United States Astronaut Hall of Fame

Entrance to the Astronaut Hall of Fame

The United States Astronaut Hall of Fame, located just south of Titusville, Florida, honors American astronauts and features the world's largest collection of their personal memorabilia, focusing on those astronauts who have been inducted into the Hall; as well as Sigma 7, the fifth manned Mercury spacecraft. It is operated as part of the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex, 6 miles (9.7 km) to the east on Merritt Island.

History

The Mercury astronauts, inducted 1990

In the 1980s, the six then-surviving Mercury Seven astronauts conceived of establishing a place where US space travelers could be remembered and honored, along the lines of halls of fame for other fields. The Mercury Seven Foundation and Astronaut Scholarship Foundation were formed and have a role in the current operations of the Hall of Fame. The foundation's first executive director was former Associated Press space reporter Howard Benedict.

The Astronaut Hall of Fame was opened on October 29, 1990, by the U.S. Space Camp Foundation, which was the first owner of the facility. It was located next to the Florida branch of Space Camp.

The Hall of Fame closed for several months in 2002 when U.S. Space Camp Foundation's creditors foreclosed on the property due to low attendance and mounting debt. In September of that year, an auction was held and the property was purchased by Delaware North Park Services on behalf of NASA and the property was added to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. The Hall of Fame re-opened December 14, 2002.

Inductees

See also: Category:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees

Inductees into the Hall of Fame are selected by a blue ribbon committee of former NASA officials and flight controllers, historians, journalists, and other space authorities based on their accomplishments in space and their contributions to the advancement of space exploration.

Neil Armstrong, inducted 1993

Edward White, inducted 1993

As its inaugural class in 1990, the Hall of Fame inducted the United States' original class of astronauts: the "Mercury Seven." In addition to being the first American astronauts, the Mercury Seven set several firsts in American spaceflight, both auspicious and tragic. Alan Shepard was the first American in space and later became one of the twelve people to walk on the Moon. John Glenn was the first American to orbit the Earth. Gus Grissom was the first American to go into space twice and was the commander of the ill-fated Apollo 1, which resulted in the first American deaths directly related to spaceflight or preparation for spaceflight.

Thirteen astronauts from the Gemini and Apollo programs were inducted in 1993. This class included the first and last humans to walk on the Moon, Neil Armstrong and Eugene Cernan; Ed White, the first American to walk in space (also killed in the Apollo 1 accident); Jim Lovell, commander of the famously near-tragic Apollo 13; and John Young, whose six flights included a moonwalk and command of the first Space Shuttle mission.

The third class was inducted in 1997 and consisted of the 24 additional Gemini, Apollo, and Skylab astronauts. Notable members of the class were Roger Chaffee, the third astronaut killed in the Apollo 1 fire; Harrison Schmitt, the first scientist and next-to-last person to walk on the Moon; and Jack Swigert and Fred Haise, the Apollo 13 crewmembers not previously inducted.

Over two dozen astronauts from the Space Shuttle program have been inducted since 2001. Among these are Sally Ride, the first American woman in space; Story Musgrave, who flew six missions in the 1980s and 1990s; and Francis Scobee, commander of the ill-fated Challenger mission. Except for 2002, inductions have been held every year since 2001.

The 2010 class consisted of Guion Bluford, Jr., Kenneth Bowersox, Frank Culbertson and Kathryn Thornton.

Exhibits

Gus Grissom's Mercury spacesuit

Sigma 7 Mercury spacecraft

The Hall of Heroes is composed of tributes to the inductees. Among the Hall of Fame's displays is Sigma 7, the Mercury spacecraft piloted by Wally Schirra which orbited the Earth six times in 1962. There is also an Astronaut Adventure room which includes simulators for use by children.

The spacesuit worn by Gus Grissom during Mercury 4 is on display and has been the subject of a dispute between NASA and Grissom's heirs and supporters since 2002. The spacesuit, along with other Grissom artifacts, were loaned to the original owners of the Hall of Fame by the Grissom family when it opened in 1990. However, after the Hall of Fame went into bankruptcy and was taken over by a NASA contractor in 2002, the family requested that all of their items be returned. All of the items were returned to Grissom's family except the spacesuit, because both NASA and the Grissoms claim ownership of it. NASA claims Grissom checked out the spacesuit for a show and tell at his son's school, and then never returned it, while the Grissoms claim Gus rescued the spacesuit from a scrap heap.

Gallery

• Statue of Alan Shepard
  Statue of Alan Shepard
• Alan Shepard's Apollo 14 lunar suit
  Alan Shepard's Apollo 14 lunar suit
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  Replica of Apollo 15 Genesis Rock
• Mural by Apollo 12 astronaut Alan Bean
  Mural by Apollo 12 astronaut Alan Bean
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  Flag flown on the first manned US spaceflight (Freedom 7 in 1961) and the 100th (STS-71 in 1995)
• A Gemini 7 spacesuit
  A Gemini 7 spacesuit

See also

• Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex
• List of astronauts by year of selection
• Space Mirror Memorial
• US Space Walk of Fame

External links

• U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame at the Kennedy Space Center
• Astronaut Scholarship Foundation
• Review of exhibits at RoadsideAmerica.com
• Worldspaceflight.com list of inductees and dates of induction