Premetro: Difference between revisions

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A premetro is a tramway or light railway which includes segments built to rapid transit standards, usually as part of a process of conversion to a metro railway, mainly by the construction of tunnels in the central city area.^[1] It was devised in Germany during the 1960s^[2] when, instead of building expensive entire metro systems immediately, the idea of building only the city centre tunnels at first was implemented. They could be used by trams in the short term, intended in the long run to be conventional underground rapid transit systems. The idea spread to other European countries, including Belgium, where it became officially named premetro.^[2] However some of these premetros, such as in Gothenburg, Sweden, have become semi-permanent systems, no longer in the process of conversion to metros.

Examples

Antwerp Pre-metro
Boston, Green Line
Brussels Metro lines T3, T4 and T7
Buenos Aires' PreMetro (E2), ^{[disputed (for: The PreMetro E2 article says the line was not designed for expansion) – discuss]}
Charleroi Pre-metro in Belgium
Frankfurt U-Bahn (suburban sections only)
Gothenburg tram network in Sweden
Krakowski Szybki Tramwaj, Kraków, Poland ^{[disputed – discuss]}
Kryvyi Rih Metrotram in Ukraine
Metrovalencia lines 2, 3, 4 and 6, Valencia, Spain
Muni Metro, San Francisco
Newark City Subway in New Jersey
Pittsburgh Light Rail, Port Authority of Allegheny County, Pittsburgh
Porto Metro in Portugal
Poznański Szybki Tramwaj in Poznań, Poland
RandstadRail in Netherlands
Rotterdam Metro line E and parts of line A and B
SEPTA Subway-Surface Trolley Lines, Philadelphia
Valencia Metro, Venezuela
Volgograd Metrotram in Russia
Wiener Lokalbahnen, Vienna

Built as premetro, later converted to full metro

Oslo Metro - commenced operations in 1898 as a suburban tram with an underground section later built in 1928, converted to full metro in 1966 ^{[disputed – discuss]}
Stockholm metro - commenced operations in 1950 on a section of track of which part was converted from an underground tram line opened in 1933 ^{[disputed – discuss]}
Vienna U-Bahn ^{[disputed – discuss]}
Blue Line, Boston - 1904 trolley tunnel under Boston Harbor converted to metro in 1924^{[disputed (for: No RS describe the Blue Line as a premetro line) – discuss]}

Former systems

Wiener Stadtbahn - operated from 1898 to 1989, now part of Vienna U-Bahn lines U4 and U6 and the Vienna S-Bahn

References

^ "Antwerpen rail network is a typical premetro network". Retrieved January 14, 2013.
^ ^a ^b "Trams are coming back". New Scientist (by Ian Yearsley). 21 December 1972.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[File:Métro Léger Charleroi - LRV 7504 in Parc station.jpg|thumb|250px|A [[Charleroi Pre-metro]] tram at Parc station]]
-A '''premetro''' is a [[tram]]way or [[light rail]]way which includes segments built to [[rapid transit]] standards, usually as part of a process of conversion to a [[rapid transit|metro]] railway, mainly by the construction of [[tunnel]]s in the central city area.<ref name="Antwerpen rail network is a typical premetro network">{{cite web | url=http://www.urbanrail.net/eu/be/ant/antwerpen.htm | title=Antwerpen rail network is a typical premetro network | accessdate=January 14, 2013}}</ref>  Because tunnels are expensive, some premetros have not progressed to the Metro stage, such as has happened in some suburbs of [[Gothenburg]] in [[Sweden]].
+A '''premetro''' is a [[tram]]way or [[light rail]]way which includes segments built to [[rapid transit]] standards, usually as part of a process of conversion to a [[rapid transit|metro]] railway, mainly by the construction of [[tunnel]]s in the central city area.<ref name="Antwerpen rail network is a typical premetro network">{{cite web | url=http://www.urbanrail.net/eu/be/ant/antwerpen.htm | title=Antwerpen rail network is a typical premetro network | accessdate=January 14, 2013}}</ref> It was devised in Germany during the 1960s<ref name="newscientist">{{cite book | title="Trams are coming back" | publisher=[[New Scientist]] (by Ian Yearsley) | year=21 December 1972}}</ref> when, instead of building expensive entire metro systems immediately, the idea of building only the city centre tunnels at first was implemented. They could be used by trams in the short term, intended in the long run to be conventional underground rapid transit systems. The idea spread to other European countries, including Belgium, where it became officially named premetro.<ref name="newscientist" /> However some of these premetros, such as in [[Gothenburg]], Sweden, have become semi-permanent systems, no longer in the process of conversion to metros.
 == Examples ==
 {{unreferenced section|date=October 2013}}
-* [[PreMetro E2 (Buenos Aires)|PreMetro (E2)]], [[Buenos Aires]] {{Disputed-inline|The PreMetro E2 article says...|for=The PreMetro E2 article says the line was not designed for expansion|date=October 2013}}
-* [[Amsterdam Metro]] line 51
 * [[Antwerp Pre-metro]]
 * [[Boston]], [[Green Line (MBTA)|Green Line]]
 * [[Brussels Metro]] lines T3, T4 and T7
+* [[PreMetro E2 (Buenos Aires)|Buenos Aires' PreMetro (E2)]], {{Disputed-inline|The PreMetro E2 article says...|for=The PreMetro E2 article says the line was not designed for expansion|date=October 2013}}
 * [[Charleroi Pre-metro]] in [[Belgium]]
 * [[Frankfurt U-Bahn]] (suburban sections only)
@@ Line 14: / Line 13: @@
 * [[Krakowski Szybki Tramwaj]], [[Kraków]], [[Poland]] {{Disputed-inline|Are there RS that describe Krakow's system as a "premetro" system...|date=November 2013}}
 * [[Kryvyi Rih Metrotram]] in [[Ukraine]]
+* [[Metrovalencia]] lines 2, 3, 4 and 6, [[Valencia (city in Spain)|Valencia]], [[Spain]]
+* [[Muni Metro]], [[San Francisco]]
 * [[Newark Light Rail|Newark City Subway]] in [[New Jersey]]
 * [[Pittsburgh Light Rail]], [[Port Authority of Allegheny County]], [[Pittsburgh]]
 * [[Porto Metro]] in [[Portugal]]
 * [[Poznański Szybki Tramwaj]] in [[Poznań]], [[Poland]]
-* [[Rotterdam Metro]] line E and parts of line A and B
 * [[RandstadRail]] in [[Netherlands]]
-* [[Muni Metro]], [[San Francisco]]
+* [[Rotterdam Metro]] line E and parts of line A and B
-* [[Volgograd Metrotram]] in [[Russia]]
 * [[SEPTA Subway-Surface Trolley Lines]], [[Philadelphia]]
-* [[Metrovalencia]] lines 2, 3, 4 and 6, [[Valencia (city in Spain)|Valencia]], [[Spain]]
 * [[Valencia Metro (Venezuela)|Valencia Metro]], [[Venezuela]]
+* [[Volgograd Metrotram]] in [[Russia]]
 * [[Wiener Lokalbahnen]], [[Vienna]]

Revision as of 12:49, 1 January 2014

Examples

Built as premetro, later converted to full metro

Former systems

References

See also