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{{AfC submission|t||ts=20231123135931|u=Based.shqiptar.frompirok|ns=118|demo=}}<!-- Important, do not remove this line before article has been created. -->
{{AfC submission|t||ts=20231123135931|u=Based.shqiptar.frompirok|ns=118|demo=}}<!-- Important, do not remove this line before article has been created. -->


The '''Capture of Prishtina''' ([[Albanian language|Albanian]]: Pushtimi i Prishtinës) was a pivotal event during the [[Albanian revolt of 1912]], it involved the entry of [[Albanians|Albanian]] rebels into the former capital of the [[Kosovo vilayet]].
The '''Capture of Priştine''' ([[Albanian language|Albanian]]: Pushtimi i Prishtinës) was a pivotal event during the [[Albanian revolt of 1912]], it involved the entry of [[Albanians|Albanian]] rebels into the former capital of the [[Kosovo vilayet]].


{{Infobox military conflict
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Capture of Prishtina
| conflict = Capture of Priştine
| place = [[Prishtina]], [[Kosovo Vilayet]], now [[Kosovo]]
| place = [[Prishtina]], [[Kosovo Vilayet]], now [[Kosovo]]
| date = 21–22 July, 1912
| date = 21–22 July, 1912
Line 40: Line 40:
[[Bajram Curri]]'s [[Krasniqi|Krasniqi tribe]] secured a crucial victory at Prush Pass in [[Has (region)|Has]], scattering four Turkish battalions.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_lUtAQAAIAAJ&q=pushtimi+i+prishtin%C3%ABs |title=Historia e popullit shqiptar në katër vëllime: Rilindja kombëtare : vitet 30 të shek. XIX-1912 |date=2002 |publisher=Botimet Toena |isbn=978-99927-1-623-6 |language=sq}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kosova - janar-nëntor 1912 |url=http://www.enver-hoxha.net/content/content_shqip/navig-majtas/cont.rilindja_dhe_1912/95-vjetori.htm |access-date=2024-03-24 |website=www.enver-hoxha.net}}</ref> The Turks, misled about rebel intentions, returned to [[Gjakova]] demoralized. This triumph not only lifted spirits but also prompted dissatisfied officers to express opposition to the [[Young Turks|Young Turk]] regime, sympathizing with the Albanian cause.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Elsie |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.at/books?id=adWLDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA402&dq=Maqellar%C3%AB+battle&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiFibzbwYaHAxV8QkEAHfP2AuwQ6AF6BAgHEAM#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Kosovo, A Documentary History: From the Balkan Wars to World War II |last2=Destani |first2=Bejtullah D. |date=2018-01-30 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-78672-354-3 |language=en}}</ref>
[[Bajram Curri]]'s [[Krasniqi|Krasniqi tribe]] secured a crucial victory at Prush Pass in [[Has (region)|Has]], scattering four Turkish battalions.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_lUtAQAAIAAJ&q=pushtimi+i+prishtin%C3%ABs |title=Historia e popullit shqiptar në katër vëllime: Rilindja kombëtare : vitet 30 të shek. XIX-1912 |date=2002 |publisher=Botimet Toena |isbn=978-99927-1-623-6 |language=sq}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kosova - janar-nëntor 1912 |url=http://www.enver-hoxha.net/content/content_shqip/navig-majtas/cont.rilindja_dhe_1912/95-vjetori.htm |access-date=2024-03-24 |website=www.enver-hoxha.net}}</ref> The Turks, misled about rebel intentions, returned to [[Gjakova]] demoralized. This triumph not only lifted spirits but also prompted dissatisfied officers to express opposition to the [[Young Turks|Young Turk]] regime, sympathizing with the Albanian cause.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Elsie |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.at/books?id=adWLDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA402&dq=Maqellar%C3%AB+battle&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiFibzbwYaHAxV8QkEAHfP2AuwQ6AF6BAgHEAM#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Kosovo, A Documentary History: From the Balkan Wars to World War II |last2=Destani |first2=Bejtullah D. |date=2018-01-30 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-78672-354-3 |language=en}}</ref>


== Battle ==
== Capture ==
Within the space of a few days, over 10,000-12,000 rebels converged outside [[Pristina|Prishtina]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pepo |first=Petraq |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DR0WAQAAMAAJ |title=Kujtime nga lëvizja për çlirimin kombetar (1878-1912). |date=1962 |publisher=Universiteti Shtetëror i Tiranës, Instituti i Historisë e Gjuhësisë |language=sq}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Curri |first=Bajram |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKG4AAAAIAAJ |title=Bajram Curri: trajtesa e dokumente |date=1982 |publisher=Akademia e Shkencave e RPSSH, Instituti i Historisë |language=sq}}</ref> determined to claim the town. Forces from [[Gjilan]], [[Kaçanik]], [[Prizren]], and [[Tetovo|Tetova]] strategically secured positions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-27 |title=ROLI DHE KONTRIBUTI I HASAN PRISHTINËS NË ORGANIZIMIN E KRYENGRITJES SË PËRGJITHSHME TË VITIT 1912 – Dielli {{!}} The Sun |url=https://gazetadielli.com/roli-dhe-kontributi-i-hasan-prishtines-ne-organizimin-e-kryengritjes-se-pergjithshme-te-vitit-1912/ |access-date=2023-11-24 |language=en-US}}</ref>
Within the space of a few days, over 10,000-12,000 rebels converged outside [[Pristina|Prishtina]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pepo |first=Petraq |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DR0WAQAAMAAJ |title=Kujtime nga lëvizja për çlirimin kombetar (1878-1912). |date=1962 |publisher=Universiteti Shtetëror i Tiranës, Instituti i Historisë e Gjuhësisë |language=sq}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Curri |first=Bajram |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKG4AAAAIAAJ |title=Bajram Curri: trajtesa e dokumente |date=1982 |publisher=Akademia e Shkencave e RPSSH, Instituti i Historisë |language=sq}}</ref> determined to claim the town. Forces from [[Gjilan]], [[Kaçanik]], [[Prizren]], and [[Tetovo|Tetova]] strategically secured positions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-27 |title=ROLI DHE KONTRIBUTI I HASAN PRISHTINËS NË ORGANIZIMIN E KRYENGRITJES SË PËRGJITHSHME TË VITIT 1912 – Dielli {{!}} The Sun |url=https://gazetadielli.com/roli-dhe-kontributi-i-hasan-prishtines-ne-organizimin-e-kryengritjes-se-pergjithshme-te-vitit-1912/ |access-date=2023-11-24 |language=en-US}}</ref>


Revision as of 19:14, 1 July 2024

The Capture of Priştine (Albanian: Pushtimi i Prishtinës) was a pivotal event during the Albanian revolt of 1912, it involved the entry of Albanian rebels into the former capital of the Kosovo vilayet.

Capture of Priştine
Part of Albanian revolt of 1912
Date21–22 July, 1912
Location
Prishtina, Kosovo Vilayet, now Kosovo
Result

Albanian victory

Belligerents
Albanian rebels  Ottoman Empire
Commanders and leaders
Hasan Prishtina
Bajram Curri		 Ismail Fazıl Pasha  Surrendered
Units involved
 Ottoman Garrison
Strength
10,000-12,000 rebels 60,000 soldiers

Background

Siege of Peja

In Peja, a fierce uprising unfolded as Xhafer Tajari valiantly resisted, though Turkish forces eventually broke through, forcing rebels towards Rugova and Plava. Despite setbacks, Albanian morale remained resilient.[2]

Battle of Prush Pass

Bajram Curri's Krasniqi tribe secured a crucial victory at Prush Pass in Has, scattering four Turkish battalions.[3][4] The Turks, misled about rebel intentions, returned to Gjakova demoralized. This triumph not only lifted spirits but also prompted dissatisfied officers to express opposition to the Young Turk regime, sympathizing with the Albanian cause.[5]

Capture

Within the space of a few days, over 10,000-12,000 rebels converged outside Prishtina,[6][7] determined to claim the town. Forces from Gjilan, Kaçanik, Prizren, and Tetova strategically secured positions.[8]

Facing military preparations from the Prishtina garrison, a daring act unfolded at the telegraph office. A group of Albanian men from Prishtina confronted Ismail Fazıl Pasha,[9] shoving a pistol into his mouth and threatening him to sign an order prohibiting the Ottoman army in the trenches from resisting if the Albanian rebels attempted to take the town. This decisive move not only avoided the risk of bloody conflict but also facilitated a seamless transition of Prishtina into the epicenter of the rebellion, with the enthusiastic participation of the town's populace swelling the rebel ranks to 30,000.[10]

International observers, including The Times, Neue Freie Presse, and Novoye Vremya, were intrigued by two aspects: Albanians prevailing against a 60,000-strong Turkish force and the notable discipline among rebels. In an interview, Hasan Prishtina emphasized Albanian native intelligence fostering wartime discipline, leaving a positive impression on the Russian correspondent, who envisioned a promising future for the Albanian people in the Balkans.

Aftermath

The fall of Prishtina put the entire Vilayet of Kosovo under the control of the rebels, Panic spread in Istanbul and leading to the resignation of Grand Vizier Said Pasha. Kâmil Pasha formed a new cabinet, initiating negotiations with Albanian leaders.[11][12] Led by Ibrahim Hakki Pasha, the mission aimed to address Albanian demands, including official recognition of borders, Albanian officials, and military autonomy. Challenges arose due to internal divisions and external influences. The negotiated demands covered language, education, military service, and national traditions. Despite difficulties, an understanding was reached. However, the outbreak of the Balkan War disrupted plans for a united and independent Albania.

References

  1. ^ Elsie, Robert; Destani, Bejtullah D. (2018-01-30). Kosovo, A Documentary History: From the Balkan Wars to World War II. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 81. ISBN 978-1-78672-354-3. the fall of Prishtina put the whole vilayet of Kosovo in our hands.
  2. ^ "1921 | Hasan Bey Prishtina: Brief Memoir on the Albanian Uprising of 1912". www.albanianhistory.net. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  3. ^ Historia e popullit shqiptar në katër vëllime: Rilindja kombëtare : vitet 30 të shek. XIX-1912 (in Albanian). Botimet Toena. 2002. ISBN 978-99927-1-623-6.
  4. ^ "Kosova - janar-nëntor 1912". www.enver-hoxha.net. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  5. ^ Elsie, Robert; Destani, Bejtullah D. (2018-01-30). Kosovo, A Documentary History: From the Balkan Wars to World War II. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78672-354-3.
  6. ^ Pepo, Petraq (1962). Kujtime nga lëvizja për çlirimin kombetar (1878-1912) (in Albanian). Universiteti Shtetëror i Tiranës, Instituti i Historisë e Gjuhësisë.
  7. ^ Curri, Bajram (1982). Bajram Curri: trajtesa e dokumente (in Albanian). Akademia e Shkencave e RPSSH, Instituti i Historisë.
  8. ^ "ROLI DHE KONTRIBUTI I HASAN PRISHTINËS NË ORGANIZIMIN E KRYENGRITJES SË PËRGJITHSHME TË VITIT 1912 – Dielli | The Sun". 2021-11-27. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  9. ^ "Kosova - janar-nëntor 1912". www.enver-hoxha.net. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  10. ^ "Kosova - janar-nëntor 1912". www.enver-hoxha.net. Retrieved 2024-03-24.
  11. ^ "1921 | Hasan Bey Prishtina: Brief Memoir on the Albanian Uprising of 1912". www.albanianhistory.net. Retrieved 2023-11-23.
  12. ^ Pepo, Petraq (1962). Kujtime nga lëvizja për çlirimin kombetar (1878-1912) (in Albanian). Universiteti Shtetëror i Tiranës, Instituti i Historisë e Gjuhësisë.
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