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== Convolution reverb ==
== Convolution reverb ==
Convolution reverb is a process for "sampling" reverberation, using [[impulse response|impulse responses]] to record physical spaces.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=White|first=Paul|date=March 2006|title=Choosing the right reverb|url=https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/choosing-right-reverb|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-28|website=[[Sound on Sound]]}}</ref> The first real-time convolution reverb processor, the DRE S777, was announced by [[Sony]] in 1999.<ref name=":1" /> Convolution reverb is often used in film production, with sound engineers recording impulse responses of sets and locations so sounds can be added in post-production with realistic reverberation.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2018-12-18|title=What is convolution reverb and how is it created?|url=https://mixdownmag.com.au/features/columns/electronic-music-production-convolution-reverb-explained/|access-date=2021-10-23|website=Mixdown Magazine|language=en-AU}}</ref>
Convolution reverb is a process for [[Sampling (music)|"sampling"]] reverberation, using [[impulse response|impulse responses]] to record physical spaces and then accurately recreate them digitally.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=White|first=Paul|date=March 2006|title=Choosing the right reverb|url=https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/choosing-right-reverb|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-28|website=[[Sound on Sound]]}}</ref> The first real-time convolution reverb processor, the DRE S777, was announced by [[Sony]] in 1999.<ref name=":1" /> Convolution reverb is often used in film production, with sound engineers recording impulse responses of sets and locations so sounds can be added in post-production with realistic reverberation.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2018-12-18|title=What is convolution reverb and how is it created?|url=https://mixdownmag.com.au/features/columns/electronic-music-production-convolution-reverb-explained/|access-date=2021-10-23|website=Mixdown Magazine|language=en-AU}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 19:50, 30 June 2022

This article is about the audio effect. For the acoustic phenomenon, see Reverberation.
Short sample of reverberation effect
Clean signal, followed by different versions of reverberation (with longer and longer decay times).
Problems playing this file? See media help.

A reverb effect, or reverb, is an audio effect applied to a sound signal to simulate reverberation.[1] It may be created through physical means, such as echo chambers, or electronically through audio signal processing.

Echo chambers

The first reverb effects, introduced in the 1930s, were created by playing recordings through loudspeakers in reverberating spaces and recording the sound.[2] American Producer Bill Putnam is credited for the first artistic use of artificial reverb in music, on the 1947 song "Peg o' My Heart" by the Harmonicats. Putnam placed a microphone and loudspeaker in the studio bathroom to create a natural echo chamber, adding an "eerie dimension".[1]

Plate reverb

The EMT 140 plate reverb system

A plate reverb system uses an electromechanical transducer, similar to the driver in a loudspeaker, to create vibrations in a large plate of sheet metal. The plate's motion is picked up by one or more contact microphones whose output is an audio signal which may be added to the original "dry" signal.[3] Plate reverb was introduced in the late 1950s by Elektromesstechnik with the EMT 140.[3][2]

Spring reverb

"Spring reverb" redirects here. For the album by the Big Wu, see Spring Reverb (album).
A spring reverb tank

Spring reverbs, introduced by Bell Labs, use a set of springs mounted inside a box.[1] They work similarly to plate reverb, with a transducer and pickup placed at either end of the spring.[2] They were popular in the 1960s, and were first used by the Hammond company to add reverb to Hammond organs.[1] They became popular with guitarists, including surf musicians such as Dick Dale,[1] as they could easily be built into guitar amplifiers.[1] They were also used by dub reggae musicians such as King Tubby.[1] Laurens Hammond was granted a patent on a spring-based mechanical reverberation system in 1939.[4]

Digital reverb

A Strymon BigSky digital reverb
Video demo of a digital reverb pedal, producing modulated reverb, octave up and octave down shimmer.

Digital reverb units simulate reverb by using multiple delay lines with fading trails, giving the impression of sound bouncing off surfaces. Some digital effects allow users to independently adjust early and late reflections.[2] Digital reverb was introduced in 1976 by EMT with the EMT 250,[2] and became popular in the 1980s.[1]

Gated reverb

Main article: Gated reverb

Gated reverb combines reverb with a noise gate, creating a "large" sound with a short tail.[5] It was pioneered by English recording engineer Hugh Padgham and drummer Phil Collins, and became a staple of 1980s pop music.[5]

Convolution reverb

Convolution reverb is a process for "sampling" reverberation, using impulse responses to record physical spaces and then accurately recreate them digitally.[1][6] The first real-time convolution reverb processor, the DRE S777, was announced by Sony in 1999.[2] Convolution reverb is often used in film production, with sound engineers recording impulse responses of sets and locations so sounds can be added in post-production with realistic reverberation.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Weir, William (2012-06-21). "How humans conquered echo". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2021-08-08.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ^ a b c d e f "A brief history of reverb". MusicRadar. 2014-06-24. Retrieved 2021-08-08.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ a b Eargle, John M. (2005). Handbook of Recording Engineering (4 ed.). Birkhäuser. p. 233. ISBN 0-387-28470-2.
  4. ^ Laurens Hammond, Electrical Musical Instrument, U.S. Patent 2,230,836, granted Feb. 4, 1941.
  5. ^ a b December 2020, Stuart Williams 31. "How Genesis's Peter Gabriel and Phil Collins stumbled upon the '80s gated-reverb drum sound". MusicRadar. Retrieved 2021-06-19.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ White, Paul (March 2006). "Choosing the right reverb". Sound on Sound. Retrieved 2021-12-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ "What is convolution reverb and how is it created?". Mixdown Magazine. 2018-12-18. Retrieved 2021-10-23.
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