Draft:First Republic of Chad: Difference between revisions
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| regional_languages = [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
| regional_languages = [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
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| demonym = [[Chadian people|Chadian]] |
| demonym = [[Chadian people|Chadian]] |
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| government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[semi-presidential republic]] |
| government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[semi-presidential republic]] (1960–1962)<br/>Unitary [[one-party state|one-party]] [[presidential republic]] under an [[authoritarianism|authoritarian]] [[dictatorship]] (1962–1975) |
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| legislature = [[National Assembly (Chad)|National Assembly]] |
| legislature = [[National Assembly (Chad)|National Assembly]] |
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| area_km2 = 1,284,000 |
| area_km2 = 1,284,000 |
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| currency = [[CFA franc]] |
| currency = [[Central African CFA franc]] |
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| currency_code = XAF |
| currency_code = XAF |
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| life_span = |
| life_span = 1960–1975 |
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| title_leader = [[President of Chad|President]] |
| title_leader = [[President of Chad|President]] |
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| year_leader1 = |
| year_leader1 = 1960–1975 |
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| leader1 = [[François Tombalbaye]] |
| leader1 = [[François Tombalbaye]] |
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| title_deputy = [[Prime Minister of Chad|Prime Minister]] |
| title_deputy = [[Prime Minister of Chad|Prime Minister]] |
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| event2 = Constitution promulgated |
| event2 = Constitution promulgated |
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| date_event2 = 28 November 1960 |
| date_event2 = 28 November 1960 |
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| event3 = [[One-party state]] established |
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| date_event3 = January 1962 |
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| event4 = [[Mangalmé riots]] |
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| date_event4 = 2 September 1965 |
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| event5 = [[Chadian Civil War (1965–1979)|First Chadian Civil War]] begins |
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| date_event5 = 1 November 1965 |
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| event_end = [[1975 Chadian coup d'état]] |
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| date_end = 13–15 April 1975 |
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| p1 = French Chad |
| p1 = French Chad |
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| s1 = Second Republic of Chad |
| s1 = Second Republic of Chad |
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The '''First Republic of Chad'''{{efn|{{Lang-fr|Première République du Tchad}}}} was the system of government in [[Chad]] that lasted from the country's independence on 11 August 1960, until the |
The '''First Republic of Chad'''{{efn|{{Lang-fr|Première République du Tchad}}}} was the system of government in [[Chad]] that lasted from the country's independence on 11 August 1960, until the the [[1975 Chadian coup d'état]] and the establishment of a [[military junta]]. During its existence, the nation initially started as a [[semi-presidential republic]] with [[François Tombalbaye]] serving as [[President of Chad|President]] and [[Prime Minister of Chad|Prime Minister]], with the ruling party being a [[Coalition government|coalition]] between the [[Chadian Progressive Party]] (PPT) and [[African Democratic Rally]]. In January 1962, however, Tombalbaye would ban all political parties other than the PPT and adopt a new constitution that abolished the [[head of government]], becoming [[dictator]]. Much of the [[authoritarian]] practices under Tombalbaye would become recurring issues in future governments. |
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The First Republic was beset by a number of issues, including [[ethnic tension]] between the [[Muslim people|Muslim]] north and [[Christian people|Christian]] south, thousands of political opponents being arrested and imprisoned, and attempts at rebellion. A [[tax revolt]] in [[Guéra Prefecture]] on 2 September 1965 would lead to the deaths of 500 people, later setting the stage for the [[Chadian Civil War (1965–1979)|Chadian Civil War]] which broke out in November between the Chadian government and protestors, later [[FROLINAT]], [[Liberation Front of Chad|FLT]], and other rebel groups supported by [[Libya]]. The First Republic would ultimately end on 13 April 1975 after the [[Chadian Armed Forces]] rebelled, before subsequently overthrowing and killing Tombalbaye in a [[coup d'état]], establishing the Second Republic under the [[Chad under Félix Malloum|Supreme Military Council]] (CSM). |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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Revision as of 07:06, 14 April 2024
 | This is a draft article. It is a work in progress open to editing by anyone. Please ensure core content policies are met before publishing it as a live Wikipedia article. Find sources: Google (books · news · scholar · free images · WP refs) · FENS · JSTOR · TWL Last edited by Shadowboxer2005 (talk | contribs) 6 months ago. (Update)
Finished drafting? or |
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Republic of Chad République du Tchad (French) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960–1975 | |||||||||
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Motto:
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Anthem:
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| Capital and largest city | N'Djamena 12°6′N 16°2′E / 12.100°N 16.033°E | ||||||||
| Official languages | French | ||||||||
| Recognised regional languages | Arabic | ||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Chadian | ||||||||
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic (1960–1962) Unitary one-party presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship (1962–1975) | ||||||||
| President | |||||||||
• 1960–1975 | François Tombalbaye | ||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||
• 1960–1962 | François Tombalbaye | ||||||||
| Legislature | National Assembly | ||||||||
| Historical era | |||||||||
• Autonomy granted | 28 November 1958 | ||||||||
• Independence | 11 August 1960 | ||||||||
• Constitution promulgated | 28 November 1960 | ||||||||
• One-party state established | January 1962 | ||||||||
| 2 September 1965 | |||||||||
• First Chadian Civil War begins | 1 November 1965 | ||||||||
| 13–15 April 1975 | |||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
• Total | 1,284,000 km2 (496,000 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Currency | Central African CFA franc (XAF) | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | TD | ||||||||
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The First Republic of Chad[a] was the system of government in Chad that lasted from the country's independence on 11 August 1960, until the the 1975 Chadian coup d'état and the establishment of a military junta. During its existence, the nation initially started as a semi-presidential republic with François Tombalbaye serving as President and Prime Minister, with the ruling party being a coalition between the Chadian Progressive Party (PPT) and African Democratic Rally. In January 1962, however, Tombalbaye would ban all political parties other than the PPT and adopt a new constitution that abolished the head of government, becoming dictator. Much of the authoritarian practices under Tombalbaye would become recurring issues in future governments.
The First Republic was beset by a number of issues, including ethnic tension between the Muslim north and Christian south, thousands of political opponents being arrested and imprisoned, and attempts at rebellion. A tax revolt in Guéra Prefecture on 2 September 1965 would lead to the deaths of 500 people, later setting the stage for the Chadian Civil War which broke out in November between the Chadian government and protestors, later FROLINAT, FLT, and other rebel groups supported by Libya. The First Republic would ultimately end on 13 April 1975 after the Chadian Armed Forces rebelled, before subsequently overthrowing and killing Tombalbaye in a coup d'état, establishing the Second Republic under the Supreme Military Council (CSM).
