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{{Taxobox
#REDIRECT [[Taiga bean goose]]
| name = Bean goose
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{IUCN | id =22679875 | taxon =Anser fabalis | assessor =BirdLife International | assessor-link =BirdLife International | assessment_year =2012 | version =2014.3 | accessdate =4 January 2015 }}</ref>
| image = Bean.goose.600pix.jpg
| image_caption = Bean goose at [[Slimbridge Wildfowl and Wetlands Centre]], [[Gloucestershire]], England
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Anseriformes]]
| familia = [[Anatidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Anserinae]]
| tribus = [[Anserini]]
| genus = ''[[Anser (genus)|Anser]]''
| genus_authority = [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1760
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
Taiga bean goose (''Anser fabalis'')<br/>
Tundra bean goose (''Anser serrirostris'')
}}


The '''bean goose''' is a [[goose]] that breeds in northern [[Europe]] and [[Asia]]. It has two distinct varieties, one inhabiting [[taiga]] habitats and one inhabiting [[tundra]]. These are recognised as separate species by the [[American Ornithologists' Union]] and the [[International Ornithologists' Union|IOC]], but are considered a single species by other authorities, such as the [[British Ornithologists' Union]]. It is [[bird migration|migratory]] and winters further south in Europe and Asia.
{{R from move}}

== Description ==
The length ranges from {{convert|68|to(-)|90|cm|in|abbr=on}}, wingspan from {{convert|140|to(-)|174|cm|in|abbr=on}} and weight from {{convert|1.7|–|4|kg|lbs|abbr=on}}.<ref name=CRC/> In the [[nominate subspecies]], males average {{convert|3.2|kg|lb|abbr=on}} and females average {{convert|2.84|kg|lb|abbr=on}}.<ref name=CRC/> The bill is black at the base and tip, with an orange band across the middle; the legs and feet are also bright orange.

The upper wing-coverts are dark brown, as in the [[white-fronted goose]] (''Anser albifrons'') and the [[lesser white-fronted goose]] (''A. erythropus''), but differing from these in having narrow white fringes to the feathers.

The voice is a loud honking, higher pitched in the smaller subspecies.

The closely related [[pink-footed goose]] (''A. brachyrhynchus'') has the bill short, bright pink in the middle, and the feet also pink, the upper wing-coverts being nearly of the same bluish-grey as in the [[greylag goose]]. In size and bill structure, it is very similar to ''Anser fabalis rossicus'', and in the past was often treated as a sixth subspecies of bean goose.

== Taxonomy ==
The [[English language|English]] and [[binomial nomenclature|scientific names]] of the bean goose come from its habit in the past of grazing in [[bean]] field stubbles in winter. ''Anser'' is the Latin for "goose", and ''fabalis'' is derived from the Latin
''faba'', a broad bean.<ref name= job90>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher = Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 |pages =48, 157}}</ref>
[[File:Anser fabalis Arnoud B van den Berg.jpg|left|thumb|Taiga bean goose (''Anser fabalis'' sensu stricto) on background, tundra bean goose (''Anser serrirostris'') on foreground and [[greylag goose]] (''Anser anser'') on the right, at Spaarndam, Noord-Holland, the Netherlands]]
[[File:Tundra bean goose.jpg|thumb|A flock of tundra bean geese]]
There are five [[subspecies]], with complex variation in body size and bill size and pattern; generally, size increases from north to south and from west to east. Some ornithologists (including AOU 2007) split them into two species based on breeding habitat, whether in forest bogs in the subarctic [[taiga]], or on the [[arctic]] [[tundra]].
;Taiga bean goose (''Anser fabalis'' sensu stricto) ([[John Latham (ornithologist)|Latham]], 1787)
* ''A. f. fabalis'' (Latham, 1787). Scandinavia east to the Urals. Large; bill long and narrow, with broad orange band. ''Anser fabalis fabalis'' is one of the species to which the ''Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds'' ([[AEWA]]) applies.
* ''A. f. johanseni'' ([[Jean Théodore Delacour|Delacour]], 1951). West Siberian taiga. Large; bill long and narrow, with narrow orange band.
* ''A. f. middendorffii'' ([[Nikolai Severtzov|Severtzov]], 1873). East Siberian taiga. Very large; bill long and stout, with narrow orange band.
;Tundra bean goose (''Anser serrirostris'', if treated as a distinct species) ([[John Gould|Gould]], 1852)
* ''A. s. rossicus'' ([[Sergei Aleksandrovich Buturlin|Buturlin]], 1933). Northern Russian tundra east to the Taimyr Peninsula. Small; bill short and stubby, with narrow orange band. ''Anser fabalis rossicus'' is one of the species to which the ''Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds'' ([[AEWA]]) applies.
* ''A. s. serrirostris'' (Gould, 1852). East Siberian tundra. Large; bill long and stout, with narrow orange band.

== Distribution ==
[[File:Anser fabalis MWNH 0943.JPG|thumb|Egg, Collection [[Museum Wiesbaden]]]]
{{Expand section|date=April 2011}}
The bean goose is a rare winter visitor to [[Great Britain|Britain]]. There are two regular wintering flocks of taiga bean goose, in the [[Yare Valley]], [[Norfolk]] and the [[Avon Valley, Scotland|Avon Valley]], Scotland. A formerly regular flock in [[Dumfries and Galloway]] no longer occurs there. The tundra bean goose has no regular wintering sites, but is found in small groups among other [[grey goose]] species – among the most regular localities are [[WWT Slimbridge]], [[Gloucestershire]] and [[Holkham Marshes]], Norfolk.

The Taiga bean geese ''Anser fabalis fabalis'' wintering in Europe are considered to migrate across three different flyways: Western, Central and Eastern; which has been confirmed by stable isotope analysis of their flight feathers. <ref>{{cite journal |author1=Fox, A. D. |author2=Hobson, K. A. | |author3=de Jong, A. |author4=Kardynal, K. J. | author5=Koehler, G. | author6=Heinicke, T. | year=2017| title=Flyway population delineation in Taiga Bean Geese ''Anser fabalis fabalis'' revealed by multi-element feather stable isotope analysis| journal=Ibis| volume=159| pages=66–75| doi=10.1111/ibi.12417| issue=1}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=CRC>{{cite book |title=CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses |editor-first=John B. Jr. |editor-last=Dunning |publisher=CRC Press |year=1992 |isbn=978-0-8493-4258-5}}</ref>
}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite journal |last1=Sangster |first1=George |authorlink1=George Sangster |last2=Oreel |first2=Gerald J. |year=1996 |title=Progress in taxonomy of Taiga and Tundra Bean Geese |journal=[[Dutch Birding]] |volume=18 |issue=6 |pages=310–316}}
* {{cite journal |last=Oates |first=John |year=1997 |title=Identification of Taiga Bean Goose and Tundra Bean Goose |journal=[[Birding World]] |volume=10 |issue=11 |pages=421–426}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Ruokonen |first1=M. |first2=K. |last2=Litvin |first3=T. |last3=Aarvak |year=2008 |title=Taxonomy of the bean goose - pink-footed goose |journal=[[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]] |volume=48 |pages=554–562 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.038}}
* {{cite journal |last=Brown |first=Dan |year=2010 |title=Identification and taxonomy of bean geese |journal=[[Birding World]] |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=110–121}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Anser fabalis}}
{{wikispecies|Anser fabalis}}
* [http://www.rspb.org.uk/birds/guide/b/beangoose/index.asp RSPB Birds by Name – Bean Goose]
* [http://www.birdguides.com/species/species.asp?sp=027018 BirdGuides Bean Goose Page]
* [http://cyberbirding.uib.no/photo/a_fabalis_01.php Cyberbirding: Bean Goose pictures]
* {{BirdLife|22679875|Anser fabalis}}
* {{Avibase|1365719670879|Anser fabalis}}
* {{InternetBirdCollection|bean-goose-anser-fabalis}}
* {{IUCN_Map|22679875|Anser fabalis}}
* {{Xeno-canto species|Anser|fabalis|Taiga Bean goose}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2011}}
{{taxonbar}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Goose, Bean}}
[[Category:Anser (bird)|Bean Goose]]
[[Category:Geese]]
[[Category:Birds of Asia]]
[[Category:Birds of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Birds of Europe]]
[[Category:Birds of the Middle East]]
[[Category:Birds of Japan]]
[[Category:Natural monuments of Japan]]

Revision as of 21:07, 28 March 2017

Bean goose
Bean goose at Slimbridge Wildfowl and Wetlands Centre, Gloucestershire, England
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Aves
Order:
Anseriformes
Family:
Anatidae
Subfamily:
Anserinae
Tribe:
Anserini
Genus:
Anser

Brisson, 1760
Species

Taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis)
Tundra bean goose (Anser serrirostris)

The bean goose is a goose that breeds in northern Europe and Asia. It has two distinct varieties, one inhabiting taiga habitats and one inhabiting tundra. These are recognised as separate species by the American Ornithologists' Union and the IOC, but are considered a single species by other authorities, such as the British Ornithologists' Union. It is migratory and winters further south in Europe and Asia.

Description

The length ranges from 68 to 90 cm (27–35 in), wingspan from 140 to 174 cm (55–69 in) and weight from 1.7–4 kg (3.7–8.8 lb).[2] In the nominate subspecies, males average 3.2 kg (7.1 lb) and females average 2.84 kg (6.3 lb).[2] The bill is black at the base and tip, with an orange band across the middle; the legs and feet are also bright orange.

The upper wing-coverts are dark brown, as in the white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons) and the lesser white-fronted goose (A. erythropus), but differing from these in having narrow white fringes to the feathers.

The voice is a loud honking, higher pitched in the smaller subspecies.

The closely related pink-footed goose (A. brachyrhynchus) has the bill short, bright pink in the middle, and the feet also pink, the upper wing-coverts being nearly of the same bluish-grey as in the greylag goose. In size and bill structure, it is very similar to Anser fabalis rossicus, and in the past was often treated as a sixth subspecies of bean goose.

Taxonomy

The English and scientific names of the bean goose come from its habit in the past of grazing in bean field stubbles in winter. Anser is the Latin for "goose", and fabalis is derived from the Latin faba, a broad bean.[3]

Taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis sensu stricto) on background, tundra bean goose (Anser serrirostris) on foreground and greylag goose (Anser anser) on the right, at Spaarndam, Noord-Holland, the Netherlands
A flock of tundra bean geese

There are five subspecies, with complex variation in body size and bill size and pattern; generally, size increases from north to south and from west to east. Some ornithologists (including AOU 2007) split them into two species based on breeding habitat, whether in forest bogs in the subarctic taiga, or on the arctic tundra.

Taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis sensu stricto) (Latham, 1787)
  • A. f. fabalis (Latham, 1787). Scandinavia east to the Urals. Large; bill long and narrow, with broad orange band. Anser fabalis fabalis is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.
  • A. f. johanseni (Delacour, 1951). West Siberian taiga. Large; bill long and narrow, with narrow orange band.
  • A. f. middendorffii (Severtzov, 1873). East Siberian taiga. Very large; bill long and stout, with narrow orange band.
Tundra bean goose (Anser serrirostris, if treated as a distinct species) (Gould, 1852)
  • A. s. rossicus (Buturlin, 1933). Northern Russian tundra east to the Taimyr Peninsula. Small; bill short and stubby, with narrow orange band. Anser fabalis rossicus is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.
  • A. s. serrirostris (Gould, 1852). East Siberian tundra. Large; bill long and stout, with narrow orange band.

Distribution

Egg, Collection Museum Wiesbaden

The bean goose is a rare winter visitor to Britain. There are two regular wintering flocks of taiga bean goose, in the Yare Valley, Norfolk and the Avon Valley, Scotland. A formerly regular flock in Dumfries and Galloway no longer occurs there. The tundra bean goose has no regular wintering sites, but is found in small groups among other grey goose species – among the most regular localities are WWT Slimbridge, Gloucestershire and Holkham Marshes, Norfolk.

The Taiga bean geese Anser fabalis fabalis wintering in Europe are considered to migrate across three different flyways: Western, Central and Eastern; which has been confirmed by stable isotope analysis of their flight feathers. [4]

References

  1. ^ Template:IUCN
  2. ^ a b Dunning, John B. Jr., ed. (1992). CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-4258-5.
  3. ^ Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 48, 157. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  4. ^ Fox, A. D.; Hobson, K. A.; de Jong, A.; Kardynal, K. J.; Koehler, G.; Heinicke, T. (2017). "Flyway population delineation in Taiga Bean Geese Anser fabalis fabalis revealed by multi-element feather stable isotope analysis". Ibis. 159 (1): 66–75. doi:10.1111/ibi.12417. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anser fabalis.
Wikispecies has information related to Anser fabalis.

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