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Native Americans and organizations advocating change

In the 1940s the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) created a campaign to eliminate negative stereotyping of Native American people in the media. Over time, the campaign began to focus on Indian names and mascots in sports.[1] The NCAI maintains that teams with mascots such as the Braves and the Redskins perpetuate negative stereotypes of Native American people, and demean their native traditions and rituals.[2] The NCAI issued a new report in 2013 summarizing opposition to Indian mascots and team names generally, and the Washington Redskins in particular.[3] In the trademark case, the TTAB placed significance on the NCAI opposition, estimating that the organization represented about 30% of the Native American population at the time the trademarks were granted, which met their criteria for a "substantial composite" of Native Americans finding the name disparaging.[4]

The following groups have passed resolutions or issued statements regarding their opposition to the name of the Washington NFL team:

Tribes

2

Organizations

2

After accepting $200,000 from the Washington Redskins Original Americans Foundation for the prior year, the Indian National Finals Rodeo (INFR), which says it is the U.S.' and Canada's largest rodeo organization for Native Americans, sent a letter refusing any further donations. INFR Vice President Michael Bo Vocu stated “After much soul searching, we have decided that we cannot in good conscience accept resources from you on the terms you have offered, no matter how desperately we need it ... because, as you know, the resources you are offering are not truly philanthropic -- they come with the expectation that we will support the racial slur that continues to promote your associated professional football team’s name.” Last year the Redskins primary logo appeared at many Native rodeo events, creating a backlash from those offended by it.[26]

Individuals

Interviews at a powwow in Towson, Maryland find several Native Americans who favor a change of the Redskins name.[27]

These Native Americans have put their opposition to the Redskins' name on the public record:

2

Editorial policies regarding use of the name

The Associated Press (AP) stylebook review committee is considering whether Redskins is an offensive term that should be removed from its stories.[58] Major news organizations continue to use the Redskins name;[59] however, the following publications limit their use of the team nickname, although most said they would not strike "Redskins" from quotations:

  • The Portland Oregonian (April 1992): Following Native American protests at the World Series and Super Bowl, the editor made the decision to stop using all Native American names.[60]
  • Kansas City Star (September 24, 2012): The Star's public editor defended his publications' "longtime policy" of avoiding the term "Washington Redskins" by finding "no compelling reason ... to reprint an egregiously offensive term as a casual matter of course."[61]
  • Washington City Paper (October 18, 2012): The alt weekly WCP unveiled the results of its readers poll, referring to the capital's NFL team thereafter only as "Washington Pigskins" (or "'Skins") "instead of the name the team prefers, which is a pejorative term for Native Americans."[62]
  • The New Republic's editor, Franklin Foer, tweeted that his publication would follow Slate's "air-tight" logic and drop "Redskins" from its stylebook.[63]
  • Mother Jones magazine said it would be "tweaking our house style guide" by following Slate, The New Republic, and the Washington City Paper, referring thereafter to "Washington's pro football team."[64]
  • The Richmond Free Press announced October 17, 2013 that it will no longer use the Washington NFL team name in news or editorial columns because it is "insulting to Native Americans, racist, and divisive".[65]
  • San Francisco Chronicle (October 30, 2013): The Chronicle's managing editor Audrey Cooper told KCBS that the paper would refer to the team as "Washington," adding, "Why should we err on the side of using an offensive term when we don't have to?[66]
  • The Syracuse New Times (October 30, 2013)[67]
  • Orange County Register (November 7, 2013): Speaking on 'Redskins,' OCR sports editor Todd Harmonson said, "It is the Register’s policy to avoid using such slurs, so we will not use this one, except in stories about the controversy surrounding its use."[68]
  • The Seattle Times (June 18, 2014) [69]
  • The Detroit News (June 25, 2014) [70]
  • The Washington Business Journal (August 1, 2014) [71]
  • The New York Daily News (September 3, 2014) will stop using both the name and the logo in its reporting.[72]
  • The Charlotte Observer (September 7, 2014) will stop using the name unless reporting on the controversy.[73]

These publications, while continuing to print the name, have published editorials advocating a change:

Washington Post

The Washington Post is the oldest and largest newspaper in the team's hometown. The Post first published an editorial in opposition to the name in 1992, saying it "is really pretty offensive."[81] An editorial on July 28, 2014 took note of the increasing number of individual and organizations advocating a change: "Every new objection to the use of the word makes it harder for Mr. Snyder to kid himself that he’s helping his team or its fans by holding onto a name that, at bottom, is a racial slur with no place in civilized society." [82]

On August 22, 2014 The Post took the additional step of stating that the name will no longer be used in editorials, although it will continue to appear in other sections of the newspaper: "Unlike our colleagues who cover sports and other news, we on the editorial board have the luxury of writing about the world as we would like it to be."[83] In addition, there are several writers/columnists for The Post (see section below) that have taken a personal stand in opposition to the continued use of the name.

Online publications

  • DCist (February 11, 2013): The Washington-area news website DCist published an editorial announcing it would refer to the local NFL club as the Washington football team instead of its trademarked name, which DCist agreed is "distasteful, vulgar, and racist."[84]
  • Slate in a story (August 8, 2013) stated, "This is the last Slate article that will refer to the Washington NFL team as the Redskins."[85]
  • Sports Grid (September 17, 2013)[86]
  • The Capital News Service (October 31, 2013): This news wire service at the Merrill College of Journalism at the University of Maryland said it would thereafter call the team "Washington’s NFL franchise."[87]
  • The District Sports Page, on the inevitability of the name change: "As long as this issue remains in the public conscience, the Redskins will be compelled to address it. As I said, however, they have yet to find an adequate defense for keeping the name. How much longer can they keep up the charade?"[88]

Broadcast media

Robert Lipsyte states that there has been discussion about the use of the name at ESPN, but it is unlikely that it or any other major sports network will stop using Redskins in reporting due to a general consensus that it should report the news (including the controversy) but not take sides, and that taking sides would injure their ability to cover the games. There are also the corporate affiliations that make it unlikely.[89] Steven Gaydos, Vice President & Executive Editor of Variety states his opinion that the broadcast networks should tackle the Redskins name issue.[90] Both the NFL and CBS Sports state that it is entirely up to individual announcers whether they use the name when covering a game.[91]

While not banning Redskins for it broadcasts, National Public Radio (NPR) has advised against the use of the name, stating: "As a responsible broadcaster, NPR has always set a high bar on use of language that may be offensive to our audience. Use of such language on the air has been strictly limited to situations where it is absolutely integral to the meaning and spirit of the story being told." [92] The NPR ombudsman Edward Schumacher-Matos states that the new guideline will likely result in the name rarely being used again on NPR.[93] At the beginning of the 2014 season, several networks report that the number of times "Redskins" was spoken during televised NFL game broadcasts has fallen 42% in 10 weeks compared to the same 10 week period in the previous year, while the use of "Washington" is up 10%.[94] An analysis of the entire 2014 regular season shows a 27% decline in the use of the name in NFL broadcasts compared to the prior year.[95]

Individual opinions

  • Dr. John Carlos, addressing the owner's response to protests: "To this day, there has been no real negotiation or real listening and understanding that I know of."[96]
  • Paul Kendrick, author of two books on the history of race relations and lifelong Redskins fan, writes about his realization that the name should change: "Often social progress happens in America when people get beyond an abstract idea and talk with the neighbors and friends who are actually affected. That rarely happens on this issue since too few of us interact with people we recognize as Native Americans on a daily basis."[97]
  • Ralph Nader: While advocating a name change, states that this should not be a substitute for addressing the deeper problems faced by Native Americans.[98]
  • Stephen Pevar, Senior Staff Attorney, ACLU: "Our society continues to evolve. Many words that were in common usage decades ago have been relegated to the garbage heap because they are recognized today as demeaning and derogatory. [...] The team has a proud history and dedicated fans. Hopefully the team will soon adopt a name that isn't racially derogatory."[99]
  • Thomas G. Smith, professor of history at Nichols College, sees a parallel between the current debate and the resistance to racial integration 50 years ago, when the Redskins became the last NFL team to have a black player.[100]
  • Jordan Wright, granddaughter of the original owner of the team, George Preston Marshall: "They need to change the name. In this day and age, it's just not right."[101]

Advocates in sports for changing the name

2

Sports writers/commentators

The following individuals in the media have taken a position that the name should be changed, some also deciding that they will stop using it in their own reporting. However, one Native American journalist has observed that in the era of social media, not using the name is counter-productive since the team and its supporters will not know about opposing views in online articles or tweets that do not include the name of the team in a form that can be identified by search engines.[125]

3

Other journalists/columnists

3
  1. ^ J Gordon Hylton (2010-01-01). "BEFORE THE REDSKINS WERE THE REDSKINS: THE USE OF NATIVE AMERICAN TEAM NAMES IN THE FORMATIVE ERA OF AMERICAN SPORTS, 1857-1933". 86. North Dakota law review: 879. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. ^ "Anti-Defamation and Mascots". National Congress of American Indians. Retrieved 12 January 2013.
  3. ^ "NCAI Releases Report on History and Legacy of Washington's Harmful "Indian" Sports Mascot". Retrieved October 11, 2013.
  4. ^ Ryan Van Bibber (June 19, 2014). "12 questions (and answers) that explain the 'Redskins' trademark case". SB*Nation.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g "Supporters of Change". Retrieved 2014-01-21.
  6. ^ "Hoh Indian Tribe: Letter to The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Chairwoman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs" (PDF). 2013-10-17.
  7. ^ "Letter to The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Chairwoman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs" (PDF). 2013-11-01.
  8. ^ Gene Lehmann. "Leaders of Five Tribes gather at Chickasaw Nation's Artesian Hotel for Intertribal Council". Chickasaw Times. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  9. ^ "Resolution Supporting Renaming of the Washington Redskins" (PDF). July 10, 2013.
  10. ^ "A Resolution Supporting Renaming of the Washington "Redskins"" (PDF). 2013-10-10.
  11. ^ Theresa Vargas; Annys Shin (November 16, 2013). "Oneida Indian Nation is the tiny tribe taking on the NFL and Dan Snyder over Redskins name". The Washington Post.
  12. ^ Eliott C. McLaughlin (September 24, 2014). "Tribal chief: No FedEx until Redskins change team name". CNN U.S. Archived from the original on October 3, 2014. Retrieved October 2, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ Associated Press (April 11, 2014). "Navajo Council, UN expert criticize Redskins name". KOMO news.
  14. ^ "Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin: Letter to The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Chairwoman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs" (PDF). September 10, 2013.
  15. ^ "Letter to The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Chairwoman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs" (PDF). 2013-09-23.
  16. ^ "Samish Indian Nation: Letter to The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Chairwoman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs" (PDF). 2013-10-23.
  17. ^ "Letter to The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Chairwoman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs" (PDF). September 12, 2013.
  18. ^ "Letter to The Honorable Mike Crapo" (PDF). 2013-10-17.
  19. ^ "Resolution of the Governing Body of the Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation: Renaming the Washington "Redskins"" (PDF).
  20. ^ "USET Resolution No. 2014:015 CALLING ON THE NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE TO END THE USE OF THE WASHINGTON D.C. RACIALLY OFFENSIVE SLUR TEAM MASCOT NAME" (PDF). 2013-10-31.
  21. ^ "National Coalition on Racism in Sports and Media". Retrieved January 21, 2014.
  22. ^ Rick Maranon (July 15, 2014). "Native Americans urge Redskin name change". Fox23, Tulsa OK.
  23. ^ "Letter to Chair of Senate Committee on Indian Affairs" (PDF). 2013-10-07.
  24. ^ Kara Briggs; Dan Lewerenz (2003). "Reading Red Report 2003 — A Call for the News Media to Recognize Racism in Sports Team Nicknames and Mascots" (PDF). University of Illinois. Native American Journalists Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 3, 2010. Retrieved September 27, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  25. ^ "Tulsa Coalition Supports Bill To Ban Indian Mascots". January 30, 2009.
  26. ^ Travis Waldron (September 4, 2015). "Native American Rodeo Breaks With DC Football Team's Charity Over 'Racial Slur' Name". The Huffington Post.
  27. ^ "Many Native Americans Back Push To Change Redskins Name". CBS Baltimore. November 9, 2013.
  28. ^ Bill Moyers (April 16, 2013). "Sherman Alexie on Living Outside Cultural Borders". Truthout. Archived from the original on December 27, 2013. Retrieved September 27, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  29. ^ a b Bruce Anderson (September 12, 2014). "Washington NFL team's name only preserves Native American stereotypes". Washington Post.
  30. ^ "Pocahontas Demands Name Change". TMZ. August 18, 2014.
  31. ^ Dan Steinberg (February 25, 2013). "Notah Begay calls Redskins nickname 'institutionalized degradation'". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 26, 2013.
  32. ^ Amy Goodman; Juan González (November 8, 2013). "Change the Mascot: Pressure Grows for NFL Team to Drop Redskins Name and Logo as Thousands Protest". Democracy Now!. Archived from the original on November 9, 2013. Retrieved September 27, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  33. ^ Bob Burns (October 10, 2013). "Blackfeet Elder Says Rick Reilly Misquoted Him; Wants 'Redskins' Banned". Indian Country Today. Archived from the original on October 10, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  34. ^ Ben Nuckols (May 2, 2013). "US poll finds widespread support for Redskins name". AP News. Archived from the original on May 5, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  35. ^ Greg Deal (October 26, 2014). "Anger, Aggression and Grab-assing Indigenous Identity". Indian Country Today.
  36. ^ Teresa Wiltz (November 16, 2005). "The Indian Who Overturned The Stereotypes". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 28, 2014.
  37. ^ Jim Enote (August 11, 2014). "We Are Not Redskins". Indian Country Today.
  38. ^ Erik Brady (August 11, 2014). "Tribal member says Dan Snyder dismissed name complaint". USA TODAY Sports.
  39. ^ Allegra Hobbs (September 30, 2014). "Washington Football Team Has a 'Disregard for Basic Human Dignity,' Says Native American Author". New York Magazine.
  40. ^ Sam Perkins (Jul 21, 2014). "The pain behind the name: Bedford's Claudia Fox Tree, a member of the Arawak Nation, talks about the controversy surronding [sic] the Washington Redskins". Bedford Minuteman.
  41. ^ "American Indian Museum Holds Public Debate On Redskins' Name". WUSA 9. February 7, 2013. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  42. ^ David Gianatasio (September 11, 2013). "Will Controversial Sports Team Names Be Gone in Five Years? Prominent Native American activist says yes". Adweek. Archived from the original on September 13, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  43. ^ Robert Klemko (December 31, 2014). "Redskins: Right or Wrong?". Sports Illustrated.
  44. ^ Troy Machir (February 3, 2015). "Wisconsin's Koenig embraces Native American heritage, dismisses 'Redskin' name as sign of honor". Sporting News.
  45. ^ "The Messenger [album lyrics]". Litefoot.com. Archived from the original on December 27, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  46. ^ Dana Lone Hill (April 30, 2014). "The refusal to rename the Redskins is far worse than Sterling's racist remarks". theguardian.com.
  47. ^ Dirk Lammers, "Russell Means, Indian Activist and Fighting Sioux Nickname Critic, Dies at 72," Associated Press (October 22, 2012), http://www.wdaz.com/event/article/id/15378/#sthash.E0OseRD4.dpuf
  48. ^ Brian Daffron (November 9, 2013). "Billy Mills: Redskins Name Calls to Mind 'Our Own Holocaust'". Indian Country Today. Archived from the original on November 11, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  49. ^ Mike Florio (June 19, 2013). "Former NHL coach doesn't want to be called "Redskin"". NBC Sports. Archived from the original on June 24, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  50. ^ Sean Piccoli (September 8, 2014). "Osage Nation's Ryan Red Corn: Redskins Owner Snyder an 'Idiot'". Newsmax.
  51. ^ Erik Brady (November 6, 2013). "Redskins' Daniel Snyder meets with Alabama tribe". USA Today.
  52. ^ "The False Binary of the 'Redskins' Controversy". The Huffington Post. October 30, 2013.
  53. ^ ICTMN Staff (November 8, 2013). "Hoops Star Shoni Schimmel Says Redskins Name Should Go". Indian Country Today. Retrieved September 29, 2014.
  54. ^ Charlene Teters (n.d.). "American Indians Are People, Not Mascots". National Coalition on Racism in Sports & Media. Archived from the original on July 17, 2001. Retrieved September 29, 2014.
  55. ^ Jordann Lucero (18 June 2014). "Oklahomans split on Redskins trademark decision". Fox 25.
  56. ^ Mike Boehm (March 29, 2014). "Redskins owner's new charity scores no points with Autry's West". The LA Times.
  57. ^ Ray Young Bear (August 22, 2014). "Words matter". The Gazette.
  58. ^ Rick Snider (March 30, 2015). "Redskins Name Faces Watershed Moment". CBS DC.
  59. ^ Jeff Bercovici (2013-09-04). "New York Times, AP Will Keep Using 'Redskins' Name, For Now". Forbes. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  60. ^ Chris Kent. "Oregonian Shuts Out Redskins, Braves".
  61. ^ Derek Donovan (September 24, 2012). "Star policy on Washington NFL team's name". The Kansas City Star. Archived from the original on September 29, 2012. Retrieved September 9, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  62. ^ Mike Madden (October 18, 2012). "Hail to the Pigskins!". Washington City Paper. Archived from the original on October 18, 2012. Retrieved September 9, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  63. ^ Matt Cohen (August 8, 2013). "The New Republic Joins Slate, Won't Use Washington Football Team's Racist Name". DCist. Archived from the original on August 12, 2013. Retrieved September 9, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  64. ^ Ian Gordon (August 9, 2013). "Ditching the Redskins, Once and for All". Mother Jones. Archived from the original on August 10, 2013. Retrieved September 9, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  65. ^ "Redskins name change: Richmond Free Press says it won't print "Redskins"". ABC7 WJLA-TV. Washington, D.C. October 18, 2013. Retrieved September 29, 2014.
  66. ^ Melissa Curlos (October 30, 2013). "San Francisco Chronicle Will Not Use Washington Redskins Name". KCBS radio.
  67. ^ Renee K. Gadoua (October 30, 2013). "What's in a Name? - Syracuse New Times drops a name".
  68. ^ Michael Lev (November 7, 2013). "ESPN Can't Flex,But MNF is Still Strong".
  69. ^ Don Shelton (June 18, 2014). "Why we're banning Redskins in The Seattle Times". The Seattle Times.
  70. ^ Scott Allen (June 25, 2014). "Detroit News bans use of 'Redskins' in football coverage". The Washington Post.
  71. ^ Douglas Fruehling (Aug 1, 2014). "We won't use 'Redskins' anymore". The Washington Business Journal.
  72. ^ "Sack the name". New York Daily News. September 3, 2014.
  73. ^ Michael Persinger (September 6, 2014). "Observer to avoid use of Washington NFL team's nickname". The Charlotte Observer. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  74. ^ "Time to punt this name into history". The Utica Observer-Dispatch. September 17, 2013.
  75. ^ "Not all that's offensive from Washington involves Congress". Las Cruces Sun-News. October 12, 2013.
  76. ^ The Denver Post Editorial Board (October 26, 2013). ""Redskins" no more". The Denver Post.
  77. ^ "Get rid of the Redskins nickname". Brainerd Dispatch. October 28, 2013.
  78. ^ "Redskins should change name: Let the fans choose a new name for the Washington Redskins". The Chicago Tribune. November 30, 2013.
  79. ^ "The Thickskins". The Frederick News-Post. December 28, 2013.
  80. ^ "Cut your losses, Washington Redskins, and sack the slur". Los Angeles Times. May 25, 2014.
  81. ^ Editorial Board (March 5, 1992). "The Redskin Issue". The Washington Post.
  82. ^ "Redskins name gets even harder for Daniel Snyder to defend". The Washington Post. July 28, 2014.
  83. ^ Editorial Board (August 22, 2014). "Washington Post editorials will no longer use 'Redskins' for the local NFL team". The Washington Post.
  84. ^ "We Are Very Proud to Omit the Name of the Local NFL Team "
  85. ^ David Plotz (August 8, 2013). "The Washington _________: Why Slate will no longer refer to Washington's NFL team as the Redskins". Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  86. ^ Matt Rudnitsky (September 17, 2013). "We Need You To Come Up With A Better Name Than The 'Redskins': What's The Wittiest You've Got?". SportsGrid.
  87. ^ David Ottalini (October 31, 2013). "Merrill College's Capital News Service Will No Longer Use the Name "Redskins""". University of Maryland. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
  88. ^ J.J. Regan (June 16, 2014). "For Washington Redskins, a name change is just a matter of time". District Sports Pages.
  89. ^ Robert Lipsyte (September 6, 2013). "So what if ESPN refused to use the R-word?". ESPN.
  90. ^ Steven Gaydos. "Hey, Broadcast Chiefs: Time To Tackle Redskins' Racist Mascot Problem". Variety.
  91. ^ Joe Flint (July 17, 2014). "NFL doesn't have problem if announcers opt not to say 'Redskins'". The Los Angeles Times.
  92. ^ "Redskins name controversy: NPR advises limited use of team name". Sports Illustrated. October 15, 2014.
  93. ^ Edward Schumacher-Matos (October 14, 2014). "Changing Field: A New Guideline On What To Call That Washington Football Team".
  94. ^ Timothy Burke (November 14, 2014). "Deadspin".
  95. ^ Timothy Burke (December 30, 2014). ""Redskins" Mentions Down 27% On NFL Game Broadcasts In 2014". Deadspin.
  96. ^ Dave Zirin (June 4, 2014). "John Carlos Stands Up to an NFL Slur". The Nation.
  97. ^ Paul Kendrick (October 6, 2014). "How I Realized Loving the Washington Redskins Means Demanding a Name Change". The Huffington Post.
  98. ^ Ralph Nader (2013-11-14). ""Redskins": More Than Just a Name".
  99. ^ Stephen Pevar (2013-11-25). "Why "Redskins" Is Wrong". ACLU.
  100. ^ Thomas G. Smith (November 14, 2013). "JFK, Obama: Redskins needs to change". CNN. Retrieved November 18, 2013.
  101. ^ Leonard Shapiro (July 16, 2014). "Op-Ed: Marshalling One Key Vote On An NFL Team Name Change". Leesburg Today.
  102. ^ Patrick Clarke (June 11, 2014). "Champ Bailey Comments on Controversial Redskins Name". Bleacher Report.
  103. ^ Chris Tomasson (November 1, 2014). "Redskins name change 'festered by liberals,' former QB Billy Kilmer says". Pioneer Press.
  104. ^ "Mike Carey, longtime NFL referee, avoided Washington's games because of the name". Washington Post. August 20, 2014.
  105. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference FPA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  106. ^ Dan Steinberg (September 11, 2014). "Former Redskin Terry Crews thinks team should change its name". The Washington Post.
  107. ^ a b Nick Stillman (February 9, 2001). "Dolan Defends Logo That Students Call Racist". The Oberlin Review. Retrieved June 12, 2013.
  108. ^ Dan Steinberg (May 1, 2014). "London Fletcher started feeling 'a little bit uneasy' about Redskins name". The Washington Post.
  109. ^ a b c Dan Steinberg (June 14, 2013). "Phil Jackson, Scott Fujita, Taiwanese animators on 'Redskins'". The Washington Post.
  110. ^ John Torres (June 19, 2014). "Former Redskins player says team should change name". FLORIDA TODAY.
  111. ^ Dan Steinberg (May 23, 2014). "Mike Holmgren says Redskins 'absolutely' should change their name". The Washington Post.
  112. ^ Mile Wise (June 3, 2014). "John Carlos, who raised a gloved fist on Olympic podium in 1968, wants to know what today's athletes stand for". The Washington Post.
  113. ^ a b Rodney Harwood (September 9, 2014). "NFL Greats Visit Reservations; Speak Out Against 'Redskins'". Indian Country Today.
  114. ^ "Kluwe Wouldn't Play For Redskins: 'Money Is Nice. Dignity Is Nicer.'". CBS DC. May 29, 2014.
  115. ^ Sean Kirst (October 14, 2013). "Marv Levy on 'Redskins' as a nickname: 'A crude word,' even if intent is not to insult". The Post-Standard. Syacuse, NY.
  116. ^ Mike Florio (July 23, 2013). "Art Monk, Darrell Green think Redskins should consider name change". NBC Sports. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  117. ^ Bob Wolfley (August 6, 2013). "Packers' Mark Murphy on Redskins' nickname: 'Derogatory to a lot of people'". Journal Sentinel.
  118. ^ "Forner NFL Player Roman Oben: Dan Snyder 'Would Make More Money' Changing the Redskins Name". cnsnews.com. December 2, 2013.
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  120. ^ Chris Lingebach (May 8, 2014). "Richard Sherman Speaks Out Against Redskins Name". CBS Local.
  121. ^ "Legendary Quarterback Sonny Sixkiller: Redskins Name 'Is Racist to Me'". Indian Country Today. July 10, 2014.
  122. ^ "Staubach: Change 'Redskins' name if derogatory to Native Americans". Sports Illustrated. October 24, 2014.
  123. ^ Dan Steinberg (May 6, 2014). "Former Redskins player Jason Taylor says Redskins name is offensive". The Washington Post.
  124. ^ Mike Florio (August 26, 2013). "Amy Trask makes case for Redskins to change their name". NBC Sports.
  125. ^ Vincent Schilling (August 8, 2014). "Why I Will Continue to Use 'Redskins' in My Articles and Tweets". Indian Country Today.
  126. ^ James Arcellana (September 27, 2013). "Why I refuse to use the term "Redskins"".
  127. ^ "I'm Fighting Ignorance By Ignoring A Team Name". CBS Chicago. September 11, 2013. Retrieved January 20, 2014.
  128. ^ Jarrett Bell (June 13, 2013). "Bell: Redskins have a history of bigotry". USA TODAY Sports.
  129. ^ Matthew Berry (October 6, 2014). "Hail to Washington's NFL Franchise!". ESPN.com.
  130. ^ Dan Steinberg (June 17, 2014). "Larry King and Terry Bradshaw agree Redskins should change name". The Washington Post.
  131. ^ Christine Brennan (September 12, 2013). "Brennan: It's time I stopped calling team 'Redskins'". USA TODAY Sports. Retrieved September 17, 2013.
  132. ^ Christine Brennan (October 10, 2013). "Brennan: Snyder in a storm Goodell needs to solve". USA Today.
  133. ^ Michael Brick (October 19, 2013). "A Washington Football Fan Breaks With Tradition". The New York Times.
  134. ^ Scott Allen (July 25, 2014). "James Brown on Redskins name change: 'Do the right thing'". The Washington Post.
  135. ^ Scott Allen (August 21, 2014). "London Fletcher talks Robert Griffin III and Redskins name controversy in CBS Sports Network debut". The Washington Post.
  136. ^ Howard Bryant (June 9, 2014). "Battle over nickname continues". ESPN The Magazine.
  137. ^ Dan Steinberg (October 16, 2013). "Cris Collinsworth: 'Redskins' no longer works". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 12, 2013.
  138. ^ Brett LoGiurato (October 14, 2013). "Bob Costas on Redskins name: 'Insult,' 'slur'". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
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  140. ^ Scott Allen (September 24, 2014). "Bob Costas insists the controversy over the Redskins' name is not political correctness run amok". The Washington Post.
  141. ^ Dan Steinberg (September 2, 2014). "Lindsay Czarniak on the Redskins: 'I prefer not to use the name'". The Washington Post.
  142. ^ Frank Deford (July 23, 2014). "The Washington Football Team That Must Not Be Named". PR.
  143. ^ Ty Duffy (March 8, 2013). "The Washington Redskins Should Change Their Name, But Probably Won't". USA Today.
  144. ^ Danny Dundalk (August 11, 2013). "Redskin's racist name needs to be changed". Baltimore Post-Examiner.
  145. ^ Mike Florio (October 8, 2013). "Opponents, proponents of Redskins name are dug in, with no middle ground".
  146. ^ a b The Associated Press (August 18, 2014). "Two influential TV announcers say they won't use 'Redskins' name on NFL telecasts". WJLATV.
  147. ^ Kevin Ewoldt (February 8, 2013). "4 Reasons a Redskins Name Change Should Not Bother You".
  148. ^ Dan Steinberg (May 13, 2013). "John Feinstein says Daniel Snyder 'knows no shame'". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 19, 2013.
  149. ^ Mike Florio (October 5, 2013). "Redskins go on offensive in defending team name". NBC Sports. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
  150. ^ Mike Cardillo (October 15, 2013). "Mike Francesa Schools "Idiot" Caller Who Doesn't Think Redskins' Nickname is Offensive". USA Today Sports.
  151. ^ Mike Freeman (June 10, 2014). "Why Dan Snyder Won't Relent on 'Redskins,' and Why I Did". Bleacher Report.
  152. ^ Christopher L. Gasper (August 5, 2014). "Redskins name needs to be changed". The Boston Globe.
  153. ^ Bob Glauber (September 14, 2013). "Washington Redskins' owner can no longer ignore outrage over nickname". Newsday.
  154. ^ LZ Granderson (February 13, 2013). "Prompting mascot change". ESPN.
  155. ^ Tim Graham (June 10, 2013). "I don't need Daniel Snyder's, NFL's permission to stop saying R-word". The Buffalo News. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
  156. ^ Dan Graziano (June 27, 2013). "'Redskins' and irrelevance of public opinion". ESPN.com.
  157. ^ Dan Steinberg (August 27, 2014). "CBS's Greg Gumbel says he hasn't used 'Redskins' on air for three years". The Washington Post.
  158. ^ Robert Harding (June 10, 2013). "Time for the Washington Redskins to dump their racist name". The Citizen.
  159. ^ Sally Jenkins (February 13, 2013). "On Washington Redskins' name, it's time the grown-ups talk sense into Daniel Snyder". The Washington Post.
  160. ^ Sally Jenkins (June 18, 2014). "The team and NFL should change the Redskins name, not the federal government". The Washington Post.
  161. ^ Roxanne Jones (October 8, 2013). "Obama is right about 'Redskins'". CNN.
  162. ^ Peter King (September 6, 2013). "A note from me about the use of the nickname "Redskins."". The MMQB. Archived from the original on December 7, 2013. Retrieved September 9, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  163. ^ Dan Steinberg (February 14, 2013). "When Tony Kornheiser wrote about the Redskins nickname". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  164. ^ Chris Lingebach (July 18, 2014). "Bleacher Report Writer: 'I Just Can't Bring Myself to' Write 'Redskins'". CBS Local.
  165. ^ Phil Mushnick (October 17, 2013). "Nothing gained in keeping shameful Redskins name". New York Post.
  166. ^ Gareth Makim (September 30, 2013). "NFL of a controversy: Pressure mounts on Washington Redskins to change 'racist' name". Metro UK.
  167. ^ Bud Poliquin (September 11, 2013). "Altogether now: It's time for Washington's NFL team to change its offensive nickname". The Post-Standard.
  168. ^ Mark Purdy (September 28, 2013). "Redskins nickname shameful to NFL". San Jose Mercury News.
  169. ^ a b Trent Baker (July 27, 2015). "Stephen A on Redskins: Owners, Fans Saying They Don't Care About Native Americans' Opinions". Breitbart.
  170. ^ William C. Rhoden (October 12, 2013). "Redskins' Owner Stubbornly Clings to Wrong Side of History". The New York Times. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  171. ^ Michael Klopman (September 2, 2014). "ESPN's 'Monday Night Football' Sideline Reporter Will Not Say 'Redskins'". The Huffington Post.
  172. ^ Barry Horn (October 18, 2013). "Why 'Redskins' was rarely mentioned in Brad Sham's call of the Cowboys-Washington game". The Dallas Morning News.
  173. ^ John Smallwood (June 16, 2013). "Taking a stand against Washington football team's offensive Redskins name". Philadelphia Daily News. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
  174. ^ Rick Snider (February 7, 2013). "The time will come for a change to the 'Redskins' name". The Washington Examiner.
  175. ^ Stephen Sonneveld (July 30, 2012). "Washington Redskins: NFL Celebrates 80 Years of Disparagement". Bleacher Report.
  176. ^ Dan Steinberg (June 13, 2013). "Wilbon: Goodell's support for Redskins name is 'gutless'". The Washington Post.
  177. ^ Mike Wise (January 11, 2013). "Only RGIII can make the Redskins change their name. Here's why he won't". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 17, 2013.
  178. ^ Mike Wise. "Chief Zee, the Redskins and the setting sun". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  179. ^ "wise-washington-redskins-name-change-inevitable".
  180. ^ Steve Wulf (September 3, 2014). "Why use of Native American nicknames is an obvious affront". ESPN.
  181. ^ Clinton Yates (October 7, 2013). "An inclusive solution for D.C.'s NFL team name". The Washington Post.
  182. ^ Tom Garrett (October 9, 2013). "The "Redskins" Nickname Debate, Part Infinity". Hogshaven.
  183. ^ Dave Zirin (February 11, 2013). "Redskins: The Clock Is Now Ticking on Changing the Name". The Nation.
  184. ^ Dave Zirin (June 13, 2013). "Enough — An open letter to Dan Snyder". Grantland. Archived from the original on January 22, 2014. Retrieved September 9, 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  185. ^ Ruben Castaneda (January 4, 2013). "Hell to the Redskins (Why I hate them)". Baltimore Post-Examiner.
  186. ^ Jeff Bercovici (October 14, 2013). "For Redskins, Name Change Is A Question Of When, Not If". Forbes. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
  187. ^ Maureen Dowd (October 8, 2013). "Call an Audible, Dan". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  188. ^ a b c Dan Steinberg (October 7, 2013). "'Face the Nation,' 'This Week' discuss 'Redskins'". The Washington Post.
  189. ^ Erik Brady (June 17, 2014). "Larry King doesn't understand why Dan Snyder won't change the Redskins' name". USA Today.
  190. ^ Charles Krauthammer (October 17, 2013). "Redskins and reason". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2014-01-10.
  191. ^ Dan Steinberg. "MSNBC's Maddow Refers To Redskins As 'R-Words' For Entire Segment". Fox News Channel.
  192. ^ Dana Milbank (October 7, 2013). "For the Washington Redskins, what's in an offensive name? Plenty". The Washington Post.
  193. ^ Robert McCartney (February 6, 2013). "Drop 'Redskins' name? Time to take a stand". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
  194. ^ Cortland Milloy (January 8, 2013). "What's in a name? The Redskins' bad karma". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
  195. ^ Mark Naymik (October 10, 2013). "Washington Redskins' mascot controversy makes Cleveland Indians' Chief Wahoo look even more stupid and racist". Northeast Ohio Media Group.
  196. ^ Tony Norman (October 15, 2013). "Redskins term just keeps piling on insult". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
  197. ^ Page, Clarence (1988-01-24). "It`ll Be The Broncos Vs. A Racial Slur". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2014-11-19.
  198. ^ "Now it's time to turn on Redskins owner". May 4, 2014.
  199. ^ Leonard Pitts Jr. (June 16, 2013). "'Redskins' is an offensive word, period". The Miami Herald.
  200. ^ Ronnie Polaneczky (November 17, 2013). "What's in a name?". Philadelphia Daily News.
  201. ^ Bill Plaschke (September 18, 2009). "'Redskins' is no honor, it's an insult". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 17, 2013.
  202. ^ Eugene Robinson (October 24, 2013). "Hail to the Washingtons". The Washington Post.
  203. ^ "Dear Editors: Ban 'Redskins'". The Daily Beast. June 21, 2013.
  204. ^ Dan Steinberg (January 9, 2012). "Jim Vance on Jeremy Lin and the 'Redskins'". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
  205. ^ DeWayne Wickham (November 11, 2013). "Wickham: Redskins' Snyder no misguided good guy". USA Today. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
  206. ^ Juan Williams (October 16, 2013). "Redskins debate -- if team gets new name it's gotta be good". Fox News Channel. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  207. ^ Michael Paul Williams (August 25, 2014). "Richmond training camp should drop 'Redskins' from name". Times-Dispatch.
  208. ^ "In pros or preps, `Redskin' is a slur". Chicago Tribune. October 4, 2012.
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