Ent-kaurene synthase: Difference between revisions
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This enzyme belongs to the family of [[lyase]]s, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The [[List of enzymes|systematic name]] of this enzyme class is '''ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, ent-kaurene-forming)'''. Other names in common use include '''ent-kaurene synthase B''', '''ent-kaurene synthetase B, ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase''', and '''(cyclizing)'''. This enzyme participates in [[diterpenoid biosynthesis]]. |
This enzyme belongs to the family of [[lyase]]s, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The [[List of enzymes|systematic name]] of this enzyme class is '''ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, ent-kaurene-forming)'''. Other names in common use include '''ent-kaurene synthase B''', '''ent-kaurene synthetase B, ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase''', and '''(cyclizing)'''. This enzyme participates in [[diterpenoid biosynthesis]]. |
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==In ''Stevia''== |
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In ''[[Stevia]]'' spp., KS is a required part of the [[biosynthesis]] of [[steviol]].<ref name="Zhou-et-al-2021">{{cite journal | last1=Zhou | first1=Xuan | last2=Gong | first2=Mengyue | last3=Lv | first3=Xueqin | last4=Liu | first4=Yanfeng | last5=Li | first5=Jianghua | last6=Du | first6=Guocheng | last7=Liu | first7=Long | title=Metabolic engineering for the synthesis of steviol glycosides: current status and future prospects | journal=[[Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology]] | publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]] | volume=105 | issue=13 | year=2021 | issn=0175-7598 | doi=10.1007/s00253-021-11419-3 | pages=5367–5381}}</ref><ref name="Hajihashemi-2021">{{cite book | last=Hajihashemi | first=Shokoofeh | title=Steviol Glycosides | chapter=Agronomic practices | publisher=[[Elsevier]] | year=2021 | doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-820060-5.00002-9 | pages=31–56}}</ref> Hajihashemi ''et al.'', 2013 find that KS is involved in the drought stress response and {{ndash}} because it mimics drought stress {{endash}} [[paclobutrazol]] toxicity.<ref name="Zhou-et-al-2021" /><ref name="Hajihashemi-2021" /> Both inhbit [[gene transcription|transcription]] of [[steviol glycoside]] synthesis genes including KS.<ref name="Zhou-et-al-2021" /><ref name="Hajihashemi-2021" /> This is believed to reduce steviol content in the final plant product.<ref name="Zhou-et-al-2021" /><ref name="Hajihashemi-2021" /> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 20:59, 16 April 2022
| ent-kaurene synthase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 4.2.3.19 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 9055-64-5 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
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In enzymology, an ent-kaurene synthase (EC 4.2.3.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- ent-copalyl diphosphate ent-kaurene + diphosphate
Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, ent-copalyl diphosphate, and two products, ent-kaurene and diphosphate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, ent-kaurene-forming). Other names in common use include ent-kaurene synthase B, ent-kaurene synthetase B, ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase, and (cyclizing). This enzyme participates in diterpenoid biosynthesis.
In Stevia
In Stevia spp., KS is a required part of the biosynthesis of steviol.[1][2] Hajihashemi et al., 2013 find that KS is involved in the drought stress response and – because it mimics drought stress – paclobutrazol toxicity.[1][2] Both inhbit transcription of steviol glycoside synthesis genes including KS.[1][2] This is believed to reduce steviol content in the final plant product.[1][2]
References
- ^ a b c d Zhou, Xuan; Gong, Mengyue; Lv, Xueqin; Liu, Yanfeng; Li, Jianghua; Du, Guocheng; Liu, Long (2021). "Metabolic engineering for the synthesis of steviol glycosides: current status and future prospects". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 105 (13). Springer: 5367–5381. doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11419-3. ISSN 0175-7598.
- ^ a b c d Hajihashemi, Shokoofeh (2021). "Agronomic practices". Steviol Glycosides. Elsevier. pp. 31–56. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820060-5.00002-9.
- Fall RR, West CA (1971). "Purification and properties of kaurene synthetase from Fusarium moniliforme". J. Biol. Chem. 246 (22): 6913–28. PMID 4331199.
- Yamaguchi S, Saito T, Abe H, Yamane H, Murofushi N, Kamiya Y (1996). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the gibberellin biosynthetic enzyme ent-kaurene synthase B from pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.)". Plant J. 10 (2): 203–13. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313X.1996.10020203.x. PMID 8771778.
- Kawaide H, Imai R, Sassa T, Kamiya Y (1997). "Ent-kaurene synthase from the fungus Phaeosphaeria sp. L487. cDNA isolation, characterization, and bacterial expression of a bifunctional diterpene cyclase in fungal gibberellin biosynthesis". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (35): 21706–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.35.21706. PMID 9268298.
- W, Sassa T; Kawaide, H; Ishizaki, A; Shinoda, S; Otsuka, M; Mitsuhashi, W; Sassa, T (2000). "Cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding ent-kaurene synthase from Gibberella fujikuroi: functional analysis of a bifunctional diterpene cyclase". Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64 (3): 660–4. doi:10.1271/bbb.64.660. PMID 10803977.
