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The '''history of the Ukrainians in Baltimore''' dates back to the mid-19th century. The Ukrainian community in [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]] numbered 10,806 as of 2000, making up 0.4% of Baltimore's population.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://planning.maryland.gov/msdc/census/cen2000/sf3/sumyprof/DP1_4/395240720.pdf |title=Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 |publisher= [[2000 United States Census]] |accessdate=2014-02-13}}</ref>
The '''history of the Ukrainians in Baltimore''' dates back to the mid-19th century. The Ukrainian community in [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]] numbered 10,806 as of 2000, making up 0.4% of Baltimore's population.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://planning.maryland.gov/msdc/census/cen2000/sf3/sumyprof/DP1_4/395240720.pdf |title=Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 |publisher= [[2000 United States Census]] |accessdate=2014-02-13}}</ref> Baltimore and [[Washington, D.C.]] have the largest Ukrainian-American communities in the [[Mid-Atlantic states|Mid-Atlantic]].<ref name="Baltimore Ukrainian-Americans">{{cite web|url=http://washingtonexaminer.com/baltimores-ukrainian-americans-entice-visitors/article/90092 |title=Baltimore’s Ukrainian-Americans entice visitors |publisher=''[[The Washington Examiner]]'' |accessdate=2014-03-13}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
[[Image:Baltimore - church towers.jpg|thumb|200px|St. Michael's, a Ukrainian Catholic parish in Baltimore, 2009 (Church in background).]]
[[Image:Baltimore - church towers.jpg|thumb|200px|St. Michael's, a Ukrainian Catholic parish in Baltimore, 2009 (Church in background).]]


[[Ukrainian American|Ukrainians]] began settling in Baltimore during the 1880s, settling mostly in East Baltimore and Southeast Baltimore, especially in the [[Highlandtown, Baltimore|Highlandtown]] neighborhood.<ref>{{Cite book |author=[[American Guide Series]] |title=Maryland: A Guide to the Old Line State |year=1940 |publisher=[[Federal Writers' Project]] |location=United States |isbn= |olcl=814094}}</ref> Other Ukrainians settled in [[Washington Hill, Baltimore|Washington Hill]] and [[Fell's Point, Baltimore|Fell's Point]], where there used to be a Ukrainian store.<ref>{{cite book |title= The Organization of Hope: Communities Planning Themselves|last= Baum|first= Howell S.|authorlink= |year= 1997|publisher= [[State University of New York Press]]|location= Albany, New York|isbn= 0-7914-3193-2|page= 80|pages= |accessdate=February 13, 2014 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=n90RAwnfr5EC&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Organization+of+Hope&source=bl&ots=dO5qS2CBry&sig=Ncdqj9cHVLUyFVA3uTxqsOG5NFs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=k5I2UMfzMeHi0QHgyoHgBA&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=The%20Organization%20of%20Hope&f=false}}</ref> Most of these immigrants came from [[Western Ukraine]] and were Catholic. By the 1890s, Ukrainian Catholic priests were traveling from [[Pennsylvania]] to Baltimore to serve the Ukrainian Catholic community. [[St. Michael the Archangel Ukrainian Catholic Church]] was founded as a parish in 1893 and the church was built in 1912, though construction took nearly a century to complete.<ref>{{cite book |title= Maryland: A New Guide to the Old Line State|last= Arnett, Brugger, Papenfuse|first= Earl, Robert J., Edward C.|authorlink= |year= 1999|publisher= [[Johns Hopkins University Press]]|location= Baltimore, Maryland|isbn= 0-8018-5979-4|page= 322|pages= |accessdate=February 13, 2014 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=lncOLHYhcrsC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Maryland:+A+New+Guide&source=bl&ots=VHMOZFK0B8&sig=t5yFkSs78eOdcHfeipgcZn8_SEo&hl=en&sa=X&ei=wRQ1UN76H-Wx6AGLsYG4DQ&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Maryland%3A%20A%20New%20Guide&f=false}}</ref>
[[Ukrainian American|Ukrainians]] began settling in Baltimore during the 1880s, settling mostly in East Baltimore and Southeast Baltimore, especially in the [[Highlandtown, Baltimore|Highlandtown]] neighborhood.<ref name="American Guide Series1940">{{Cite book |author=[[American Guide Series]] |title=Maryland: A Guide to the Old Line State |year=1940 |publisher=[[Federal Writers' Project]] |location=United States |isbn=0403021715 |olcl=814094 }}</ref> Other Ukrainians settled in [[Washington Hill, Baltimore|Washington Hill]] and [[Fell's Point, Baltimore|Fell's Point]], where there used to be a Ukrainian store.<ref>{{cite book |title= The Organization of Hope: Communities Planning Themselves|last= Baum|first= Howell S.|authorlink= |year= 1997|publisher= [[State University of New York Press]]|location= Albany, New York|isbn= 0-7914-3193-2|page= 80|pages= |accessdate=February 13, 2014 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=n90RAwnfr5EC&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Organization+of+Hope&source=bl&ots=dO5qS2CBry&sig=Ncdqj9cHVLUyFVA3uTxqsOG5NFs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=k5I2UMfzMeHi0QHgyoHgBA&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=The%20Organization%20of%20Hope&f=false}}</ref> Most of these immigrants came from [[Western Ukraine]] and were Catholic. By the 1890s, Ukrainian Catholic priests were traveling from [[Pennsylvania]] to Baltimore to serve the Ukrainian Catholic community. [[St. Michael the Archangel Ukrainian Catholic Church]] was founded as a parish in 1893 and the church was built in 1912, though construction took nearly a century to complete.<ref>{{cite book |title= Maryland: A New Guide to the Old Line State|last= Arnett, Brugger, Papenfuse|first= Earl, Robert J., Edward C.|authorlink= |year= 1999|publisher= [[Johns Hopkins University Press]]|location= Baltimore, Maryland|isbn= 0-8018-5979-4|page= 322|pages= |accessdate=February 13, 2014 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=lncOLHYhcrsC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Maryland:+A+New+Guide&source=bl&ots=VHMOZFK0B8&sig=t5yFkSs78eOdcHfeipgcZn8_SEo&hl=en&sa=X&ei=wRQ1UN76H-Wx6AGLsYG4DQ&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Maryland%3A%20A%20New%20Guide&f=false}}</ref>


While many immigrants from [[Western Ukraine]] identify simply as [[Ukrainian American]]s, others identify as [[Rusyn American]]. [[Rusyns]] also sometimes describe themselves as [[Ruthenians]]. A number of the Western Ukrainians that established [[St. Michael the Archangel Ukrainian Catholic Church]] identified as Rusyns. Rusyns also helped establish Sts. Peter & Paul Ukrainian Catholic Church. Many Rusyn and Western Ukrainians have settled in the neighborhoods of [[Fell's Point, Baltimore|Fell's Point]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Yates |first=Francesca |date=2005 |title=Baltimore, Maryland: A Photographic Portrait |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=jpgGldE9WOsC&pg=PA64&dq=Baltimore+Ukrainians&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vlT9UpqZI-nJsQSv6oHgAw&ved=0CEsQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q&f=false |location=Rockport, Massachusetts |publisher=Twin Light Publishers, Inc. |isbn=1-885435-54-1 |accessdate=February 13, 2014 }}</ref> and [[Patterson Park (Neighborhood), Baltimore|Patterson Park]]. Western Ukrainians began immigrating to Baltimore during the 1880s.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bell |first=Madison Smartt |date=2007 |title=Charm City: A Walk Through Baltimore |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=jgTmHmg6JQsC&pg=PA102&dq=Baltimore+Ukrainians&hl=en&sa=X&ei=11T9UrixCMuysQST9YGADQ&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAjge#v=onepage&q&f=false |location=New York City |publisher=Crown Journeys |isbn=9780307342065 |accessdate=February 13, 2014 }}</ref>
While many immigrants from [[Western Ukraine]] identify simply as [[Ukrainian American]]s, others identify as [[Rusyn American]]. [[Rusyns]] also sometimes describe themselves as [[Ruthenians]]. A number of the Western Ukrainians that established [[St. Michael the Archangel Ukrainian Catholic Church]] identified as Rusyns. Rusyns also helped establish Sts. Peter & Paul Ukrainian Catholic Church. Many Rusyn and Western Ukrainians have settled in the neighborhoods of [[Fell's Point, Baltimore|Fell's Point]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Yates |first=Francesca |date=2005 |title=Baltimore, Maryland: A Photographic Portrait |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=jpgGldE9WOsC&pg=PA64&dq=Baltimore+Ukrainians&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vlT9UpqZI-nJsQSv6oHgAw&ved=0CEsQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q&f=false |location=Rockport, Massachusetts |publisher=Twin Light Publishers, Inc. |isbn=1-885435-54-1 |accessdate=February 13, 2014 }}</ref> and [[Patterson Park (Neighborhood), Baltimore|Patterson Park]]. Western Ukrainians began immigrating to Baltimore during the 1880s.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bell |first=Madison Smartt |date=2007 |title=Charm City: A Walk Through Baltimore |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=jgTmHmg6JQsC&pg=PA102&dq=Baltimore+Ukrainians&hl=en&sa=X&ei=11T9UrixCMuysQST9YGADQ&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAjge#v=onepage&q&f=false |location=New York City |publisher=Crown Journeys |isbn=9780307342065 |accessdate=February 13, 2014 }}</ref>

By the 1940s, the Ukrainian community in Highlandtown numbered around 1,200.<ref name="American Guide Series1940"/>

Many Ukrainians fled to Baltimore from the 1930s to the 1950s in order to escape political persecution, labor camps, the [[Holodomor]] famine, or deportation to [[Siberia]]. Every year Ukrainian refugees and their children and grandchildren celebrate their good fortune on [[Thanksgiving (United States)|Thanksgiving Day]] by giving a toast and playing a game of football.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2000-11-24/news/0011240089_1_ukrainian-humeniuk-patterson-park |title=Toasting tradition in the park |publisher=''[[The Baltimore Sun]]'' |accessdate=2014-03-13}}</ref> On 29 May 2008, the city of Baltimore held a candlelight commemoration for the Holodomor at the [[War Memorial Plaza]] in front of [[Baltimore City Hall|City Hall]]. This ceremony was part of the larger international journey of the "International Holodomor Remembrance Torch", which began in [[Kiev]] and made its way though thirty-three countries. Twenty-two other US cities were also visited during the tour. Then-Mayor [[Sheila Dixon]] presided over the ceremony and declared 29 May to be "Ukrainian Genocide Remembrance Day in Baltimore". She referred to the Holodomor as "among the worst cases of man's inhumanity towards man".<ref>{{cite web |last=Berg |first=Tabitha |date=6 June 2008 |title=International Holodomor Remembrance Torch in Baltimore Commemorates Ukrainian Genocide |url=http://enewschannels.com/2008/06/06/enc3223_160145.php |publisher=eNewsChannels |accessdate=13 March 20124}}</ref>

Beginning in the 1970s, large numbers of [[History of the Jews in Ukraine|Ukrainian Jews]] immigrated to Baltimore in order to escape [[Antisemitism in Ukraine|antisemitism]] in the [[Soviet Union]]. In the early 1980s, about 70% of the Soviet Jews in Baltimore had immigrated from the [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]]. One-third came from [[Odessa]], Baltimore's sister-city at the time.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jacobs |first1=Dan Norman |last2=Paul |first2=Ellen Frankel |date=1981 |title=Studies of the Third Wave: Recent Migration of Soviet Jews to the United States |trans_title= |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=M6QK-J-34jMC&pg=PA33&dq=Baltimore+Ukraine+Jews&hl=en&sa=X&ei=p1QhU66INOjk0gHY5oDABQ&ved=0CEkQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q&f=false |deadurl= |format= |language=English |location=Boulder, Colorado |publisher=Westview Press, Inc. |isbn=0865311439 |archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate=2014-03-13 |via= |subscription= |quote=According to figures from national HIAS, the percentage of Ukrainians in the national population of emigrés is almost exactly the same as in the Baltimore contingent, i.e., about 70%. This fact is of considerable importance because the Ukraine has been (and still is) an area of endemic anti-Semitism with deep roots in the past. In recent years, some of the most vicious examples of blatant anti-Semitic literature--some of it so offensive that it was eventually withdrawn--have been published by Ukrainian authors. As will be seen later, the presence of anti-Semitism is a major factor in the decision to emigrate.}}</ref>


In light of the [[2014 Ukrainian revolution]] and the Russian intervention in [[2014 Crimean crisis|Crimea]], Ukrainians in Baltimore have mobilized to support the pro-Ukrainian cause.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2014-02-19/news/bs-md-ukrainian-reaction-20140219_1_yanukovych-ukraine-lviv |title=For Baltimore Ukrainian community, events a world away hit home |publisher=''[[The Baltimore Sun]]'' |accessdate=2014-03-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbaltv.com/news/maryland/baltimore-city/baltimores-ukrainians-worry-amid-overseas-crisis/24791802 |title=Baltimore's Ukrainians worry amid overseas crisis |publisher=[[WBAL-TV]] |accessdate=2014-03-05}}</ref>
In light of the [[2014 Ukrainian revolution]] and the Russian intervention in [[2014 Crimean crisis|Crimea]], Ukrainians in Baltimore have mobilized to support the pro-Ukrainian cause.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2014-02-19/news/bs-md-ukrainian-reaction-20140219_1_yanukovych-ukraine-lviv |title=For Baltimore Ukrainian community, events a world away hit home |publisher=''[[The Baltimore Sun]]'' |accessdate=2014-03-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbaltv.com/news/maryland/baltimore-city/baltimores-ukrainians-worry-amid-overseas-crisis/24791802 |title=Baltimore's Ukrainians worry amid overseas crisis |publisher=[[WBAL-TV]] |accessdate=2014-03-05}}</ref>

==Little Ukrainian Village==
A corridor of Baltimore's [[Patterson Park (Neighborhood), Baltimore|Patterson Park]] neighborhood is referred to by locals as "The Little Ukrainian Village in Baltimore." The village is home to St. Michael the Archangel Ukrainian Catholic Church and Baltimore's Ukrainian-American festival, as well as organizations for Ukrainians, such as a credit union, a sports club, and a youth association.<ref name="Baltimore Ukrainian-Americans"/>


==Notable Ukrainian-Americans from Baltimore==
==Notable Ukrainian-Americans from Baltimore==
*[[Joseph Meyerhoff]]
*[[Joseph Meyerhoff]]
*[[Morris Zimmerman]]


==See also==
==See also==
Line 22: Line 32:


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://archives.ubalt.edu/lhrc/pdf/ukrainian.pdf The Ukrainians of Maryland]
*[http://www.ukrainianfestival.net/ Baltimore Ukrainian Festival]
*[http://www.ukrainianfestival.net/ Baltimore Ukrainian Festival]
*[http://www.zemeanbean.com/ Ze Mean Bean Café]
*[http://www.zemeanbean.com/ Ze Mean Bean Café]
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[[Category:History of Baltimore, Maryland|Ukrainian]]
[[Category:History of Baltimore, Maryland|Ukrainian]]
[[Category:Rusyn-American history]]
[[Category:Rusyn-American history]]
[[Category:Ukrainian-American culture by city]]
[[Category:Ukrainian-American culture in Maryland| ]]
[[Category:Ukrainian-American culture in Maryland| ]]
[[Category:Ukrainian-American history|Baltimore]]
[[Category:Ukrainian-American history|Baltimore]]
[[Category:Ukrainian communities in the United States]]
[[Category:Ukrainian communities in the United States]]
[[Category:Ukrainian-Jewish culture in the United States]]

Revision as of 07:36, 13 March 2014

The history of the Ukrainians in Baltimore dates back to the mid-19th century. The Ukrainian community in Baltimore, Maryland numbered 10,806 as of 2000, making up 0.4% of Baltimore's population.[1] Baltimore and Washington, D.C. have the largest Ukrainian-American communities in the Mid-Atlantic.[2]

History

St. Michael's, a Ukrainian Catholic parish in Baltimore, 2009 (Church in background).

Ukrainians began settling in Baltimore during the 1880s, settling mostly in East Baltimore and Southeast Baltimore, especially in the Highlandtown neighborhood.[3] Other Ukrainians settled in Washington Hill and Fell's Point, where there used to be a Ukrainian store.[4] Most of these immigrants came from Western Ukraine and were Catholic. By the 1890s, Ukrainian Catholic priests were traveling from Pennsylvania to Baltimore to serve the Ukrainian Catholic community. St. Michael the Archangel Ukrainian Catholic Church was founded as a parish in 1893 and the church was built in 1912, though construction took nearly a century to complete.[5]

While many immigrants from Western Ukraine identify simply as Ukrainian Americans, others identify as Rusyn American. Rusyns also sometimes describe themselves as Ruthenians. A number of the Western Ukrainians that established St. Michael the Archangel Ukrainian Catholic Church identified as Rusyns. Rusyns also helped establish Sts. Peter & Paul Ukrainian Catholic Church. Many Rusyn and Western Ukrainians have settled in the neighborhoods of Fell's Point[6] and Patterson Park. Western Ukrainians began immigrating to Baltimore during the 1880s.[7]

By the 1940s, the Ukrainian community in Highlandtown numbered around 1,200.[3]

Many Ukrainians fled to Baltimore from the 1930s to the 1950s in order to escape political persecution, labor camps, the Holodomor famine, or deportation to Siberia. Every year Ukrainian refugees and their children and grandchildren celebrate their good fortune on Thanksgiving Day by giving a toast and playing a game of football.[8] On 29 May 2008, the city of Baltimore held a candlelight commemoration for the Holodomor at the War Memorial Plaza in front of City Hall. This ceremony was part of the larger international journey of the "International Holodomor Remembrance Torch", which began in Kiev and made its way though thirty-three countries. Twenty-two other US cities were also visited during the tour. Then-Mayor Sheila Dixon presided over the ceremony and declared 29 May to be "Ukrainian Genocide Remembrance Day in Baltimore". She referred to the Holodomor as "among the worst cases of man's inhumanity towards man".[9]

Beginning in the 1970s, large numbers of Ukrainian Jews immigrated to Baltimore in order to escape antisemitism in the Soviet Union. In the early 1980s, about 70% of the Soviet Jews in Baltimore had immigrated from the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. One-third came from Odessa, Baltimore's sister-city at the time.[10]

In light of the 2014 Ukrainian revolution and the Russian intervention in Crimea, Ukrainians in Baltimore have mobilized to support the pro-Ukrainian cause.[11][12]

Little Ukrainian Village

A corridor of Baltimore's Patterson Park neighborhood is referred to by locals as "The Little Ukrainian Village in Baltimore." The village is home to St. Michael the Archangel Ukrainian Catholic Church and Baltimore's Ukrainian-American festival, as well as organizations for Ukrainians, such as a credit union, a sports club, and a youth association.[2]

Notable Ukrainian-Americans from Baltimore

See also

References

  1. ^ "Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000" (PDF). 2000 United States Census. Retrieved 2014-02-13.
  2. ^ a b "Baltimore's Ukrainian-Americans entice visitors". The Washington Examiner. Retrieved 2014-03-13. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  3. ^ a b American Guide Series (1940). Maryland: A Guide to the Old Line State. United States: Federal Writers' Project. ISBN 0403021715. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |olcl= ignored (help)
  4. ^ Baum, Howell S. (1997). The Organization of Hope: Communities Planning Themselves. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. p. 80. ISBN 0-7914-3193-2. Retrieved February 13, 2014.
  5. ^ Arnett, Brugger, Papenfuse, Earl, Robert J., Edward C. (1999). Maryland: A New Guide to the Old Line State. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 322. ISBN 0-8018-5979-4. Retrieved February 13, 2014.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ Yates, Francesca (2005). Baltimore, Maryland: A Photographic Portrait. Rockport, Massachusetts: Twin Light Publishers, Inc. ISBN 1-885435-54-1. Retrieved February 13, 2014.
  7. ^ Bell, Madison Smartt (2007). Charm City: A Walk Through Baltimore. New York City: Crown Journeys. ISBN 9780307342065. Retrieved February 13, 2014.
  8. ^ "Toasting tradition in the park". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2014-03-13. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  9. ^ Berg, Tabitha (6 June 2008). "International Holodomor Remembrance Torch in Baltimore Commemorates Ukrainian Genocide". eNewsChannels. Retrieved 13 March 20124. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  10. ^ Jacobs, Dan Norman; Paul, Ellen Frankel (1981). Studies of the Third Wave: Recent Migration of Soviet Jews to the United States. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, Inc. ISBN 0865311439. Retrieved 2014-03-13. According to figures from national HIAS, the percentage of Ukrainians in the national population of emigrés is almost exactly the same as in the Baltimore contingent, i.e., about 70%. This fact is of considerable importance because the Ukraine has been (and still is) an area of endemic anti-Semitism with deep roots in the past. In recent years, some of the most vicious examples of blatant anti-Semitic literature--some of it so offensive that it was eventually withdrawn--have been published by Ukrainian authors. As will be seen later, the presence of anti-Semitism is a major factor in the decision to emigrate. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |trans_title=, |deadurl=, and |subscription= (help)
  11. ^ "For Baltimore Ukrainian community, events a world away hit home". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2014-03-05. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  12. ^ "Baltimore's Ukrainians worry amid overseas crisis". WBAL-TV. Retrieved 2014-03-05.