Chitral: Difference between revisions
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| area_total_km2 = 14,850 |
| area_total_km2 = 14,850 |
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| elevation_footnotes = |
| elevation_footnotes = |
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| elevation_m = 1, |
| elevation_m = 1,500 |
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| population_total = |
| population_total = 247,000 |
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| population_as_of = |
| population_as_of = 1995 |
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| population_rank = |
| population_rank = |
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| population_density_km2 = auto |
| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| population_demonym = |
| population_demonym = |
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| population_footnotes = |
| population_footnotes = |
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| |
| Xdemographics_type1 = Languages |
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| Xdemographics1_title1 = Official language |
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| demographics1_info1 =[[Chitrali language|Chitrali]], [[Urdu language|Urdu]], [[English language|English]] |
| demographics1_info1 =[[Chitrali language|Chitrali]], [[Urdu language|Urdu]], [[English language|English]] |
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| timezone1 = [[Pakistan Standard Time|PST]] |
| timezone1 = [[Pakistan Standard Time|PST]] |
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| footnotes = |
| footnotes = |
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}} |
}} |
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[[File:Qaqlasht Booni.jpg|thumb|Qaqlasht, a picnic point at [[ |
[[File:Qaqlasht Booni.jpg|thumb|Qaqlasht, a picnic point at [[Buni]], Chitral]] |
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'''Chitral''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|چترال}}}}, {{lang-khw|{{Nastaliq|چھترار}}}} also spelled as "Kashkar" or ''Chetrar'', translated as ''field''), is the capital of the [[Chitral District]], situated on the western bank of the [[Kunar River|Chitral River]] (also called Kunar River), in [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], [[Pakistan]]. It also served as the capital of the [[Chitral (princely state)|princely state of Chitral]] until 1969. The town is at the foot of [[Tirich Mir]], the highest peak of the [[Hindu Kush]], which is {{convert|25289|ft|m|abbr=on}} high. It has a population of 20,000.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} The elevation of the valley is {{convert|3700|ft|m|abbr=on}}. |
'''Chitral''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|چترال}}}}, {{lang-khw|{{Nastaliq|چھترار}}}} also spelled as "Kashkar" or ''Chetrar'', translated as ''field''), is the capital of the [[Chitral District]], situated on the western bank of the [[Kunar River|Chitral River]] (also called Kunar River), in [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], [[Pakistan]]. It also served as the capital of the [[Chitral (princely state)|princely state of Chitral]] until 1969. The town is at the foot of [[Tirich Mir]], the highest peak of the [[Hindu Kush]], which is {{convert|25289|ft|m|abbr=on}} high. It has a population of 20,000.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} The elevation of the valley is {{convert|3700|ft|m|abbr=on}}. |
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==Climate== |
==Climate== |
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In contrast to more southerly areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the town of Chitral has a dry [[Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] |
In contrast to more southerly areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the town of Chitral has a dry [[Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] |
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<div style="width:82%;"> |
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{{Weather box |
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|location = Chitral |
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|single line = Y |
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|metric first = Y |
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|Jan record high C = 16.9 |
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|Feb record high C = 21.0 |
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|Mar record high C = 28.0 |
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|Apr record high C = 34.3 |
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|May record high C = 38.3 |
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|Jun record high C = 42.5 |
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|Jul record high C = 44.4 |
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|Aug record high C = 42.2 |
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|Sep record high C = 39.8 |
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|Oct record high C = 34.4 |
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|Nov record high C = 27.0 |
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|Dec record high C = 20.7 |
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|Jan high C = 8.8 |
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|Feb high C = 9.9 |
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|Mar high C = 15.1 |
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|Apr high C = 22.5 |
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|May high C = 28.2 |
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|Jun high C = 34.4 |
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|Jul high C = 35.9 |
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|Aug high C = 34.4 |
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|Sep high C = 31.1 |
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|Oct high C = 25.1 |
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|Nov high C = 18.7 |
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|Dec high C = 11.6 |
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|year high C = 23.0 |
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|Jan mean C = 4.1 |
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|Feb mean C = 5.3 |
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|Mar mean C = 9.6 |
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|Apr mean C = 15.5 |
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|May mean C = 20.3 |
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|Jun mean C = 26.1 |
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|Jul mean C = 28.0 |
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|Aug mean C = 26.5 |
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|Sep mean C = 22.1 |
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|Oct mean C = 16.2 |
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|Nov mean C = 10.8 |
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|Dec mean C = 5.9 |
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|year mean C = 15.9 |
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|Jan low C = −0.6 |
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|Feb low C = 0.6 |
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|Mar low C = 4.2 |
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|Apr low C = 8.5 |
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|May low C = 12.5 |
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|Jun low C = 17.8 |
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|Jul low C = 20.2 |
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|Aug low C = 18.7 |
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|Sep low C = 13.1 |
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|Oct low C = 7.2 |
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|Nov low C = 2.9 |
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|Dec low C = 0.2 |
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|year low C = 8.8 |
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|Jan record low C = -11.0 |
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|Feb record low C = -11.0 |
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|Mar record low C = -3.7 |
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|Apr record low C = 0.0 |
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|May record low C = 4.4 |
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|Jun record low C = 8.9 |
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|Jul record low C = 11.1 |
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|Aug record low C = 10.6 |
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|Sep record low C = 5.6 |
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|Oct record low C = 1.1 |
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|Nov record low C = -3.0 |
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|Dec record low C = -12.2 |
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|precipitation colour=green |
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|Jan precipitation mm = 38.4 |
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|Feb precipitation mm = 63.8 |
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|Mar precipitation mm = 97.3 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = 71.7 |
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|May precipitation mm = 43.9 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = 5.1 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = 4.9 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = 8.0 |
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|Sep precipitation mm = 7.3 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = 15.6 |
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|Nov precipitation mm = 20.4 |
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|Dec precipitation mm = 38.5 |
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|Jan sun = 134.0 |
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|Feb sun = 133.7 |
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|Mar sun = 150.4 |
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|Apr sun = 188.6 |
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|May sun = 247.0 |
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|Jun sun = 286.3 |
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|Jul sun = 285.4 |
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|Aug sun = 258.6 |
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|Sep sun = 231.0 |
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|Oct sun = 214.0 |
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|Nov sun = 182.5 |
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|Dec sun = 130.7 |
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|source 1 =NOAA (1971-1990) <ref name= NOAA>{{cite web |
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|url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/PK/41506.TXT |
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|title = Chitral Climate Normals 1971-1990 |
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|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |
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|accessdate = January 16, 2013}}</ref> |
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|date=November 2011 |
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}} |
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</div> |
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==Demographics== |
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{{PakistanCensusPop |
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| title = Chitral growth |
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|1971= 156105 |
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|1981= 303351 |
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|1991= 466651 |
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|2001= 540069 |
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|2011= 626959 |
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|estimate= |
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|estyear= |
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|estref= |
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|footnote= Source: [[Census of Pakistan]],<!--<ref name="REVISED ACTION PLAN FOR CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION IN Chitral">--> |
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}} |
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[[Khowar language|Khowar]] is the most widely spoken language, while English and [[Urdu]] are understood and spoken. And has a great Chitrali influence as it was the bastion of the 52.3% of Chitral's population is in the 15–59 years age category. Around 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.{{citation needed|date=October 2014}} |
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==Educational institutions== |
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*'''University of Chitral''' |
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*Virtuall university of pakistan |
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*New City College |
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*Chitral University Campus |
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*Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University |
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*Qutaiba Public School Chitral Denin |
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*Chitral Model College Chitral |
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*Government Technical and Vocational College, Garum Chassma Road, Chitral |
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*Government Degree College |
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*Government Girls Degree College |
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*University of Booni |
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*Government Centennial Model High School |
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*Government Centennial Model School for Girls |
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*Government College of Commerce |
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*Frontier Corp Public School |
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*Chitral Public School & College, (Chitral's first English Medium School) |
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*[[Langlands School and College]], formerly known as Sayurj Public School |
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*Pamir Public School |
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*Pearl College of Education |
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*Orion School Of learning Booni |
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*Oxford School And College Booni |
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*Iqra Model School |
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*AFAQ model school and college, denin chitral |
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*Terichmir Model School |
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*Al-Nasir Community Based School, Garam Chashma |
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*Chamber of Commerce College, Garam Chashma |
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*Al-Nasir Cbs School and Degree College, Garam Chashma |
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*Injigan Ideal Public school, (Garam chashma) |
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*Model School, Warijun Mullkhow |
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*Govt High School for Boys, Warijun Mullkhow |
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*Drosh Public School, Drosh |
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*Muslim Model School, Jughoor |
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*Jinnah Public School, Drosh |
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*Broze Public School & College, Broze Chitral |
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*Broze Model College For Girls, Broze Chitral |
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*Seen public school |
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*Oriental Model School, Booni |
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*Oriental Model College, Booni |
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*Frontier Corps Public Schools and Colleges (FCPS&C) |
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*Govt High School Koghuzi, Chitral |
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*Govt High School Kuju, Chitral |
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==Administration== |
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Chitral is represented in the [[National Assembly of Pakistan|National Assembly]]<ref>http://www2.ecp.gov.pk/vsite/ElectionResult/AllResults.aspx?assemblyid=NA</ref> and [[Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Provincial Assembly]] by one elected MNA and two elected MPAs.<ref>[http://www.panwfp.gov.pk/index.php/members/bydistrict/en/9/66 Constituencies and MPAs - Website of the Provincial Assembly of the NWFP]{{dead link|date=December 2013}}</ref> |
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== Population == |
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As of July 2014, the Chitral population is above one million.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} |
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== Sport == |
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Unlike the rest of Pakistan where [[cricket]] dominates, [[polo]] and [[soccer]] are more popular in Chitral. A number of sport festivals and tournaments are held throughout the year. Chitral has also produced some national players such as [[Muhammad Rasool]] who plays for the [[Pakistan national football team|national football team]]. |
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==Newspapers== |
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A few number of newspapers are published by Chitral Press |
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*Chitral Today |
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*Chitral Times |
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*Chitral News |
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*Awaaz-e-Chitral |
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*The Kalash Times |
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*Chitral Vision |
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*Weekly Chitral |
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==Notes== |
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{{reflist}} |
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== References == |
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* {{cite book |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_work.asp?id=32850 |last=Decker |first=D. Kendall |year=1992 |title=Languages of Chitral }} |
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* {{cite book |author=Durand, Col. A. |year=1899 |url=http://www.tertullian.org/rpearse/scanned/durand.htm |title=The Making of a frontier}} |
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* {{cite book |author=Leitner, G. W. |year=1893 |title=Dardistan in 1866, 1886 and 1893: Being An Account of the History, Religions, Customs, Legends, Fables and Songs of Gilgit, Chilas, Kandia (Gabrial) Yasin, Chitral, Hunza, Nagyr and other parts of the Hindukush, as also a supplement to the second edition of The Hunza and Nagyr Handbook. And An Epitome of Part III of the author’s The Languages and Races of Dardistan | edition=First reprint |publisher= Manjusri Publishing House |location= New Delhi}} |
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== External links == |
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{{wikivoyage|Chitral}} |
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{{commons category}} |
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* [http://www.khyberpakhtunkhwa.gov.pk/ Government of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa] |
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{{Pakistan topics}} |
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[[Category:Chitral]] |
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[[Category:Populated places in Chitral District]] |
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[[Category:Hill stations in Pakistan]] |
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[[Category:Populated places along the Silk Road]] |
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Revision as of 15:27, 15 July 2015
Chitral
چترا ل کاشکر | |
|---|---|
City | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| State | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa |
| District | Chitral District |
| Established | 1969 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal corporation |
| Area | |
| • Total | 14,850 km2 (5,730 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,500 m (4,900 ft) |
| Population (1995) | |
| • Total | 247,000 |
| • Density | 17/km2 (43/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
| Post Codes | 1720 - 0xx[1] |
| Area code | +943-7 |
| Website | Official Website |
Chitral (Urdu: چترال, Khowar: چھترار also spelled as "Kashkar" or Chetrar, translated as field), is the capital of the Chitral District, situated on the western bank of the Chitral River (also called Kunar River), in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It also served as the capital of the princely state of Chitral until 1969. The town is at the foot of Tirich Mir, the highest peak of the Hindu Kush, which is 25,289 ft (7,708 m) high. It has a population of 20,000.[citation needed] The elevation of the valley is 3,700 ft (1,100 m).
Geography and access
The easiest access to Chitral, other than by air, is from the southwest along the Kunar Valley. However the Afghan-Pakistan border (Durand Line) and cross border tensions prevent this from being used as an internal route to the rest of Pakistan. There are other routes are over high mountain passes; to the south, the 3,200-metre (10,500 ft) Lowari Pass leads 365 kilometres (227 mi) to Peshawar. In the north, the easiest route during summer runs over the 3,798-metre (12,461 ft) Broghol pass. To the east, there is a 405 kilometres (252 mi) route to Gilgit over the 3,719-metre (12,201 ft) Shandur Pass. The territory is cut off by snow from the rest of the country for up to six months a year, a problem soon to be relieved by the completion of the Lowari Tunnel.[when?]
History
Nothing definitive is recorded about the town’s first settlers. In the 3rd century AD, Kanishka, the Buddhist ruler of the Kushan empire, occupied Chitral. In the 4th century AD, the Chinese overran the valley. Raees rule over Chitral began in 1320 and came to an end in the 15th century. From 1571 onwards Chitral was the capital of the princely state of Chitral.[2]
Climate
In contrast to more southerly areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the town of Chitral has a dry Mediterranean climate (Köppen
- ^ "Post Codes". Pakistan Post Office. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
- ^ "Chitral, a Study in Statecraft" (PDF). IUCN.