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Created by translating the page "नयाँमुलुको इतिहास"
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{{short description|Region in Nepal}}
{{History of Nepal}}
[[File:Naya Muluk.png|thumb|300px|Naya Muluk, which returned to Nepal in 1860]]
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'''Naya Muluk''' ({{lang-ne|नयाँ मुलुक}}) is a geographical region of [[Nepal]], which is situated western-south part in Nepal. The [[Terai]] land between [[Sharda River|Kali River]] to [[West Rapti River|Rapti River]] called "Naya Muluk" after 1860.<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://thewire.in/external-affairs/shikar-diplomacy-nepal-british
|title =Using 'Shikar Diplomacy' in 19th-Century Nepal
|date=
|website=
|publisher=
|access-date=29 February 2020
|quote=... what was then called ‘Naya Muluk’, a strip of Terai flatlands the British had returned to Nepal in gratitude in 1860 and today encompassing the districts of Kailali, Banke, Bardiya and Kanchanpur.
|trans-title =
|language =
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=https://fig.net/resources/proceedings/fig_proceedings/fig2018/papers/ts03a/TS03A_shrestha_9297.pdf
|title =International Boundary Survey and Demarcation of South-eastern portion of Nepal with India
|date=
|website=
|publisher=
|access-date=29 February 2020
}}</ref>


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== '''Naya Muluk''' ([[Nepali language|Nepali]]: नयाँ मुलुक) is a geographical region of [[Nepal]], which is situated western-south part in Nepal. The [[Terai]] land between [[Sharda River|Kali River]] to [[West Rapti River|Rapti River]] called "Naya Muluk" after 1860. ==
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==History==

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{{Further|Sugauli Treaty}}

{{See|:Wikisource:Treaty of Sugauli}}
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== History ==
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Further information: [[Sugauli Treaty]]

After [[Anglo-Nepalese War]] in 1814-1816, Nepal was forced to sign a treaty called [[Sugauli Treaty]] in which Nepal lost one third part of geographical territory. The geographical territory was sectioned in five parts as below:
After [[Anglo-Nepalese War]] in 1814-1816, Nepal was forced to sign a treaty called [[Sugauli Treaty]] in which Nepal lost one third part of geographical territory. The geographical territory was sectioned in five parts as below:

# The whole of the lowlands between the Rivers [[Sharda River|Kali]] and [[West Rapti River|Rapti]].
# The whole of the lowlands between the Rivers [[Sharda River|Kali]] and [[West Rapti River|Rapti]].
# The whole of the low lands lying between the [[West Rapti River|Rapti]] and the [[Gandaki River|Gunduck]].
# The whole of the low lands lying between the [[West Rapti River|Rapti]] and the [[Gandaki River|Gunduck]].
# The whole of the lowlands between the [[Gandaki River|Gunduck]] and [[Koshi River|Coosah]].
# The whole of the lowlands between the [[Gandaki River|Gunduck]] and [[Koshi River|Coosah]].
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Section: 1 (whole low land between the Rivers [[Sharda River|Kali]] and [[West Rapti River|Rapti]]) returned in 1860 called '''Naya Muluk'''.
Section: 1 (whole low land between the Rivers [[Sharda River|Kali]] and [[West Rapti River|Rapti]]) returned in 1860 called '''Naya Muluk'''.


==Territory==
== Territory ==
[[File:1832 Northern Frontier of Oud bordering on Goorkhali Territories by Warden Grant F17-17.jpg|thumb|300px|West-south frontier of Nepal with Oudh state in 1832]]
West-south frontier of Nepal with Oudh state in 1832
Naya muluk contains two district of [[Sudurpashchim]] province and two district of [[Lumbini Province]]. Total area is {{convert|9207|km2}} and total population is 2144,846.
Naya muluk contains two district of [[Sudurpashchim]] province and two district of [[Lumbini Province]]. Total area is 9,207 square kilometres (3,555 sq mi) and total population is 2144,846.

{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Districts
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!Area (KM<sup>2</sup>)
!Population
|-
|-
|[[Kanchanpur District|Kanchanpur]]
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! Districts !! Area (KM<sup>2</sup>)!! Population
|1,610
|451,248
|-
|-
| [[Kanchanpur District|Kanchanpur]] || 1,610 || 451,248
|[[Kailali District|Kailali]]
|3,235
|775,709
|-
|-
| [[Kailali District|Kailali]] || 3,235 || 775,709
|[[Bardiya District|Bardia]]
|2,025
|426,576
|-
|-
| [[Bardiya District|Bardia]] || 2,025 || 426,576
|[[Banke District|Banke]]
|2,337
|-
|491,313
| [[Banke District|Banke]] || 2,337 || 491,313
|}
|}
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[[Category:Nepal]]

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[[Category:Gurkhas]]
==References==
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[[Category:Anglo Nepalese War]]
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1834-india-x-and-nepal-jpg A map by survey of India of 1934 showing Naya Mulk]
* https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2018/11/13/centenary-end-first-world-war-celebrations-all-over-world-except-nepal/
*http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/contributions/pdf/CNAS_02_01_13.pdf
*[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=D7Oga-GvExMC&pg=PA64&lpg=PA64&dq=Naya+muluk&source=bl&ots=SWySzhFfCy&sig=ACfU3U3FOgXd14_bVQgz4AxRS512aOFp9Q&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj48ZyUn_bnAhXHfn0KHarBC6gQ6AEwBXoECAgQAQ Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in Nepal: Identities and Mobilization After 1990]
*https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09700160802309233
*[https://indiankanoon.org/docfragment/1687413/?big=3&formInput=nepal&__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=f0f4e1f5938bf7e2527a04c04555de28f0d0141d-1606093766-0-AeJ5IcIog4iiL_LUMZUjjsWoLmfhe3AkM-8I6tRiheum6qbyhP-PQX2LH_6KxzlLIbrqaWteOtq8MjVGGsn1gE1UPYelcvJBMzqoPS4IUPwRPG2cKqfzR3_-RKSpQ0AQFnAGYJXB6FyE-ihtOD_EORU9CUxl14GjVHIquRg3jREEeEru2HdWxy5yMnzS0-C4BvXJn2rmfPuo6wjYCa9eHxbXGPe8pH6ZRNbIrZPQ3QRAM4DB-4FDjgxNqaXUlqeZCWKQOzACIU5sFik2EnG0NbJKgD14e_GXCTtk0em2wrN05YE8CfXHFPc9RcpdmGx6dJt_AfY6c6ZgcJ-LZ780uGIxcqCdKXhmNF5J-ZeFCfx0AkR5ajy9z04cdN2Oo77HUBL56pS43RS8TSzUCCSo6SVVurpkO-KDUIq72fjZqKQY Raja Pratap Vikram Shah vs Kr. Upendra Bahadur Shah And Ors. on 15 September, 1951]

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[[Category:History of Nepal]]
[[Category:Sudurpashchim Province]]
[[Category:Geography of Lumbini Province]]
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[[Category:Jung Bahadur Rana]]
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[[Category:1860 in Nepal]]

Revision as of 11:00, 14 October 2022

Naya Muluk (Nepali: नयाँ मुलुक) is a geographical region of Nepal, which is situated western-south part in Nepal. The Terai land between Kali River to Rapti River called "Naya Muluk" after 1860.

History

Further information: Sugauli Treaty

After Anglo-Nepalese War in 1814-1816, Nepal was forced to sign a treaty called Sugauli Treaty in which Nepal lost one third part of geographical territory. The geographical territory was sectioned in five parts as below:

  1. The whole of the lowlands between the Rivers Kali and Rapti.
  2. The whole of the low lands lying between the Rapti and the Gunduck.
  3. The whole of the lowlands between the Gunduck and Coosah.
  4. All the low lands between the Rivers Mitchee and the Teestah.
  5. All the territories within the hills east of the River Mitchee and all territories west of Kali.

Section: 2 and 3 (whole land from Rapti to Gundak and Gandak to Koshi) restored back to Nepal on December 11, 1816.

Section: 1 (whole low land between the Rivers Kali and Rapti) returned in 1860 called Naya Muluk.

Territory

West-south frontier of Nepal with Oudh state in 1832 Naya muluk contains two district of Sudurpashchim province and two district of Lumbini Province. Total area is 9,207 square kilometres (3,555 sq mi) and total population is 2144,846.

Districts Area (KM2) Population
Kanchanpur 1,610 451,248
Kailali 3,235 775,709
Bardia 2,025 426,576
Banke 2,337 491,313
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