Freedom of education: Difference between revisions
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'''Freedom of education''' refers to the right of any person to manage their own education, start a school, or to have access to the education of their choice without any constraints. |
'''Freedom of education''' refers to the right of any person to manage their own education, start a school, or to have access to the education of their choice without any constraints. |
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===Legal Protections for Educational Freedom=== |
===Legal Protections for Educational Freedom=== |
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In Holland throughout the nineteenth century a political battle raged over the issue of the State monopoly on tuition-free education. It was opposed under the banner of "Freedom of Education" and the [[Separation of Church and State]]. The Dutch called it "[[Schoolstrijd|De Schoolstrijd]]" (The Battle of the Schools). The Dutch solution was the Separation of School and State by funding all schools equally, both public and private.<ref>See Hooker in Literature below</ref> |
In Holland throughout the nineteenth century a political battle raged over the issue of the State monopoly on tuition-free education. It was opposed under the banner of "Freedom of Education" and the [[Separation of Church and State]]. The Dutch called it "[[Schoolstrijd|De Schoolstrijd]]" (The Battle of the Schools). The Dutch solution was the Separation of School and State by funding all schools equally, both public and private.<ref>See Hooker in Literature below</ref> |
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===Sudbury schools' view=== |
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The starting point for [[Sudbury school|Sudbury schools']] thinking is the apparently revolutionary idea that a child is a person, worthy of full respect as a human being. They assert that these are simple words with devastatingly complex consequences, chief of which is that the child's agenda for its own life is as important as anyone else's agenda -- parents, family, friends or even the community. In these schools, the inner needs of the children are given priority in their education at every point. Thence, students in Sudbury schools enjoy the freedom of education, the freedom of learning, and the freedom to use their time as they wish.<ref>The Sudbury Valley School Experience (1987), [http://www.sern.org/modelHistory.htm ''Introduction - excerpt,''] Sudbury Valley School Press.</ref><ref>[[Sudbury_model#Learning|Learning in Sudbury schools]].</ref> Sudbury schools maintain that [[values]] must be [[Experiential learning|learned through experience]] <ref>Greenberg, D. (1992), Education in America - A View from Sudbury Valley, ''"'Ethics' is a Course Taught By Life Experience."''</ref><ref>Greenberg, D. (1987), The Sudbury Valley School Experience, ''"Teaching Justice Through Experience."''</ref><ref>Greenberg, D. (1992), Education in America - A View from Sudbury Valley, ''"Democracy Must be Experienced to be Learned."''</ref>, as Aristotle said: ''"For the things we have to learn before we can do them, we learn by doing them."'' <ref>Bynum, W.F. and Porter, R. (eds) (2005) ''Oxford Dictionary of Scientific Quotations.'' Oxford University Press. 21:9.</ref> They adduce that for this purpose schools must encourage ethical behavior and personal responsibility. In order to achieve these goals schools must allow students in their education the three great freedoms -- freedom of choice, freedom of action and freedom to bear the results of action -- that constitute personal responsibility.<ref>Greenberg, D. (1987) The Sudbury Valley School Experience [http://www.sudval.com/05_underlyingideas.html#09 ''"Back to Basics."''] Retrieved 19/3/09.</ref> |
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[[fr:Liberté d'éducation]] |
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Revision as of 12:22, 19 March 2009
Freedom of education refers to the right of any person to manage their own education, start a school, or to have access to the education of their choice without any constraints.
Legal Protections for Educational Freedom
Freedom of education is a constitutional (legal) concept that has been included in several national constitutions, e.g. the European Convention on Human Rights, the Belgian constitution (former article 17, now article 24) and the Dutch constitution (article 23).
The United States the Federal government lacks the right to restrict the freedom of individuals to form schools or define educational curricula. Although freedom of education is not explicitly granted by the constitution, it has been ruled to be protected as part of the "liberty of citizens of the United States", which the Constitution protects, in several Supreme Court decisions, including Meyer v. Nebraska (1923), Pierce v. Society of Sisters (1925) and Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972). Brown v. Board of Education was landmark supreme case that over turned segregation in schools based on the color of one's skin.
In Holland throughout the nineteenth century a political battle raged over the issue of the State monopoly on tuition-free education. It was opposed under the banner of "Freedom of Education" and the Separation of Church and State. The Dutch called it "De Schoolstrijd" (The Battle of the Schools). The Dutch solution was the Separation of School and State by funding all schools equally, both public and private.[1]
Sudbury schools' view
The starting point for Sudbury schools' thinking is the apparently revolutionary idea that a child is a person, worthy of full respect as a human being. They assert that these are simple words with devastatingly complex consequences, chief of which is that the child's agenda for its own life is as important as anyone else's agenda -- parents, family, friends or even the community. In these schools, the inner needs of the children are given priority in their education at every point. Thence, students in Sudbury schools enjoy the freedom of education, the freedom of learning, and the freedom to use their time as they wish.[2][3] Sudbury schools maintain that values must be learned through experience [4][5][6], as Aristotle said: "For the things we have to learn before we can do them, we learn by doing them." [7] They adduce that for this purpose schools must encourage ethical behavior and personal responsibility. In order to achieve these goals schools must allow students in their education the three great freedoms -- freedom of choice, freedom of action and freedom to bear the results of action -- that constitute personal responsibility.[8]
References
- ^ See Hooker in Literature below
- ^ The Sudbury Valley School Experience (1987), Introduction - excerpt, Sudbury Valley School Press.
- ^ Learning in Sudbury schools.
- ^ Greenberg, D. (1992), Education in America - A View from Sudbury Valley, "'Ethics' is a Course Taught By Life Experience."
- ^ Greenberg, D. (1987), The Sudbury Valley School Experience, "Teaching Justice Through Experience."
- ^ Greenberg, D. (1992), Education in America - A View from Sudbury Valley, "Democracy Must be Experienced to be Learned."
- ^ Bynum, W.F. and Porter, R. (eds) (2005) Oxford Dictionary of Scientific Quotations. Oxford University Press. 21:9.
- ^ Greenberg, D. (1987) The Sudbury Valley School Experience "Back to Basics." Retrieved 19/3/09.
Literature
- Hooker, Mark (2009). Freedom of Education: The Dutch Political Battle for State Funding of all Schools both Public and Private (1801-1920). ISBN 1440493421.
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