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'''''Aló Presidente''''' (English: ''Hello, Mr. President'') was an unscripted [[talk show]] that was hosted by [[Venezuelan]] [[President of Venezuela|President]] [[Hugo Chávez]]. It was broadcast on Venezuelan state television, by [[Venezolana de Televisión]], and radio stations every Sunday from 11:00 am.
'''''Aló Presidente''''' (English: ''Hello, Mr. President'') was an unscripted [[talk show]] hosted by former [[Venezuelan]] [[President of Venezuela|President]] [[Hugo Chávez]]. It was broadcast on Venezuelan state television channels, including [[Venezolana de Televisión]], and state radio stations on Sundays from 11:00am typically until 3 or 4pm.


The show has been criticized for being similar in style to, and having the appeal of, [[absurdist humor]] while actually being run by the leader of a populous country, as well as for being [[wikt:samey|samey]] to itself and becoming tedious to watch after only a few hours.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/06/magazine/hugo-chavezs-totally-bizarre-talk-show.html|title=Hugo Chávez's Totally Bizarre Talk Show|last=Nolan|first=Rachel|date=2012-05-04|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-09-30|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
The show has been criticized for its apparent lack of seriousness, due to low production values, spontaneous announcements, random contributions from audience members, colorful informality and often outright tedium.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/06/magazine/hugo-chavezs-totally-bizarre-talk-show.html|title=Hugo Chávez's Totally Bizarre Talk Show|last=Nolan|first=Rachel|date=2012-05-04|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-09-30|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> If Chávez desired, footage of important ''Aló Presidente'' or other live TV segments would be broadcast simultaneously across all private TV and radio as well as all state broadcast media.


In Venezuela, the show was a powerful tool in creating and maintaining the ideals of [[Chavismo]] within the population.
Chavez's charisma and showmanship ensured the show was a powerful tool in promoting [[Chavismo|Chavista]] socialist ideals and achievements of the [[Bolivarian Revolution]] to supporters in Venezuela and beyond.


== History ==
== History ==
⚫
Beginning in 1999, ''Aló Presidente'' featured Chávez addressing topics of the day and touring or calling locations where social welfare programs, communal factories and centers of local democracy were active. The first broadcast was made on May 23, 1999 — about three months after Chávez took office — on radio.<ref name="bloomberg2">{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=ayT3Lv1UDWDk&refer=latin_america|title=Live From Caracas! It's the Hugo Chavez Show, Poems to Taunts|last=Wilson|first=Peter|date=September 15, 2006|access-date=January 9, 2012|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]}}</ref> The show did not air between June 5, 2011 and January 8, 2012 while Chávez was receiving cancer treatment in Cuba.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-chavez-idUSTRE8070J620120108|title=Chavez's "Alo Presidente" returns to Venezuelan TV|date=2012-01-08|work=Reuters|access-date=2019-09-30|language=en}}</ref> A total of 378 shows aired.<ref name="official_transmissions2">{{cite web|url=http://www.alopresidente.gob.ve/transmisiones-anteriores/|title=Aló Presidente - Transmisiones Anteriores|publisher=[[Ministry of Popular Power for Communication and Information]]|language=es|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090801075356/http://www.alopresidente.gob.ve/transmisiones-anteriores|archive-date=August 1, 2009|access-date=July 14, 2009}}</ref> He spent a large amount of time on the show denouncing [[capitalism]], imperialism and foreign interference.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753|doi-access=free|title=Political Theory of Populism|year=2019|last1=Urbinati|first1=Nadia|journal=Annual Review of Political Science|volume=22|pages=111–127}}</ref>
Beginning in 1999, Chávez spent an average of 40 hours a week on television promoting his [[Bolivarian Revolution]] policies, including ''Aló Presidente''.<ref>{{cite book|last=Schoen|first=Douglas|title=The Threat Closer to Home|year=2009|publisher=Free Press|location=New York|isbn=978-1-4165-9477-2 |url= https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781416594772|url-access=registration}}</ref>


⚫
Many shows were recorded with open fields or farms as a backdrop, and cows or other animals plainly visible;''<ref name=":0" />'' in 2007, he took his desk to the beach and recorded a 7-hour episode including his views on European imperialism of the [[Falkland Islands|Malvinas]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/aug/28/venezuela.rorycarroll|title=Aló Presidente - episode 291: When Chávez reclaimed Las Malvinas|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=2007-08-28|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-09-30|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Another famous moment was during the March 2, 2008 airing when Chávez ordered a top general to send ten battalions of troops to the border with [[Colombia]] in response to a bombing by Colombian forces inside Ecuador which killed [[Raúl Reyes]], a [[Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia|FARC leader]].<ref name="newyorker">{{cite news|url=http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2008/06/23/080623fa_fact_anderson?currentPage=all|title=Fidel's Heir: The influence of Hugo Chávez|last=Anderson|first=Jon Lee|date=June 23, 2008|newspaper=[[The New Yorker]]|access-date=March 6, 2013|author-link=Jon Lee Anderson}}</ref><ref name="frontline" /> The battalions were ultimately not deployed,<ref name="bbc_may09" /> but the declaration may have caused the [[2008 Andean diplomatic crisis]].''<ref name=":0" />''
⚫
The show featured Chávez addressing topics of the day and touring locations where government social welfare programs were active. The first broadcast was made on May 23, 1999 — about three months after Chávez took office — on radio.<ref name="bloomberg2">{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=ayT3Lv1UDWDk&refer=latin_america|title=Live From Caracas! It's the Hugo Chavez Show, Poems to Taunts|last=Wilson|first=Peter|date=September 15, 2006|access-date=January 9, 2012|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]}}</ref> The show did not air between June 5, 2011 and January 8, 2012 while Chávez was receiving cancer treatment in Cuba.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-chavez-idUSTRE8070J620120108|title=Chavez's "Alo Presidente" returns to Venezuelan TV|date=2012-01-08|work=Reuters|access-date=2019-09-30|language=en}}</ref> A total of 378 shows aired.<ref name="official_transmissions2">{{cite web|url=http://www.alopresidente.gob.ve/transmisiones-anteriores/|title=Aló Presidente - Transmisiones Anteriores|publisher=[[Ministry of Popular Power for Communication and Information]]|language=es|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090801075356/http://www.alopresidente.gob.ve/transmisiones-anteriores|archive-date=August 1, 2009|access-date=July 14, 2009}}</ref> He spent a large amount of time on the show denouncing [[capitalism]]&mdash;over 1,500 hours in total.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753|doi-access=free|title=Political Theory of Populism|year=2019|last1=Urbinati|first1=Nadia|journal=Annual Review of Political Science|volume=22|pages=111–127}}</ref>

⚫
One of the most memorable and "infamous" episodes is said to be a 2006 broadcast where the show was instead recorded in a field, with cows wandering around Chávez' desk;''<ref name=":0" />'' in 2007, he took his desk to the beach and recorded a 7-hour episode that discussed his views on European imperialism by accident.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/aug/28/venezuela.rorycarroll|title=Aló Presidente - episode 291: When Chávez reclaimed Las Malvinas|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=2007-08-28|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-09-30|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Another famous moment was during the March 2, 2008 airing when Chávez ordered a top general to send ten battalions of troops to the border with [[Colombia]] in response to a bombing by Colombian forces inside Ecuador which killed [[Raúl Reyes]], a top member of [[Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia|FARC]].<ref name="newyorker">{{cite news|url=http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2008/06/23/080623fa_fact_anderson?currentPage=all|title=Fidel's Heir: The influence of Hugo Chávez|last=Anderson|first=Jon Lee|date=June 23, 2008|newspaper=[[The New Yorker]]|access-date=March 6, 2013|author-link=Jon Lee Anderson}}</ref><ref name="frontline" /> The battalions were ultimately not deployed,<ref name="bbc_may09" /> but the decision largely caused the [[2008 Andean diplomatic crisis]].''<ref name=":0" />''


==Format==
==Format==
The format of the show changed over time. At first, it was mainly a call-in show in which Venezuelans expressed grievances and talked to Chávez. Over time, fewer and fewer "regular people" called in and instead Chávez talked about his favorite topics and personal life. More artistic performances were added as the years went on.<ref>Frajman, Eduardo, "Broadcasting Populist Leadership: Hugo Chavez and Alo Presidente", ''Journal of Latin American Studies'', Vol. 43, Issue 3, August 2014, pp. 501-526.</ref> Throughout its run, the show remained unscripted.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/apr/28/hugo-chavez-twitter-venezuela|title=Hugo Chávez embraces Twitter to fight online 'conspiracy'|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=April 28, 2010|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=January 9, 2012|author-link=Rory Carroll}}</ref> Chávez tried to broadcast from a different location each week.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2007/sep/25/venezuela.television|title=Government by TV: Chávez sets 8-hour record|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=2007-09-25|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-09-30|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
The format of the show changed over time. At first, it was mainly a call-in show in which Venezuelans expressed grievances and talked to Chávez. Over time, fewer and fewer people called in, and instead, Chávez talked about his favorite topics and personal life. More artistic performances were added as the years went on.<ref>Frajman, Eduardo, "Broadcasting Populist Leadership: Hugo Chavez and Alo Presidente", ''Journal of Latin American Studies'', Vol. 43, Issue 3, August 2014, pp. 501-526.</ref> Throughout its run, the show remained unscripted.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/apr/28/hugo-chavez-twitter-venezuela|title=Hugo Chávez embraces Twitter to fight online 'conspiracy'|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=April 28, 2010|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=January 9, 2012|author-link=Rory Carroll}}</ref> Chávez usually broadcast from a new location each week.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2007/sep/25/venezuela.television|title=Government by TV: Chávez sets 8-hour record|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=2007-09-25|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-09-30|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref>


Broadcast as a [[cadena nacional]], citizens were required to tune in to the show each week.<ref name=":0" /> Many Venezuelans tuned in because Chávez was known for unveiling new financial assistance packages every weekend.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Battle of Venezuela.|last=McCaughan, Michael.|date=2010|publisher=Seven Stories Press|isbn=9781609801168|location=New York|oclc=697122361}}</ref> The program did not have a fixed ending time, but usually ended by 5:00 pm, or as the program dynamics permitted. The show promoted the Bolivarian Revolution and blamed Venezuelan economic problems on its northern neighbor, the United States.<ref name="Channeling2">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/world/latinamerica/articles/2005/07/27/channeling_his_energies/?page=1|title=Channeling his energies Venezuelans riveted by president's TV show|last=Lakshmanan|first=Indira|date=27 July 2005|newspaper=The Boston Globe|access-date=14 April 2012}}</ref> [[George W. Bush]] was referred to in the show as "[[Míster Danger]]", the villain character in famous Venezuelan novel ''[[Doña Bárbara]].<ref name=":0" />''
When segments were broadcast as a [[cadena nacional]], all citizens were forced to either listen in or turn off their TVs or radios.<ref name=":0" /> Many Venezuelans tuned in because Chávez was known for unveiling financial assistance packages, new or other social benefits.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Battle of Venezuela.|last=McCaughan, Michael.|date=2010|publisher=Seven Stories Press|isbn=9781609801168|location=New York|oclc=697122361}}</ref> The program did not have a fixed ending time, but usually ended by 5:00 pm. The show promoted the Bolivarian Revolution and blamed Venezuelan economic problems on its northern neighbor, the United States.<ref name="Channeling2">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/world/latinamerica/articles/2005/07/27/channeling_his_energies/?page=1|title=Channeling his energies Venezuelans riveted by president's TV show|last=Lakshmanan|first=Indira|date=27 July 2005|newspaper=The Boston Globe|access-date=14 April 2012}}</ref> [[George W. Bush]] was referred to in the show as "[[Míster Danger]]", the villain character in famous Venezuelan novel ''[[Doña Bárbara]].<ref name=":0" />''


Government ministers were required to attend the program. They could be questioned by the president about anything, and sometimes policy — even military policy — was made on the show.<ref name="frontline">{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/hugochavez/ |title=The Hugo Chavez Show |first=Ofra |last=Bikel |work=[[Frontline (U.S. TV series)|Frontline]] |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]] |date=November 25, 2008 |access-date=November 26, 2008| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081201061125/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/hugochavez/| archive-date= 1 December 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> Another topic the show was frequently used to discuss, and often denounce, was [[Foreign policy of the United States|U.S. foreign policy]].<ref name="bbc_may09">{{cite news |title=Chavez TV show marks anniversary |first=Will |last=Grant |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8066511.stm |work=BBC News|date=May 24, 2009 |access-date=January 9, 2012}}</ref> Sometimes, the show went out to the streets and stopped citizens at random to ask them if they watched the show; without fail, they all said they loved it, which has been viewed as fake.<ref name=":0" />
Government ministers were required to attend in person. They could be questioned by the president about anything, and sometimes policy — even military policy — was made on the show.<ref name="frontline">{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/hugochavez/ |title=The Hugo Chavez Show |first=Ofra |last=Bikel |work=[[Frontline (U.S. TV series)|Frontline]] |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]] |date=November 25, 2008 |access-date=November 26, 2008| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081201061125/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/hugochavez/| archive-date= 1 December 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> Another topic the show was frequently used to discuss, and often denounce, was [[Foreign policy of the United States|U.S. foreign policy]].<ref name="bbc_may09">{{cite news |title=Chavez TV show marks anniversary |first=Will |last=Grant |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8066511.stm |work=BBC News|date=May 24, 2009 |access-date=January 9, 2012}}</ref> Once, the show sent an interviewer out into the streets, stopping passers-by at random to ask if they watched the show; without fail, they all said they did.<ref name=":0" />


== Style ==
== Style ==
[[File:Operemm-2.jpg|thumb|Chávez was always dressed in politically affiliated clothing on the show]]
[[File:Operemm-2.jpg|thumb|Chávez was commonly dressed in politically affiliated clothing in public and on television]]
Rachel Nolan of ''[[The New York Times]]'' described the show as looking "for all the world like a '[[The Daily Show|Daily Show]]' parody" because of its "cheap" and "quirky" opening titles: a ribbon in the colors of the Venezuelan flag unfurls with a drum roll before the title appears on screen, followed by a trumpet call with dramatic block letters showing the words "humanity," "struggle," and "socialism."<ref name=":0" /> Nolan also notes the political imagery of Chávez' appearance in the title sequence; he was always dressed entirely in red or in a military uniform, often wearing a [[Che Guevara in popular culture|Che Guevara beret]], and was swarmed with fans outside the [[Miraflores Palace|presidential palace]] before the show started and he applauded himself live at his desk.<ref name=":0" />
Rachel Nolan of ''[[The New York Times]]'' described the show as looking "for all the world like a '[[The Daily Show|Daily Show]]' parody" because of its "cheap" and "quirky" opening titles: a ribbon in the colors of the Venezuelan flag unfurls with a drum roll before the title appears on screen, followed by a trumpet call with dramatic block letters showing the words "humanity," "struggle," and "socialism."<ref name=":0" /> Nolan also notes the political imagery of Chávez' appearance in the title sequences; he was commonly dressed in a bold red shirt or in military uniform, often wearing a [[Che Guevara in popular culture|Che Guevara beret]], and being swarmed by supporters.<ref name=":0" />


Chávez also had a catchphrase on the show, akin to [[Donald Trump]]'s "[[The Apprentice (franchise)|You're Fired!]]". A common activity Chávez was filmed doing for the show was [[Eminent domain|expropriating]] buildings owned by rich people, which he dramatized by pointing at the building and shouting "Exprópiese!".<ref name=":0" />
Chávez also had a catchphrase on the show, akin to [[Donald Trump]]'s "[[The Apprentice (franchise)|You're Fired!]]". A common activity Chávez was filmed doing for the show was [[Eminent domain|expropriating]] property owned by rich people, which he dramatized by pointing at the building and shouting "Exprópiese!".<ref name=":0" />


==Influence==
==Influence==
''Aló Presidente'' spawned similar programs by leaders in other Latin American countries, including [[Bolivia]], [[Ecuador]],<ref name="bbc_may09" /> and [[El Salvador]], led by Presidents [[Evo Morales]], [[Rafael Correa]], and [[Mauricio Funes]] respectively. Some of these leaders had previously been pseudo-interviewed on ''Aló Presidente''.<ref name=":0" /> A later similar program, created by [[Paraguay]]an President [[Mario Abdo Benítez]] in September 2019 was delivered via [[WhatsApp]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hoy.com.py/nacionales/al-estilo-de-alo-presidente-abdo-crea-su-canal-digital-hola-marito|title=Al estilo de "Aló Presidente", Abdo crea su canal digital "Hola Marito"|website=www.hoy.com.py|language=es|access-date=2019-09-30}}</ref> Despite the international copies, Nolan opined that, "with the exception of the [[Logorrhea (rhetoric)|logorrheic]] [[Fidel Castro]], it's hard to imagine another political figure with the combination of manic exhibitionism and entertainer's stamina required to star in this sort of show".<ref name=":0" />
''Aló Presidente'' spawned similar programs by leaders in other Latin American countries, including [[Bolivia]], [[Ecuador]],<ref name="bbc_may09" /> and [[El Salvador]], led by Presidents [[Evo Morales]], [[Rafael Correa]], and [[Mauricio Funes]] respectively. Some of these leaders had previously been featured on ''Aló Presidente''.<ref name=":0" /> A later similar program, created by [[Paraguay]]an President [[Mario Abdo Benítez]] in September 2019 was delivered via [[WhatsApp]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hoy.com.py/nacionales/al-estilo-de-alo-presidente-abdo-crea-su-canal-digital-hola-marito|title=Al estilo de "Aló Presidente", Abdo crea su canal digital "Hola Marito"|website=www.hoy.com.py|language=es|access-date=2019-09-30}}</ref> Despite the international copies, Nolan opined that, "with the exception of the [[Logorrhea (rhetoric)|logorrheic]] [[Fidel Castro]], it's hard to imagine another political figure with the combination of manic exhibitionism and entertainer's stamina required to star in this sort of show".<ref name=":0" />


It was suggested by historian [[Enrique Krauze]] that the show was somewhat enjoyed by Venezuelans because it gave them "at least the appearance of contact with power, through [Chávez'] verbal and visual presence, which may be welcomed by people who have spent most of their lives being ignored."<ref name=":0" />
It was suggested by historian [[Enrique Krauze]] that the show was somewhat enjoyed by Venezuelans because it gave them "at least the appearance of contact with power, through [Chávez'] verbal and visual presence, which may be welcomed by people who have spent most of their lives being ignored."<ref name=":0" />

Revision as of 10:35, 30 March 2022

Aló Presidente
GenreTalk show
Presented byHugo Chávez
StarringHugo Chávez
Country of originVenezuela
Original languageSpanish
Production
Production locationCaracas
Original release
NetworkVenezolana de Televisión
Release23 May 1999 (1999-05-23) –
29 January 2012 (2012-01-29)

Aló Presidente (English: Hello, Mr. President) was an unscripted talk show hosted by former Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez. It was broadcast on Venezuelan state television channels, including Venezolana de Televisión, and state radio stations on Sundays from 11:00am typically until 3 or 4pm.

The show has been criticized for its apparent lack of seriousness, due to low production values, spontaneous announcements, random contributions from audience members, colorful informality and often outright tedium.[1] If Chávez desired, footage of important Aló Presidente or other live TV segments would be broadcast simultaneously across all private TV and radio as well as all state broadcast media.

Chavez's charisma and showmanship ensured the show was a powerful tool in promoting Chavista socialist ideals and achievements of the Bolivarian Revolution to supporters in Venezuela and beyond.

History

Beginning in 1999, Aló Presidente featured Chávez addressing topics of the day and touring or calling locations where social welfare programs, communal factories and centers of local democracy were active. The first broadcast was made on May 23, 1999 — about three months after Chávez took office — on radio.[2] The show did not air between June 5, 2011 and January 8, 2012 while Chávez was receiving cancer treatment in Cuba.[3] A total of 378 shows aired.[4] He spent a large amount of time on the show denouncing capitalism, imperialism and foreign interference.[5]

Many shows were recorded with open fields or farms as a backdrop, and cows or other animals plainly visible;[1] in 2007, he took his desk to the beach and recorded a 7-hour episode including his views on European imperialism of the Malvinas.[6] Another famous moment was during the March 2, 2008 airing when Chávez ordered a top general to send ten battalions of troops to the border with Colombia in response to a bombing by Colombian forces inside Ecuador which killed Raúl Reyes, a FARC leader.[7][8] The battalions were ultimately not deployed,[9] but the declaration may have caused the 2008 Andean diplomatic crisis.[1]

Format

The format of the show changed over time. At first, it was mainly a call-in show in which Venezuelans expressed grievances and talked to Chávez. Over time, fewer and fewer people called in, and instead, Chávez talked about his favorite topics and personal life. More artistic performances were added as the years went on.[10] Throughout its run, the show remained unscripted.[1][11] Chávez usually broadcast from a new location each week.[12]

When segments were broadcast as a cadena nacional, all citizens were forced to either listen in or turn off their TVs or radios.[1] Many Venezuelans tuned in because Chávez was known for unveiling financial assistance packages, new or other social benefits.[13] The program did not have a fixed ending time, but usually ended by 5:00 pm. The show promoted the Bolivarian Revolution and blamed Venezuelan economic problems on its northern neighbor, the United States.[14] George W. Bush was referred to in the show as "Míster Danger", the villain character in famous Venezuelan novel Doña Bárbara.[1]

Government ministers were required to attend in person. They could be questioned by the president about anything, and sometimes policy — even military policy — was made on the show.[8] Another topic the show was frequently used to discuss, and often denounce, was U.S. foreign policy.[9] Once, the show sent an interviewer out into the streets, stopping passers-by at random to ask if they watched the show; without fail, they all said they did.[1]

Style

Chávez was commonly dressed in politically affiliated clothing in public and on television

Rachel Nolan of The New York Times described the show as looking "for all the world like a 'Daily Show' parody" because of its "cheap" and "quirky" opening titles: a ribbon in the colors of the Venezuelan flag unfurls with a drum roll before the title appears on screen, followed by a trumpet call with dramatic block letters showing the words "humanity," "struggle," and "socialism."[1] Nolan also notes the political imagery of Chávez' appearance in the title sequences; he was commonly dressed in a bold red shirt or in military uniform, often wearing a Che Guevara beret, and being swarmed by supporters.[1]

Chávez also had a catchphrase on the show, akin to Donald Trump's "You're Fired!". A common activity Chávez was filmed doing for the show was expropriating property owned by rich people, which he dramatized by pointing at the building and shouting "Exprópiese!".[1]

Influence

Aló Presidente spawned similar programs by leaders in other Latin American countries, including Bolivia, Ecuador,[9] and El Salvador, led by Presidents Evo Morales, Rafael Correa, and Mauricio Funes respectively. Some of these leaders had previously been featured on Aló Presidente.[1] A later similar program, created by Paraguayan President Mario Abdo Benítez in September 2019 was delivered via WhatsApp.[15] Despite the international copies, Nolan opined that, "with the exception of the logorrheic Fidel Castro, it's hard to imagine another political figure with the combination of manic exhibitionism and entertainer's stamina required to star in this sort of show".[1]

It was suggested by historian Enrique Krauze that the show was somewhat enjoyed by Venezuelans because it gave them "at least the appearance of contact with power, through [Chávez'] verbal and visual presence, which may be welcomed by people who have spent most of their lives being ignored."[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Nolan, Rachel (2012-05-04). "Hugo Chávez's Totally Bizarre Talk Show". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
  2. ^ Wilson, Peter (September 15, 2006). "Live From Caracas! It's the Hugo Chavez Show, Poems to Taunts". Bloomberg. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
  3. ^ "Chavez's "Alo Presidente" returns to Venezuelan TV". Reuters. 2012-01-08. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
  4. ^ "Aló Presidente - Transmisiones Anteriores" (in Spanish). Ministry of Popular Power for Communication and Information. Archived from the original on August 1, 2009. Retrieved July 14, 2009.
  5. ^ Urbinati, Nadia (2019). "Political Theory of Populism". Annual Review of Political Science. 22: 111–127. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753.
  6. ^ Carroll, Rory (2007-08-28). "Aló Presidente - episode 291: When Chávez reclaimed Las Malvinas". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
  7. ^ Anderson, Jon Lee (June 23, 2008). "Fidel's Heir: The influence of Hugo Chávez". The New Yorker. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
  8. ^ a b Bikel, Ofra (November 25, 2008). "The Hugo Chavez Show". Frontline. PBS. Archived from the original on 1 December 2008. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
  9. ^ a b c Grant, Will (May 24, 2009). "Chavez TV show marks anniversary". BBC News. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
  10. ^ Frajman, Eduardo, "Broadcasting Populist Leadership: Hugo Chavez and Alo Presidente", Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol. 43, Issue 3, August 2014, pp. 501-526.
  11. ^ Carroll, Rory (April 28, 2010). "Hugo Chávez embraces Twitter to fight online 'conspiracy'". The Guardian. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
  12. ^ Carroll, Rory (2007-09-25). "Government by TV: Chávez sets 8-hour record". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
  13. ^ McCaughan, Michael. (2010). Battle of Venezuela. New York: Seven Stories Press. ISBN 9781609801168. OCLC 697122361.
  14. ^ Lakshmanan, Indira (27 July 2005). "Channeling his energies Venezuelans riveted by president's TV show". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
  15. ^ "Al estilo de "Aló Presidente", Abdo crea su canal digital "Hola Marito"". www.hoy.com.py (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-09-30.

External links

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