Wrightia tinctoria: Difference between revisions
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==Uses== |
==Uses== |
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It is a medicinal plant in [[Ayurveda]]. According to Ayurveda, the bark is useful in treatment of diarrhoea, piles, jaundice and skin diseases. The bark is used externally in case of skin disease. Its role in urinary disorder and arthritis is also described in Ayurveda. The famous [[Channapatna toys]] are made from its wood.<ref name="IBP" /> |
The tree is harvested from the wild as a medicine and source of a dye and wood. It is occasionally planted as an ornamental in the tropics. It is a medicinal plant in [[Ayurveda]]. According to Ayurveda, the bark is useful in treatment of diarrhoea, piles, jaundice and skin diseases. The bark is used externally in case of skin disease. Its role in urinary disorder and arthritis is also described in Ayurveda. The wood of Wrightia tinctoria is used extensively in India for carving and lacquer work for toys. High levels of extraction is resulting in it becoming scarce in some regions.<ref name="proseanet">{{cite web|last1=Ba|first1=N.|last2=Thin|first2=N.N.|last3=Tonanon|first3=N.|last4=Sudo|first4=S.|title=Wrightia R.Br.|url=http://proseanet.org/prosea/e-prosea_detail.php?frt=&id=30|website=proseanet.org|publisher=PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia.|accessdate=21 April 2016|date=1995}}</ref> The famous [[Channapatna toys]] are made from its wood.<ref name="IBP" /> |
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==Gallery== |
==Gallery== |
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Revision as of 17:24, 21 April 2016
| Wrightia tinctoria | |
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| Species: | W. tinctoria
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| Wrightia tinctoria | |
Wrightia tinctoria, Pala indigo plant or dyers’s oleander,[1] is a flowering plant species in the genus Wrightia found in India, southeast asia and Australia. It is found in dry and moist regions in its distribution. Various parts of the plant have medicinal properties.
Description
Morphology
It is a small to medium sized deciduous shrub or tree, ranging from 3 m to 15 m in height[2] but also reaching up to 18 m.[3] The bark is smooth, yellowish-brown and about 10 mm thick, producing a milky-white latex. Leaves are simple, oppositely arranged, ovate, obtusely acuminate and are 10-20 cm long and 5 cm wide. Leaves are glabrous and sometimes pubescent beneath.[2] Leaf stalks are very short. The flowers appear (in India) from March to May, peaking from April to June.[3][2] White flowers appear in corymb-like cymes, 5-15 cm across, at the end of branches. Flowers have five white petals 2-3 cm long which turn creamish yellow as they age. The flowers have oblong petals which are rounded at the tip, and are similar to flowers of frangipani. Fruiting is in August[2] and the fruit is cylindrical, blackish-green speckled with white, long horn-like and united at tip. The seeds are brown and flat with bunch of white hairs.[3] Seed dispersal is by wind and pollination is by insects.[3]
Phytochemistry
The plant contains wrightial, a triterpenoid chemical,[4] along with cycloartenone, cycloeucalenol, β-amyrin, and β-sitosterol isolated from the methanol extract of the immature seed pods.
Taxonomy
The following are considered to be Synonym (taxonomy) of Wrightia tinctoria[5]:
- Allamanda verticillata Desf.
- Alstonia oleandrifolia Lodd.
- Nerium jaspideum Span. Invalid
- Cerium tinctorium Sweet Illegitimate
- Cerium tinctorium Roxb.
- Wrightia laciniata A.DC
- Wrightia timorensis Miq.
- Wrightia tinctoria subsp. tinctoria
Distribution and habitat
It is mainly found in Australia, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Timor and Vietnam.[2] Within India, it is found in most of the peninsular and central India except the northern and north-eastern states.[3]
Ecology
It grows in a wide range of soil types ranging from arid, semi-arid, gravely or rocky soils and moist regions, especially on dry sandy sites or hillsides and valleys. It tolerates moderate shading and is often found as undergrowth in deciduous forests.[2] It also tolerates high uranium levels in soils.[2]
Uses
The tree is harvested from the wild as a medicine and source of a dye and wood. It is occasionally planted as an ornamental in the tropics. It is a medicinal plant in Ayurveda. According to Ayurveda, the bark is useful in treatment of diarrhoea, piles, jaundice and skin diseases. The bark is used externally in case of skin disease. Its role in urinary disorder and arthritis is also described in Ayurveda. The wood of Wrightia tinctoria is used extensively in India for carving and lacquer work for toys. High levels of extraction is resulting in it becoming scarce in some regions.[6] The famous Channapatna toys are made from its wood.[3]
Gallery
See also
References
- ^ Deleuze, Joseph Philippe François (1823). History and description of the Royal Museum of Natural History : published by order of the administration of that establishment. Paris: A Royer. p. 704. ISBN 9781173911034. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g Orwa; et al. "Agroforestree Database: a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0" (PDF). World Agroforestry Centre. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
{{cite web}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|last2=(help) - ^ a b c d e f Kavitha, A. "Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment". India Biodiversity Portal. ATREE. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
- ^ Wrightial, a new terpene from Wrightia tinctoria. Ramchandra P.; Basheermiya M.; Krupadanam G. L. D.; Srimannarayana G. Journal of natural products, 1993, vol. 56, no10, pp. 1811-1812
- ^ "The Plant List Version 1.1". theplantlist.org. 2013. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
- ^ Ba, N.; Thin, N.N.; Tonanon, N.; Sudo, S. (1995). "Wrightia R.Br". proseanet.org. PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
External links
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