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The '''siege of Chanderi''' was a six-month siege led by [[Sher Shah Suri]] of the [[Sur Empire|Sur Dynasty]] in 1543 against [[Rajput]], lead by [[Raja]] of [[Chanderi]] [[Puran Mal]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Chaurasia |first=Radhey Shyam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8XnaL7zPXPUC&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PA181 |title=History of Medieval India: From 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D. |date=2002 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist |isbn=978-81-269-0123-4 |pages=181 |language=en}}</ref> At the end of the siege, Mal surrendered to Sher Shah and was executed thereafter.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Agrawal |first=Ashvini |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AZdCrUxFAHEC&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PA68 |title=Studies in Mughal History |date=1983 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publ. |isbn=978-81-208-2326-6 |pages=68 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Luard |first1=Charles Eckford |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YSM3AQAAMAAJ&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=RA1-PA114 |title=Bhopal State Gazetteer ...: Text and Tables |last2=Ali (Munshi.) |first2=Kudrat |date=1908 |publisher=Superintendent Government Printing, India |pages=114 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Pal |first=Vijay Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cHCqEAAAQBAJ&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PA179 |title=JAUHAR: in Indian Sub-Continent |date=2023-01-30 |publisher=Shashwat Publication |isbn=978-93-93557-80-3 |pages=178–179 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Srivastava |first=Ashirbadi Lal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P2cq-babye4C&q=sher+shah+Puran |title=Sher Shah and His Successors |date=1950 |publisher=B. L. Jain |pages=45 |language=en}}</ref>
The '''siege of Chanderi''' was a six-month siege led by [[Sher Shah Suri]] of the [[Sur Empire|Sur Dynasty]] in 1543 against [[Rajput]], lead by [[Raja]] of [[Chanderi]] [[Puran Mal]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Chaurasia |first=Radhey Shyam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8XnaL7zPXPUC&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PA181 |title=History of Medieval India: From 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D. |date=2002 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist |isbn=978-81-269-0123-4 |pages=181 |language=en}}</ref> At the end of the siege, Puran Mal surrendered to Sher Shah and was executed thereafter.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Agrawal |first=Ashvini |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AZdCrUxFAHEC&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PA68 |title=Studies in Mughal History |date=1983 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publ. |isbn=978-81-208-2326-6 |pages=68 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Luard |first1=Charles Eckford |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YSM3AQAAMAAJ&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=RA1-PA114 |title=Bhopal State Gazetteer ...: Text and Tables |last2=Ali (Munshi.) |first2=Kudrat |date=1908 |publisher=Superintendent Government Printing, India |pages=114 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Pal |first=Vijay Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cHCqEAAAQBAJ&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PA179 |title=JAUHAR: in Indian Sub-Continent |date=2023-01-30 |publisher=Shashwat Publication |isbn=978-93-93557-80-3 |pages=178–179 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Srivastava |first=Ashirbadi Lal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P2cq-babye4C&q=sher+shah+Puran |title=Sher Shah and His Successors |date=1950 |publisher=B. L. Jain |pages=45 |language=en}}</ref>


In 1542, Sher Shah had [[Sher Shah Suri#Conquest and consolidation of Malwa (1542)|conquered Malwa]] and moved towards [[Chanderi]] to annex the region.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bose |first=Saikat K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ywfsCgAAQBAJ&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PT375 |title=Boot, Hooves and Wheels: And the Social Dynamics behind South Asian Warfare |date=2015-06-20 |publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-84464-54-7 |language=en}}</ref> Mal had rebelled because in pursuance of his usual policy of administration, Sher Shah had transferred him to Benares.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mehta |first=Jl |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-TsMl0vSc0gC&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PA170 |title=Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India |publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd |isbn=978-81-207-1015-3 |pages=170 |language=en}}</ref>Soon after, Sher Shah besieged the [[Chanderi fort|fort of Chanderi]]. Puran Mal surrendered on January 1543<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wsiXwh_tIGkC&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=RA1-PA112 |title=The Pearson Indian History Manual for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-81-317-1753-0 |language=en}}</ref> and was later executed by Sher Shah.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kennedy |first=Pringle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Q4oAAAAYAAJ&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PA212 |title=A History of the Great Moghuls: Or, A History of the Badshahate of Delhi from 1398 A.D. to 1739, with an Introduction Concerning the Mongols and Moghuls of Central Asia |date=1905 |publisher=Thacker, Spink |pages=212 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Matta |first=Basheer Ahmad Khan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2VduAAAAMAAJ&q=sher+shah+Puran |title=Sher Shah Suri: A Fresh Perspective |date=2005 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-597882-7 |pages=171 |language=en}}</ref> Historian [[Abbas Sarwani]] describes a scene of the battle thus, "While the Hindus were employed in putting their women and families to death, the Afghans on all sides commenced the slaughter of the Hindus. Puran Mal and his companions... failed not to exhibit valour and gallantry, but in the twinkling of an eye all were slain." Only a few women and children survived. Puran Mal's daughter was given to [[minstrels]] to be a dancing girl while his three nephews were [[castrated]]. As an excuse for the treachery, Sher Shah claimed it as a revenge for enslavement of Muslim women and that he had once, when seriously ill, pledged to wipe out the Rajputs of Raisen.<ref>{{cite book |last=Eraly |first=Abraham |author-link=Abraham Eraly |year=2002 |orig-year=First published 1997 |title=Emperors of the Peacock Throne: The Saga of the Great Mughals |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=04ellRQx4nMC&pg=PA91 |publisher=Penguin Books India |pages=91–92 |isbn=978-0-14-100143-2}}</ref>
In 1542, Sher Shah had [[Sher Shah Suri#Conquest and consolidation of Malwa (1542)|conquered Malwa]] and moved towards [[Chanderi]] to annex the region.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bose |first=Saikat K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ywfsCgAAQBAJ&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PT375 |title=Boot, Hooves and Wheels: And the Social Dynamics behind South Asian Warfare |date=2015-06-20 |publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-84464-54-7 |language=en}}</ref> Mal had rebelled because in pursuance of his usual policy of administration, Sher Shah had transferred him to Benares.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mehta |first=Jl |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-TsMl0vSc0gC&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PA170 |title=Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India |publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd |isbn=978-81-207-1015-3 |pages=170 |language=en}}</ref>Soon after, Sher Shah besieged the [[Chanderi fort|fort of Chanderi]]. Puran Mal surrendered on January 1543<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wsiXwh_tIGkC&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=RA1-PA112 |title=The Pearson Indian History Manual for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-81-317-1753-0 |language=en}}</ref> and was later executed by Sher Shah.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kennedy |first=Pringle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Q4oAAAAYAAJ&dq=sher+shah+Puran&pg=PA212 |title=A History of the Great Moghuls: Or, A History of the Badshahate of Delhi from 1398 A.D. to 1739, with an Introduction Concerning the Mongols and Moghuls of Central Asia |date=1905 |publisher=Thacker, Spink |pages=212 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Matta |first=Basheer Ahmad Khan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2VduAAAAMAAJ&q=sher+shah+Puran |title=Sher Shah Suri: A Fresh Perspective |date=2005 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-597882-7 |pages=171 |language=en}}</ref> Historian [[Abbas Sarwani]] describes a scene of the battle thus, "While the Hindus were employed in putting their women and families to death, the Afghans on all sides commenced the slaughter of the Hindus. Puran Mal and his companions... failed not to exhibit valour and gallantry, but in the twinkling of an eye all were slain." Only a few women and children survived. Puran Mal's daughter was given to [[minstrels]] to be a dancing girl while his three nephews were [[castrated]]. As an excuse for the treachery, Sher Shah claimed it as a revenge for enslavement of Muslim women and that he had once, when seriously ill, pledged to wipe out the Rajputs of Raisen.<ref>{{cite book |last=Eraly |first=Abraham |author-link=Abraham Eraly |year=2002 |orig-year=First published 1997 |title=Emperors of the Peacock Throne: The Saga of the Great Mughals |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=04ellRQx4nMC&pg=PA91 |publisher=Penguin Books India |pages=91–92 |isbn=978-0-14-100143-2}}</ref>

Revision as of 12:47, 19 January 2024

This article is about a siege in the 1540s. For a battle in the 1520s, see Battle of Chanderi.

Siege of Chanderi

Chanderi Fort
DateJanuary 1543
Location
Chanderi
Result Sur victory
Belligerents
Sur Empire Chanderi Rajputs
Commanders and leaders
Sher Shah Suri Puran Mal Executed

The siege of Chanderi was a six-month siege led by Sher Shah Suri of the Sur Dynasty in 1543 against Rajput, lead by Raja of Chanderi Puran Mal.[1] At the end of the siege, Puran Mal surrendered to Sher Shah and was executed thereafter.[2][3][4][5]

In 1542, Sher Shah had conquered Malwa and moved towards Chanderi to annex the region.[1][6] Mal had rebelled because in pursuance of his usual policy of administration, Sher Shah had transferred him to Benares.[2][7]Soon after, Sher Shah besieged the fort of Chanderi. Puran Mal surrendered on January 1543[8] and was later executed by Sher Shah.[9][10] Historian Abbas Sarwani describes a scene of the battle thus, "While the Hindus were employed in putting their women and families to death, the Afghans on all sides commenced the slaughter of the Hindus. Puran Mal and his companions... failed not to exhibit valour and gallantry, but in the twinkling of an eye all were slain." Only a few women and children survived. Puran Mal's daughter was given to minstrels to be a dancing girl while his three nephews were castrated. As an excuse for the treachery, Sher Shah claimed it as a revenge for enslavement of Muslim women and that he had once, when seriously ill, pledged to wipe out the Rajputs of Raisen.[11]


References

  1. ^ a b Chaurasia, Radhey Shyam (2002). History of Medieval India: From 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 181. ISBN 978-81-269-0123-4.
  2. ^ a b Agrawal, Ashvini (1983). Studies in Mughal History. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 68. ISBN 978-81-208-2326-6.
  3. ^ Luard, Charles Eckford; Ali (Munshi.), Kudrat (1908). Bhopal State Gazetteer ...: Text and Tables. Superintendent Government Printing, India. p. 114.
  4. ^ Pal, Vijay Kumar (2023-01-30). JAUHAR: in Indian Sub-Continent. Shashwat Publication. pp. 178–179. ISBN 978-93-93557-80-3.
  5. ^ Srivastava, Ashirbadi Lal (1950). Sher Shah and His Successors. B. L. Jain. p. 45.
  6. ^ Bose, Saikat K. (2015-06-20). Boot, Hooves and Wheels: And the Social Dynamics behind South Asian Warfare. Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. ISBN 978-93-84464-54-7.
  7. ^ Mehta, Jl. Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 170. ISBN 978-81-207-1015-3.
  8. ^ Singh. The Pearson Indian History Manual for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Pearson Education India. ISBN 978-81-317-1753-0.
  9. ^ Kennedy, Pringle (1905). A History of the Great Moghuls: Or, A History of the Badshahate of Delhi from 1398 A.D. to 1739, with an Introduction Concerning the Mongols and Moghuls of Central Asia. Thacker, Spink. p. 212.
  10. ^ Matta, Basheer Ahmad Khan (2005). Sher Shah Suri: A Fresh Perspective. Oxford University Press. p. 171. ISBN 978-0-19-597882-7.
  11. ^ Eraly, Abraham (2002) [First published 1997]. Emperors of the Peacock Throne: The Saga of the Great Mughals. Penguin Books India. pp. 91–92. ISBN 978-0-14-100143-2.

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