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{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| image = Exocetus mento Day Mintern 121.jpg
| image = Exocetus mento Day Mintern 121.jpg
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*''Exocoetus mesogaster'' <small>[[Marcus Elieser Bloch|Bloch]], 1795</small>
*''Exocoetus mesogaster'' <small>[[Marcus Elieser Bloch|Bloch]], 1795</small>
*''Exocoetus gryllus'' <small>[[Carl Benjamin Klunzinger|Klunzinger]], 1871</small>
*''Exocoetus gryllus'' <small>[[Carl Benjamin Klunzinger|Klunzinger]], 1871</small>
| synonyms_ref = <ref name = Fishbase/>
}}
}}
'''''Parexocoetus mento'''''; also known as the '''African sailfin flying fish''', '''Cuvier's flying fish''', the '''yellow belly flying fish''' or the '''short-winged flying fish'''; is a species of [[flying fish]] from the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Exocoetidae]] which is found in the [[Indo-pacific]] region and which has colonised the eastern Mediterranean.
'''''Parexocoetus mento'''''; also known as the '''African sailfin flying fish''', '''Cuvier's flying fish''', the '''yellow belly flying fish''' or the '''short-winged flying fish'''; is a species of [[flying fish]] from the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Exocoetidae]] which is found in the [[Indo-pacific]] region and which has colonised the eastern Mediterranean.


==Description==
==Description==
''Parexocoetus mento'' has an elongate body which is compressed and rounded ventrally. The [[lateral line]] has a pectoral branch. It has a protrusible upper jaw. The long [[pectoral fin]]s reach the [[anal fin]] when folded but do not extend beyond it while the medium-sized [[pelvic fin]]s do not extend far beyond the origin of the anal fin and are situated closer to it than they are to the pectoral fins. They are iridescent greenish-blue above and silvery below while the [[dorsal fin]] has a lot of black in it and the pectoral fins are greyish. It grows to a length of around to {{convert|10|cm|in}}.>ref name = MSIP/>
''Parexocoetus mento'' has an elongate body which is compressed and rounded ventrally. The [[lateral line]] has a pectoral branch. It has a protrusible upper jaw. The long [[pectoral fin]]s reach the [[anal fin]] when folded but do not extend beyond it while the medium-sized [[pelvic fin]]s do not extend far beyond the origin of the anal fin and are situated closer to it than they are to the pectoral fins. They are iridescent greenish-blue above and silvery below while the [[dorsal fin]] has a lot of black in it and the pectoral fins are greyish. It grows to a length of around to {{convert|10|cm|in}}.<ref name = MSIP/>


==Distribution==
==Distribution==
''Parexocoetus mento'' is found from the coast of East Africa and the [[Red Sea]] to Fiji, extending south to [[Queensland]] and the [[Mozambique Channel]] and north to southern Japan.<ref name = Fishbase>{{Fishbase|Parexocoetus|mento|month=April|year=2019}}</ref> This species has colonised the Mediterraean Sea through the [[Suez Canal]] and by 1966 it had reached as far west as the [[Gulf of Sidra]], it was one of the earliest and more widespread of the [[Lessepsian migration|Lessepsian migrants]].<ref name = ABT>{{Cite journal | author = Adam Ben Tuvia | year = 1966 | title = Red Sea Fishes Recently Found in the Mediterranean | url = https://www.jstor.org/stable/1441133?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents | journal = Copeia | volume = 1966 | issue = 2 | pages = 254-275}} Abstract</ref> Its Mediterranean distribution extends as far north as Albania and it is now common off Israel and Lebanon.<ref name = MSIP>{{cite web | page = ''Parexocoetus mento'' | url = http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=fnam&id=1147 | work = Marine Species Identification Forum | title = Fishes of the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean | author = J.C Hureau | accessdate = 17 August 2019 | publisher = Marine Species Identification Portal}}</ref>
''Parexocoetus mento'' is found from the coast of East Africa and the [[Red Sea]] to Fiji, extending south to [[Queensland]] and the [[Mozambique Channel]] and north to southern Japan.<ref name = Fishbase>{{Fishbase|Parexocoetus|mento|month=April|year=2019}}</ref> This species is recorded in the Mediterranean Sea since 1935, a likely entry via the [[Suez Canal]].<ref name = ABT>{{Cite journal | author = Adam Ben Tuvia | year = 1966 | title = Red Sea Fishes Recently Found in the Mediterranean | journal = Copeia | volume = 1966 | issue = 2 | pages = 254–275| jstor = 1441133 | doi = 10.2307/1441133 }} Abstract</ref> It is now prevalent in the eastern Basin.<ref>Atlas of Exotic Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea (''Parexocoetus mento''). 2nd Edition. 2021. 366p. CIESM Publishers, Paris, Monaco.https://ciesm.org/atlas/fishes_2nd_edition/Parexocoetus_mento.pdf</ref><ref name = MSIP>{{cite web | page = Parexocoetus mento | url = http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=fnam&id=1147 | work = Marine Species Identification Forum | title = Fishes of the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean | author = J.C Hureau | accessdate = 17 August 2019 | publisher = Marine Species Identification Portal}}</ref>


==Habitat and biology==
==Habitat and biology==
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==Taxonomy==
==Taxonomy==
''Parexocoetus mento'' is the [[type species]] of the [[genus]] ''[[Parexocoetus]]'' which was erected by [[Pieter Bleeker]] in 1865,<ref name = CofFG>{{Cof record|genid=3396|title=''Parexocoetus''|access-date=17 August 2019}}</ref> this species was originally [[Species description|described]] as ''Exocoetus mento'' by Achille Valenciennes in 1847 with the [[Type locality (biology)|type locality]] given as [[Puducherry]], India.<ref name = CofF>{{Cof record|spid=13971|title=''Parexocoetus mento''|access-date=17 August 2019}}</ref>
''Parexocoetus mento'' is the [[type species]] of the [[genus]] ''[[Parexocoetus]]'' which was erected by [[Pieter Bleeker]] in 1865,<ref name = CofFG>{{Cof record|genid=3396|title=''Parexocoetus''|access-date=17 August 2019}}</ref> this species was originally [[Species description|described]] as ''Exocoetus mento'' by Achille Valenciennes in 1847 with the [[Type locality (biology)|type locality]] given as [[Pondicherry|Puducherry]], India.<ref name = CofF>{{Cof record|spid=13971|title=''Parexocoetus mento''|access-date=17 August 2019}}</ref> Records of this species, as the [[subspecies]] ''atlanticus'' are erroneous.<ref name = Fishbase/>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 14:57, 28 January 2024

Parexocoetus mento
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Beloniformes
Family: Exocoetidae
Genus: Parexocoetus
Species:
P. mento
Binomial name
Parexocoetus mento
(Valenciennes, 1847)
Synonyms[1]
  • Exocoetus mento Valenciennes, 1847
  • Exocoetus mesogaster Bloch, 1795
  • Exocoetus gryllus Klunzinger, 1871

Parexocoetus mento; also known as the African sailfin flying fish, Cuvier's flying fish, the yellow belly flying fish or the short-winged flying fish; is a species of flying fish from the family Exocoetidae which is found in the Indo-pacific region and which has colonised the eastern Mediterranean.

Description

[edit]

Parexocoetus mento has an elongate body which is compressed and rounded ventrally. The lateral line has a pectoral branch. It has a protrusible upper jaw. The long pectoral fins reach the anal fin when folded but do not extend beyond it while the medium-sized pelvic fins do not extend far beyond the origin of the anal fin and are situated closer to it than they are to the pectoral fins. They are iridescent greenish-blue above and silvery below while the dorsal fin has a lot of black in it and the pectoral fins are greyish. It grows to a length of around to 10 centimetres (3.9 in).[2]

Distribution

[edit]

Parexocoetus mento is found from the coast of East Africa and the Red Sea to Fiji, extending south to Queensland and the Mozambique Channel and north to southern Japan.[1] This species is recorded in the Mediterranean Sea since 1935, a likely entry via the Suez Canal.[3] It is now prevalent in the eastern Basin.[4][2]

Habitat and biology

[edit]

Parexocoetus mento is found in coastal waters close to the surface and it is rarely recorded in open sea. These fishes can jump out of the water and glide over the water.[1] The eggs are covered in filaments and juveniles do not have any barbels.[2]

Taxonomy

[edit]

Parexocoetus mento is the type species of the genus Parexocoetus which was erected by Pieter Bleeker in 1865,[5] this species was originally described as Exocoetus mento by Achille Valenciennes in 1847 with the type locality given as Puducherry, India.[6] Records of this species, as the subspecies atlanticus are erroneous.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Parexocoetus mento". FishBase. April 2019 version.
  2. ^ a b c J.C Hureau. "Fishes of the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean". Marine Species Identification Forum. Marine Species Identification Portal. p. Parexocoetus mento. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
  3. ^ Adam Ben Tuvia (1966). "Red Sea Fishes Recently Found in the Mediterranean". Copeia. 1966 (2): 254–275. doi:10.2307/1441133. JSTOR 1441133. Abstract
  4. ^ Atlas of Exotic Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea (Parexocoetus mento). 2nd Edition. 2021. 366p. CIESM Publishers, Paris, Monaco.https://ciesm.org/atlas/fishes_2nd_edition/Parexocoetus_mento.pdf
  5. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Parexocoetus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
  6. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Parexocoetus mento". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
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