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{{Taxobox
{{Italic title}}{{Taxobox
⚫
| name = ''Etmopterus''
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|48|0|ref=<ref name=Adnet2001>{{cite journal | title = A palaeontological and phylogenetical analysis of squaliform sharks (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes) based on dental characters | authors = Adnet, S. & Cappetta, H. | journal = Lethaia, | year = 2001 | volume = 34 | issue = 3 | pages = 234–248 }}</ref>}} <small>[[Middle Eocene]] to Present</small>
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|48|0|ref=<ref name=Adnet2001>Adnet, S. & Cappetta, H. (2001): [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2001.tb00052.x/abstract A palaeontological and phylogenetical analysis of squaliform sharks (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes) based on dental characters.] ''Lethaia, 34 (3): 234–248.''</ref>}} <small>[[Middle Eocene]] to Present</small>
| image = Etmopterus spinax Sardinia.jpg
| image = Etmopterus spinax 01.JPG
| image_upright = 1.3
| image_width = 285px
⚫
| image_caption = ''Etmopterus spinax''
| image_caption = ''Etmopterus spinax''
| image2 = Green lanternshark nmfs1.jpg
| image2 = Green lanternshark nmfs1.jpg
| image2_upright = 1.3
| image2_width = 285px
| image2_caption = ''Etmopterus virens''
| image2_caption = ''Etmopterus virens''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Chondrichthyes]]
| classis = [[Chondrichthyes]]
| subclassis = [[Elasmobranchii]]
| subclassis = [[Elasmobranchii]]
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| familia = [[Etmopteridae]]
| familia = [[Etmopteridae]]
| genus = '''''Etmopterus'''''
| genus = '''''Etmopterus'''''
| genus_authority = [[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]], 1810
| genus_authority = [[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz|Rafinesque]], 1810
| type_species = ''Etmopterus aculeatus''
| type_species = ''Etmopterus aculeatus''
| type_species_authority = Rafinesque, 1810
| type_species_authority = Rafinesque, 1810
}}
}}


⚫
'''''Etmopterus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[shark]]s in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Etmopteridae]] found in the [[deep-water]] of the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]], [[Indian Ocean|Indian]] and [[Pacific Ocean]]s.<ref name=FB>{{FishBase_genus | genus = Etmopterus | month = June | year = 2017 }}</ref> These species are often parasited by the [[Goose barnacle|specialized parasitic barnacle]] ''[[Anelasma squalicola]]'', which embeds itself into the skin of the shark and extracts nutrients from its bloodstream.<ref name=Yano2000>Yano, K. & Musick, J.A. (2000): [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1007649227422 The effect of the mesoparasitic barnacle ''Anelasma'' on the development of reproductive organs of deep-sea squaloid sharks, ''Centroscyllium'' and ''Etmopterus''.] ''Environmental Biology of Fishes, 59 (3): 329–339.''</ref>
'''''Etmopterus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Squaliformes|dogfish shark]]s in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Etmopteridae]], commonly known as '''lanternsharks'''.


==Species==
==Species==
There are currently 38 recognized species in this genus:
There are currently 40 recognized species in this genus:
* ''[[Etmopterus alphus]]'' <small>[[David A. Ebert|Ebert]], [[Nicolas Straube|Straube]], [[Robin W. Leslie|R. W. Leslie]] & [[Simon Weigmann|Weigmann]], 2016</small> (White-cheek lanternshark) <ref name=Ebert2016>Ebert, D.A., Straube, N., Leslie, R.W. & Weigmann, S. (2016): [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.2989/1814232X.2016.1198275 ''Etmopterus alphus'' n. sp.: a new lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the south-western Indian Ocean.] ''African Journal of Marine Science, 38 (3): 329-340.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus baxteri]]'' <small>[[Jack Garrick|Garrick]], 1957</small> (New Zealand lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus benchleyi]]'' <small>[[Victoria Elena Vásquez|V. E. Vásquez]], [[David A. Ebert|Ebert]] & [[Douglas J. Long|Long]], 2015</small> (Ninja lanternshark) <ref name=Vasquez2015>{{cite journal | authors = Vásquez, V.E., Ebert, D.A. & Long, D.J. | year = 2015 | title = ''Etmopterus benchleyi'' n. sp., a new lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the central eastern Pacific Ocean | journal = Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation, | volume = 17 | pages = 43–55 | url = http://www.oceansciencefoundation.org/josf/josf17d.pdf }}</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus benchleyi]]'' <small>[[Victoria Elena Vásquez|Vásquez]], [[David A. Ebert|Ebert]] & [[Douglas J. Long|D. J. Long]], 2015</small> (Ninja lanternshark) <ref name=Vasquez2015>Vásquez, V.E., Ebert, D.A. & Long, D.J. (2015): [http://www.oceansciencefoundation.org/josf/josf17d.pdf ''Etmopterus benchleyi'' n. sp., a new lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the central eastern Pacific Ocean.] ''Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation, 17: 43–55.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus bigelowi]]'' <small>[[Shirai Shigeru|Shirai]] & [[Hiroyuki Tachikawa|Tachikawa]], 1993</small> (Blurred lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus bigelowi]]'' <small>[[Shigeru Shirai|Shirai]] & [[Hiroyuki Tachikawa|Tachikawa]], 1993</small> (Blurred lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus brachyurus]]'' <small>[[Hugh McCormick Smith|H. M. Smith]] & [[Lewis Radcliffe|Radcliffe]], 1912</small> (Short-tail lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus brachyurus]]'' <small>[[Hugh McCormick Smith|H. M. Smith]] & [[Lewis Radcliffe|Radcliffe]], 1912</small> (Short-tail lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus bullisi]]'' <small>[[Henry Bryant Bigelow|Bigelow]] & [[William Charles Schroeder|Schroeder]], 1957</small> (Lined lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus bullisi]]'' <small>[[Henry Bryant Bigelow|Bigelow]] & [[William Charles Schroeder|Schroeder]], 1957</small> (Lined lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus burgessi]]'' <small>[[Jayna Ann Schaaf-Da Silva|Schaaf-Da Silva]] & [[David A. Ebert|Ebert]], 2006</small> (Broad-snout lanternshark) <ref name=Silva2006>{{cite journal | journal = Zootaxa, | volume = 1373 | year = 2006 | pages = 53–64 | title = ''Etmopterus burgessi'' sp. nov., a new species of lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from Taiwan | authors = Schaaf-Da Silva, J.A. & Ebert, D.A. }}</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus burgessi]]'' <small>[[Jayna Ann Schaaf-Da Silva|Schaaf-Da Silva]] & [[David A. Ebert|Ebert]], 2006</small> (Broad-snout lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus carteri]]'' <small>[[Stewart Springer|S. Springer]] & [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]], 1985</small> (Cylindrical lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus carteri]]'' <small>[[Stewart Springer|S. Springer]] & [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]], 1985</small> (Cylindrical lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus caudistigmus]]'' <small>[[Peter R. Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (Tail-spot lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus caudistigmus]]'' <small>[[Peter Robert Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (Tail-spot lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus compagnoi]]'' <small>[[Ronald Fricke|Fricke]] & [[Isabel Koch|Koch]], 1990</small> (Brown lanternshark).<ref name=Straube2015>Straube, N., Leslie, R.W., Clerkin, P.J., Ebert, D.A., Rochel, E., Corrigan, S., Li, C. & Naylor, G.J.P. (2015): On the occurrence of the Southern Lanternshark, ''Etmopterus granulosus'', off South Africa, with comments on the validity of ''E. compagnoi''. ''Deep-Sea Research Part II, 115: 11-17.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus compagnoi]]'' <small>[[Ronald Fricke|R. Fricke]] & [[Isabel Koch|Koch]], 1990</small> (Brown lanternshark) <ref name=Straube2015>Straube, N., Leslie, R.W., Clerkin, P.J., Ebert, D.A., Rochel, E., Corrigan, S., Li, C. & Naylor, G.J.P. (2015): [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064514001210 On the occurrence of the Southern Lanternshark, ''Etmopterus granulosus'', off South Africa, with comments on the validity of ''E. compagnoi''.] ''Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 115: 11-17.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus decacuspidatus]]'' <small>[[Chan William Lai-Yee|W. L. Y. Chan]], 1966</small> (Comb-tooth lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus decacuspidatus]]'' <small>[[Chan William Lai-Yee|W. L. Y. Chan]], 1966</small> (Comb-tooth lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus dianthus]]'' <small>[[Peter R. Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (Pink lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus dianthus]]'' <small>[[Peter Robert Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (Pink lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus dislineatus]]'' <small>[[Peter R. Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (Lined lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus dislineatus]]'' <small>[[Peter Robert Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (Lined lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus evansi]]'' <small>[[Peter R. Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (Black-mouth lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus evansi]]'' <small>[[Peter Robert Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (Black-mouth lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus fusus]]'' <small>[[Peter R. Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (Pygmy lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus fusus]]'' <small>[[Peter Robert Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (Pygmy lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus gracilispinis]]'' <small>[[Gerhard Krefft|G. Krefft]], 1968</small> (Broad-banded lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus gracilispinis]]'' <small>[[Gerhard Krefft|G. Krefft]], 1968</small> (Broad-banded lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus granulosus]]'' <small>([[Albert C. L. G. Günther|Günther]], 1880)</small> (Southern lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus granulosus]]'' <small>([[Albert Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther|Günther]], 1880)</small> (Southern lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus hillianus]]'' <small>([[Felipe Poey y Aloy|Poey]], 1861)</small> (Caribbean lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus hillianus]]'' <small>([[Felipe Poey y Aloy|Poey]], 1861)</small> (Caribbean lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus joungi]]'' <small>[[James D. S. Knuckey|Knuckey]], [[David A. Ebert|Ebert]] & [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]], 2011</small> (Short-fin smooth lanternshark) <ref name=Knuckey2011>Knuckey, J.D.S., Ebert, D.A. & Burgess, G.H. (2011): ''Etmopterus joungi'' n. sp., a new species of lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from Taiwan. ''aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 17 (2): 61-72.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus joungi]]'' <small>[[James D. S. Knuckey|Knuckey]], [[David A. Ebert|Ebert]] & [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]], 2011</small> (Short-fin smooth lanternshark) <ref name=Knuckey2011>Knuckey, J.D.S., Ebert, D.A. & Burgess, G.H. (2011): [https://aqua-aquapress.com/etmopterus-joungi-n-sp-a-new-species-of-lanternshark-squaliformes-etmopteridae-from-taiwan-2/ ''Etmopterus joungi'' n. sp., a new species of lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from Taiwan.] ''aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 17 (2): 61-72.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus lailae]]'' <small>[[David A. Ebert|Ebert]], [[Yannis Peter Papastamatiou|Papastamatiou]], [[Stephen Michael Kajiura|Kajiura]] & [[Bradley M. Wetherbee|Wetherbee]], 2017</small> (Laila's lanternshark) <ref name=Ebert2017>Ebert, D.A., Papastamatiou, Y.P., Kajiura, S.M. & Wetherbee, B.M. (2017): [http://www.science.fau.edu/sharklab/pdfs/epkw17.pdf ''Etmopterus lailae'' sp. nov., a new lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.] ''Zootaxa, 4237 (2): 371–382.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus litvinovi]]'' <small>[[Nikolai Vasilyevich Parin|Parin]] & [[Aleksandr Nicholaevich Kotlyar|Kotlyar]], 1990</small> (Small-eye lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus litvinovi]]'' <small>[[Nikolai Vasilyevich Parin|Parin]] & [[Aleksandr Nicholaevich Kotlyar|Kotlyar]], 1990</small> (Small-eye lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus lucifer]]'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]] & [[John Otterbein Snyder|Snyder]], 1902</small> (Black-belly lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus lucifer]]'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]] & [[John Otterbein Snyder|Snyder]], 1902</small> (Black-belly lanternshark)
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* ''[[Etmopterus polli]]'' <small>[[Henry Bryant Bigelow|Bigelow]], [[William Charles Schroeder|Schroeder]] & [[Stewart Springer|S. Springer]], 1953</small> (African lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus polli]]'' <small>[[Henry Bryant Bigelow|Bigelow]], [[William Charles Schroeder|Schroeder]] & [[Stewart Springer|S. Springer]], 1953</small> (African lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus princeps]]'' <small>[[Robert Collett|Collett]], 1904</small> (Great lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus princeps]]'' <small>[[Robert Collett|Collett]], 1904</small> (Great lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus pseudosqualiolus]]'' <small>[[Peter R. Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (False lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus pseudosqualiolus]]'' <small>[[Peter Robert Last|Last]], [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]] & [[Bernard Séret|Séret]], 2002</small> (False lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus pusillus]]'' <small>([[Richard Thomas Lowe|R. T. Lowe]], 1839)</small> (Smooth lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus pusillus]]'' <small>([[Richard Thomas Lowe|R. T. Lowe]], 1839)</small> (Smooth lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus pycnolepis]]'' <small>[[Aleksandr Nicholaevich Kotlyar|Kotlyar]], 1990</small> (Dense-scale lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus pycnolepis]]'' <small>[[Aleksandr Nicholaevich Kotlyar|Kotlyar]], 1990</small> (Dense-scale lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus robinsi]]'' <small>[[Pamela J. Schofield|Schofield]] & [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]], 1997</small> (West Indian lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus robinsi]]'' <small>[[Pamela J. Schofield|Schofield]] & [[George H. Burgess|G. H. Burgess]], 1997</small> (West Indian lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus samadiae]]'' <small>[[William Toby White|W. T. White]], [[David A. Ebert|Ebert]], [[Ralph Reeves Mana|Mana]] & [[Shannon Leah Corrigan|Corrigan]], 2017</small> (Papuan lanternshark) <ref name=White2017>White, W.T., Ebert, D.A., Mana, R.R. & Corrigan, S. (2017): [http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/article/view/zootaxa.4244.3.3 ''Etmopterus samadiae'' n. sp., a new lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from Papua New Guinea.] ''Zootaxa, 4244 (3): 339–354.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus schultzi]]'' <small>[[Henry Bryant Bigelow|Bigelow]], [[William Charles Schroeder|Schroeder]] & [[Stewart Springer|S. Springer]], 1953</small> (Fringe-fin lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus schultzi]]'' <small>[[Henry Bryant Bigelow|Bigelow]], [[William Charles Schroeder|Schroeder]] & [[Stewart Springer|S. Springer]], 1953</small> (Fringe-fin lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus sculptus]]'' <small>[[David A. Ebert|Ebert]], [[Leonard Joseph Victor Compagno|L. J. V. Compagno]] & [[Marlee J. De Vries|De Vries]], 2011</small> (Sculpted lanternshark) <ref name=Ebert2011>Ebert, D.A., Compagno, L.J.V. & De Vries, M.J. (2011): A New Lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae: ''Etmopterus'') from Southern Africa. ''Copeia, 2011 (3): 379-384.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus sculptus]]'' <small>[[David A. Ebert|Ebert]], [[Leonard Joseph Victor Compagno|Compagno]] & [[Marlee J. De Vries|De Vries]], 2011</small> (Sculpted lanternshark) <ref name=Ebert2011>Ebert, D.A., Compagno, L.J.V. & De Vries, M.J. (2011): [http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1643/CI-09-183 A New Lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae: ''Etmopterus'') from Southern Africa.] ''Copeia, 2011 (3): 379-384.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus sentosus]]'' <small>[[A. John Bass|Bass]], [[Jeanette D. D'Aubrey|D'Aubrey]] & [[Nadaraj (Nat) Kistnasamy|Kistnasamy]], 1976</small> (Thorny lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus sentosus]]'' <small>[[A. John Bass|Bass]], [[Jeannette Dymock D’Aubrey|D'Aubrey]] & [[Nadaraj Kistnasamy|Kistnasamy]], 1976</small> (Thorny lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus sheikoi]]'' <small>([[Vladimir Nikolaevich Dolganov|Dolganov]], 1986)</small> (Rasp-tooth dogfish) <ref>Straube, N., White, W.T., Ho, H.C., Rochel, E., Corrigan, S., Li, C. & Naylor, G.J.P. (2013): A DNA sequence-based identification checklist for Taiwanese chondrichthyans. ''Zootaxa, 3752 (1): 256-278.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus sheikoi]]'' <small>([[Vladimir Nikolaevich Dolganov|Dolganov]], 1986)</small> (Rasp-tooth dogfish) <ref name=Straube2013>Straube, N., White, W.T., Ho, H.-C., Rochel, E., Corrigan, S., Li, C. & Naylor, G.J.P. (2013): [http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2013/f/zt03752p278.pdf A DNA sequence-based identification checklist for Taiwanese chondrichthyans.] ''Zootaxa, 3752 (1): 256–278.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus spinax]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])</small> (Velvet-belly lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus spinax]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])</small> (Velvet-belly lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus splendidus]]'' <small>[[Kazunari Yano|Ka. Yano]], 1988</small> (Splendid lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus splendidus]]'' <small>[[Kazunari Yano|Ka. Yano]], 1988</small> (Splendid lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus unicolor]]'' <small>([[Robert Engelhardt|Engelhardt]], 1912)</small> (Bristled lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus unicolor]]'' <small>([[Robert Engelhardt|Engelhardt]], 1912)</small> (Bristled lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus viator]]'' <small>[[Nicolas Straube|Straube]], 2011</small> (Traveller lanternshark) <ref>Straube, N., Duhamel, G., Gasco, N., Kriwet, J. & Schliewen, U. (2011): Description of a new deep-sea lantern shark, ''Etmopterus viator'' n. sp. (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the southern hemisphere. ''In'': Duhamel, G. & Welsford, D. (Eds)., (2011): The Kerguelen Plateau, Marine Ecosystem and Fisheries. ''Société Française d´Ichtyologie: 137-150.''</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus viator]]'' <small>[[Nicolas Straube|Straube]], 2011</small> (Traveller lanternshark) <ref name=Straube2011>{{cite journal | authors = Straube, N., Duhamel, G., Gasco, N., Kriwet, J. & Schliewen, U.K. | year = 2011 | title = Description of a new deep-sea Lantern Shark ''Etmopterus viator'' sp. nov. (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the Southern Hemisphere. ''In'': Duhamel, G. & Welsford, D. (Eds.), ''The Kerguelen Plateau: Marine Ecosystem and Fisheries.'' | journal = Société Française d'Ichtyologie | pages = 137-150 }}</ref>
* ''[[Etmopterus villosus]]'' <small>[[Charles Henry Gilbert|C. H. Gilbert]], 1905</small> (Hawaiian lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus villosus]]'' <small>[[Charles Henry Gilbert|C. H. Gilbert]], 1905</small> (Hawaiian lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus virens]]'' <small>[[Henry Bryant Bigelow|Bigelow]], [[William Charles Schroeder|Schroeder]] & [[Stewart Springer|S. Springer]], 1953</small> (Green lanternshark)
* ''[[Etmopterus virens]]'' <small>[[Henry Bryant Bigelow|Bigelow]], [[William Charles Schroeder|Schroeder]] & [[Stewart Springer|S. Springer]], 1953</small> (Green lanternshark)

==Ecology==
⚫
A number of species in this genus function as host to the specialized parasitic barnacle [[Anelasma squalicola]], which embeds itself into the skin of the shark and extracts nutrients from its bloodstream.<ref name=YanoMusick>{{Cite journal | last1 = Yano | first1 = K. | last2 = Musick | first2 = J. A. | title = The effect of the mesoparasitic barnacle ''Anelasma'' on the development of reproductive organs of deep-sea squaloid sharks, ''Centroscyllium'' and ''Etmopterus''| journal = Environmental Biology of Fishes | volume = 59 | issue = 3 | pages = 329–339| year = 2000 | doi = 10.1023/A:1007649227422 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish]]
* [[List of sharks]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist|1}}


[[Category:Etmopteridae]]
[[Category:Etmopteridae]]

Revision as of 21:39, 25 September 2017

Etmopterus
Temporal range: 48–0 Ma[1] Middle Eocene to Present
Etmopterus spinax
Etmopterus virens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Chondrichthyes
Subclass:
Elasmobranchii
Order:
Squaliformes
Family:
Etmopteridae
Genus:
Etmopterus

Type species
Etmopterus aculeatus
Rafinesque, 1810

Etmopterus is a genus of sharks in the family Etmopteridae found in the deep-water of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.[2] These species are often parasited by the specialized parasitic barnacle Anelasma squalicola, which embeds itself into the skin of the shark and extracts nutrients from its bloodstream.[3]

Species

There are currently 40 recognized species in this genus:

References

  1. ^ Adnet, S. & Cappetta, H. (2001): A palaeontological and phylogenetical analysis of squaliform sharks (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes) based on dental characters. Lethaia, 34 (3): 234–248.
  2. ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Etmopterus in FishBase. June 2017 version.
  3. ^ Yano, K. & Musick, J.A. (2000): The effect of the mesoparasitic barnacle Anelasma on the development of reproductive organs of deep-sea squaloid sharks, Centroscyllium and Etmopterus. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 59 (3): 329–339.
  4. ^ Ebert, D.A., Straube, N., Leslie, R.W. & Weigmann, S. (2016): Etmopterus alphus n. sp.: a new lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the south-western Indian Ocean. African Journal of Marine Science, 38 (3): 329-340.
  5. ^ Vásquez, V.E., Ebert, D.A. & Long, D.J. (2015): Etmopterus benchleyi n. sp., a new lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the central eastern Pacific Ocean. Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation, 17: 43–55.
  6. ^ Straube, N., Leslie, R.W., Clerkin, P.J., Ebert, D.A., Rochel, E., Corrigan, S., Li, C. & Naylor, G.J.P. (2015): On the occurrence of the Southern Lanternshark, Etmopterus granulosus, off South Africa, with comments on the validity of E. compagnoi. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 115: 11-17.
  7. ^ Knuckey, J.D.S., Ebert, D.A. & Burgess, G.H. (2011): Etmopterus joungi n. sp., a new species of lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from Taiwan. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 17 (2): 61-72.
  8. ^ Ebert, D.A., Papastamatiou, Y.P., Kajiura, S.M. & Wetherbee, B.M. (2017): Etmopterus lailae sp. nov., a new lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Zootaxa, 4237 (2): 371–382.
  9. ^ White, W.T., Ebert, D.A., Mana, R.R. & Corrigan, S. (2017): Etmopterus samadiae n. sp., a new lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa, 4244 (3): 339–354.
  10. ^ Ebert, D.A., Compagno, L.J.V. & De Vries, M.J. (2011): A New Lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae: Etmopterus) from Southern Africa. Copeia, 2011 (3): 379-384.
  11. ^ Straube, N., White, W.T., Ho, H.-C., Rochel, E., Corrigan, S., Li, C. & Naylor, G.J.P. (2013): A DNA sequence-based identification checklist for Taiwanese chondrichthyans. Zootaxa, 3752 (1): 256–278.
  12. ^ "Description of a new deep-sea Lantern Shark Etmopterus viator sp. nov. (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from the Southern Hemisphere. In: Duhamel, G. & Welsford, D. (Eds.), The Kerguelen Plateau: Marine Ecosystem and Fisheries.". Société Française d'Ichtyologie: 137–150. 2011. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
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