiyon.

The villages of Okhiode

Consisting of:

Eguare
Egbele
Onewa
Utako
Unuwazi
Arue and Isua
Uje Oror

The villages of Obiruan

Consisting of:

Ebhoiyi
Efandion
Ekhue
Ubierumu^[2]
Eror
Obeidu
Uwalor
Idumoza
Ivue
Idumhengan Ebhoyi
Eko-Ibadin
Uwalor Okpere

The villages of Obiyon

Consisting of:

Ukoni
Amedeokhian
Awo

Eguare, the seat of the Onojie of Uromi, is made up of seven villages, namely:

Ikekiala
Okpujie
Oyomon
Odigule
Okhieren
Uwalor-Okpere
Uwalor-Usogho
Idejie

The seven villages have the responsibility of crowning a new king.

Economy

A large percentage of the economy of Uromi is derived from local farming and trading, with some contribution from the government's budget. Uromi's productive farm output is mainly the result of its situation in a rain forest zone, its loamy soil type and its topography.

Uromi also has a good number of markets that provide opportunities for local farmers to trade their farm products. The Uromi Main Market has good, portable lock-up stores. Although officially market day is held at four-day intervals, the Uromi Main Market operates daily from morning to late evening. Across Uromi, there may be up to three markets in each village, with some village markets functioning at four-day intervals, while others trade every day.

Apart from farming and trading, other business transactions take place on a daily basis. In Eguare, there are many business offices both in the government-owned business sector and in the privately owned business sectors. Some examples of financial businesses include the Union Bank, United Bank for Africa (UBA), First Bank of Nigeria, Unity Bank, Zenith Bank, EcoBank, Fidelity Bank, Uromi Community Bank, and other monetary firms like the Uromi Microfinance Bank, etc.

Uromi is home to the Institute of Construction Technology and Management (NICTM) situated on Uromi-Ugboha Road. The NICTM provides a wide range of courses, including Computer Science and Civil Engineering.^[3] Additionally, Uromi is also host to the Uromi Technical College located in Onewa Village.^[4]

Religion and belief

Uromi traditional religion has many similarities to the Bini traditional religion,^[5] even though Westernization has caused Christianity and Islamic influence. And of course, this is because originally the Esans hails from the Benin Kingdom.

Esan religion has so many deities, which among them are:

Osanobua: which actually is the main and really Edo-Esan god. This name was adopted into Christianity as God, and thus the meaning and the translation for God in Esanland is Osanobua.

Eshu: This is the Esan trickster god. This god is related with the Yoruba and Edo myth. This name "Eshu" was also adopted into the Western religion, which is translated as Satan by Christian missionaries.

Osun: This is the Esan god of medicine. This god can also be said to be related to the Yoruba deity (known as Osun). This is where the surname "Olokun" known as the "son of medicine" originated from.

Festivals

Talking about Uromi, we must mention some of the traditional festivals with the knowledge that Uromi people value their tradition so much. Speaking on one of the festivals known as OTO-UROMI and briefly on Amukpe.

As the name implies, Oto-Uromi (Uromi land) is celebrated in the month of July or early August. This celebration is done to appease the land of Uromi in order for good harvest. The date for this festival is always a market day, fixed by the Onojie of Uromi who acts on the advice of his Chiefs. The people are given a notice of 15 days after the announcement of the date for the purpose of preparation.

It is a custom that no one goes to the farm on the day of celebration. The ceremony is performed on a chosen spot by Iwienbola people. To appease the land or the soil, these items are brought; Four sticks of chalk, four kola-nuts, cowries, ripe pumpkin and a dog. The people merry, sharing gifts among themselves, most especially, in every home, women send gift to their husbands for giving them portion of the farm for the year. After the festival, the Onojie of Uromi summons his elders and chiefs and through them appreciates the people for making the celebration a success.

Another festival celebrated in Uromi is the Amukpe festival which is celebrated yearly during the month of August. It is always a day celebration which is meant to usher in new yams.

Geography

The city of Uromi lies in north-eastern Esan in Edo State, Nigeria, located on longitude 3° 24' E and latitude 6° 27' N. Almost the whole of the city is covered with land^[6].^{[citation needed]}

Climate

The climate in Uromi is similar to that of the rest of southern Nigeria. There are two rainy seasons, with the heaviest rains falling from April to July and a weaker rainy season in October and November. There is a brief relatively dry spell in August and September and a longer dry season from December to March. Monthly rainfall between May and July averages over 300 mm (12 in), while in August and September it is down to 75 mm (3 inches) and in January as low as 35 mm (1.5 inches). The main dry season is accompanied by harmattan winds from the Sahara Desert, which between December and early February can be quite strong. The average temperature in January is 27 °C (79 °F) and for July it is 25 °C (77 °F). On average the hottest month is March; with a mean temperature of 29 °C (84 °F); while July is the coolest month.^[7]

Politics and government

Uromi is not a municipality and has therefore no overall city administration or governance but instead, it is run by the Local government council headed by a Chairman.

Uromi is not a local government but is the seat of the local government council governing the Esan North-East local government area. The administration of the government of Uromi is divided into eleven (11) wards. Each ward delegates a Councillor who represents it at its local council election who is normally tenured for four years.

Notable people

Chief Anthony Enahoro
Chief Tony Anenih^[8]
Cardinal Anthony Olubunmi Okogie
Chris Aire
Dr. Robert S. Okojie (research scientist, NASA)^[9]
Benita Okojie (Gospel singer, actress and songwriter)

Kingship

The Uromi kingdom is a monarchical territory headed by a king (Onojie) who handles the leadership of the kingdom. The leadership in the Uromi kingdom is a hereditary monarchy system. The king is the monarch who rules with the body of chiefs who assist the king in the leadership of the kingdom.^{[citation needed]}

List of Kings of Uromi kingdom

Ijiesan
Ozogbo
Aiwogho
Uwaifo
Agba I
Aigbojie
Ikhimhin
Ehidiamen
Aisiokuo
Ikiesan
Agba N’Ojie
Ikenoa
Ehenoa
Ikhivabhojere
Okuoye
Ikhize
Ikhimigbale
Uwagbo
Ediale
Akhilomen
Okolo N’Ojie
Ogbidi Okojie
Uwagbale
Edenojie Okojie I
Omelimen Edenojie I
Anslem Edenojie II

The different villages of Uromi are led by the Elders of the individual villages who are responsible to the king. The council of Elders are headed by an indigenous elderly man who by birth is eldest among all the male indigenes. The council of elders have their own legislative authority and so are able to mete out punishment to offenders within their designation.^{[citation needed]}