Coregonus albula: Difference between revisions

Vendace
	Coregonus albula
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Salmoniformes
Family:	Salmonidae
Subfamily:	Coregoninae
Genus:	Coregonus
Species:	C. albula
Binomial name
	Coregonus albula; (Linnaeus, 1758)

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Revision as of 20:28, 6 January 2010

The vendace or European cisco (Coregonus albula) is a freshwater whitefish found in lakes and rivers in northern Europe, especially Finland, Sweden, Russia and Estonia, and in some lakes of the United Kingdom and northern Germany and Poland. It is found also in diluted brackish water in the Gulf of Finland and the Gulf of Bothnia of the Baltic Sea.

Vendace mainly feeds on zooplankton, such as small crustaceans and their larvae. The fish live in schools made up of large groups of individuals. They lay their eggs on pebbly or sandy ground. The length of an adult is normally about 25 centimetres (9.8 in). The maximum age reached by this fish is about ten years.

The vendace is traditionally the most important target of freshwater fisheries in parts of Fennoscandia and Russia. Vendace roe is considered a delicacy.

Taxonomy

According to FishBase, the British populations of vendace are a separate species, Coregonus vandesius, but this distinction is not accepted by all scientists.

Coregonus albula generally breeds in the autumn, but in North European lakes distinct spring-spawning populations of vendace exist, some of which have been described as separate species: in Sweden, as Coregonus trybomi, and in two lakes of northern Germany, as Coregonus fontanae and Coregonus lucinensis. These populations are sympatric with autumn-spawning vendace, and seem to have evolved post-glacially from them independently in each lake.

References

Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2009). "Coregonus albula" in FishBase. 11 2009 version.
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2009). "Coregonus vandesius" in FishBase. 11 2009 version.
Coregonus albula IUCN Red List (2008)
Winfield, Ian J.; Fletcher, Janis M.; James, J. Ben (2004), "Conservation ecology of the vendace in Bassenthwaite Lake and Derwent Water, U.K." (PDF), Annales Zoologici Fennici, 41: 155–164{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Schulz, M. (October 2002). "Coregonus fontanae, a new spring-spawning cisco from Lake Stechlin, northern Germany (Salmoniformes: Coregonidae)" (PDF). Icthyological Exploration of Freshwaters. 14 (3): 209–216. ISSN 0936-9902. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)

This Salmonidae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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 {{Refimprove|date=November 2009}}
-The '''vendace''' ('''''Coregonus albula''''') is a [[freshwater whitefish]] found in lakes and rivers in northern Europe, especially [[Finland]], [[Sweden]], [[Russia]] and [[Estonia]], and in some lakes of the [[United Kingdom]] and northern [[Germany]] and [[Poland]].  It is found also in diluted brackish water in the [[Gulf of Finland]] and the [[Gulf of Bothnia]] of the [[Baltic Sea]].
+The '''vendace''' or '''European cisco''' ('''''Coregonus albula''''') is a [[freshwater whitefish]] found in lakes and rivers in northern Europe, especially [[Finland]], [[Sweden]], [[Russia]] and [[Estonia]], and in some lakes of the [[United Kingdom]] and northern [[Germany]] and [[Poland]].  It is found also in diluted brackish water in the [[Gulf of Finland]] and the [[Gulf of Bothnia]] of the [[Baltic Sea]].
 Vendace mainly feeds on zooplankton, such as small crustaceans and their larvae. The fish live in schools made up of large groups of individuals. They lay their eggs on pebbly or sandy ground. The length of an adult is normally about {{convert|25|cm}}. The maximum age reached by this fish is about ten years.
@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 ==Taxonomy==
-The British populations of vendace are now considered a separate species, ''[[Coregonus vandesius]]'', one population of which is sometimes considered another species, ''Coregonus gracilior''. Several other species, such as the [[least cisco]], were also considered to be the same species as the vendace.
+According to [[FishBase]], the British populations of vendace are a separate species, ''[[Coregonus vandesius]]'', but this distinction is not accepted by all scientists.
-''Coregonus albula'' generally breeds in the autumn, but in North European lakes distinct spring-spawning populations of vendace exist, three of which have been described as species. In Sweden, they have been described as a separate species ''[[Coregonus trybomi]]''; only one population survives. In northern Germany, similarly distinct sympatric spring-spawning whitefish are found in two lakes, and seem to have evolved post-glacially from sympatric vendace and least cisco independently in each lake. Each has been described as a distinct species, ''[[Coregonus fontanae]]'' and ''[[Coregonus lucinensis]]''.
+''Coregonus albula'' generally breeds in the autumn, but in North European lakes distinct spring-spawning populations of vendace exist, some of which have been described as separate species: in Sweden, as ''[[Coregonus trybomi]]'', and in two lakes of northern Germany, as ''[[Coregonus fontanae]]'' and ''[[Coregonus lucinensis]]''. These populations are sympatric with autumn-spawning vendace, and seem to have evolved post-glacially from them independently in each lake.
 ==References==
 * {{FishBase_species|genus=Coregonus|species=albula|year=2009|month=11}}
+* {{FishBase_species|genus=Coregonus|species=vandesius|year=2009|month=11}}
 * [http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/5360/0 ''Coregonus albula''] IUCN Red List (2008)
+* {{citation| url=http://www.sekj.org/PDF/anz41-free/anz41-155.pdf| title=Conservation ecology of the vendace in Bassenthwaite Lake and Derwent Water, U.K.| last=Winfield| first=Ian J.; Fletcher, Janis M.; James, J. Ben| journal=Annales Zoologici Fennici| volume=41| year=2004| pages=155–164}}
 * {{Cite journal | last = Schulz | first = M. | coauthors = Freyhof, J. | title = ''Coregonus fontanae'', a new spring-spawning cisco from Lake Stechlin, northern Germany (Salmoniformes: Coregonidae). | journal = Icthyological Exploration of Freshwaters | volume = 14 | issue = 3 | pages = 209–216 | date = October 2002 | url = http://www.igb-berlin.de/abt4/mitarbeiter/freyhof/downloads/Coregonus.pdf | issn = 0936-9902}}