Atlacomulco: Difference between revisions
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==History== |
==History== |
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In the beginning, Atlacomulco was ruled by [[Mazahua|Mazahuas]] since an unknown date. After the Spanish conquest, Atlacomulco was entrusted to [[Francisco de Villegas]], |
In the beginning, Atlacomulco was ruled by [[Mazahua|Mazahuas]] since an unknown date. After the Spanish conquest, Atlacomulco was entrusted to [[Francisco de Villegas]], of [[Spain]] on November 8, 1535. A royal charter was issued on December 19, 1536, a transfer authorized by the king, giving the rights to his deputy in [[Madrid]] on April 29, 1536.<ref name="E-LOCAL"/> |
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During the War of Independence [[Miguel Hidalgo]], in front of the insurgent army, crossed the northwestern part of Atlacomulco in November, 1810 as one of the most important events of the XVIII century in this municipality. [[Ignacio López Rayón]] also |
During the War of Independence [[Miguel Hidalgo]], in front of the insurgent army, crossed the northwestern part of Atlacomulco in November, 1810 as one of the most important events of the XVIII century in this municipality. [[Ignacio López Rayón]] also crossed the southwest part of the municipality a few months later.<ref name="E-LOCAL"/> |
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Once Mexican Independence was gained on 1824, the municipality of Atlacomulco was established in August 4th of the same year. All this historical information is in the municipal archives in the ''Oldest Town'' section and it was signed by [[Agustín Peláez]], who was the first mayor of Atlacomulco.<ref name="E-LOCAL"/> |
Once Mexican Independence was gained on 1824, the municipality of Atlacomulco was established in August 4th of the same year. All this historical information is in the municipal archives in the ''Oldest Town'' section and it was signed by [[Agustín Peláez]], who was the first mayor of Atlacomulco.<ref name="E-LOCAL"/> |
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Nowadays, this municipalty is considered one of the most developed in the State of Mexico because of its industrial zone and its proximity to Pasteje, an industrial plant which is an important source of employment. It is also considered as the birthplace of many distinguished people related to the religious and economic fields.<ref name="E-LOCAL"/> |
Nowadays, this municipalty is considered one of the most developed in the State of Mexico because of its industrial zone and its proximity to Pasteje, an industrial plant which is an important source of employment. It is also considered as the birthplace of many distinguished people related to the religious and economic fields.<ref name="E-LOCAL"/> |
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The reason why Atlacomulco has gained prominence in [[ |
The reason why Atlacomulco has gained prominence in [[Mexico]] is thanks to “The Atlacomulco Group”, which is how many politicians of this municipalty have been unofficially known. This group includes many governors of Mexico such as [[Isidro Fabela Alfaro]], [[Alfredo del Mazo Vélez]], [[Salvador Sanchez Colín]], [[Arturo Montiel Rojas]] and the actual governor [[Enrique Peña Nieto]]. <ref name="E-LOCAL"/> |
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==Political geography== |
==Political geography== |
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[[Image:Isidro_Fabela.jpg|thumb|left|Image of Isidro Fabela Park.]] |
[[Image:Isidro_Fabela.jpg|thumb|left|Image of Isidro Fabela Park.]] |
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[[Image:Isla_de_las_Aves.gif|thumb|rigth|Image of Bird Island.]] |
[[Image:Isla_de_las_Aves.gif|thumb|rigth|Image of Bird Island.]] |
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Revision as of 03:17, 16 November 2007
Atlacomulco de Fabela | |
|---|---|
Flag
Coat of arms
| |
| Anthem: Himno Nacional Mexicano | |
| Location of Atlacomulco | |
| Official languages | Spanish (de facto)1 |
| Government | Presidential |
| Lucas Caballero (( .svg){kind=logo} PRI)) | |
| Area | |
• Total | 258.74 km2 (99.90 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2007 estimate | 80,000 |
• 2005 census | 77,831 |
| Currency | Peso (MXN) |
Atlacomulco is a municipality located in the northwest of the State of Mexico, about 50-60km from the state capital, Toluca. The word "Atlacomulco" means “The place where the water wells are” and it comes from Nahuatl.[1]
In the beginning, Atlacomulco was ruled by Mazahuas since an unknown date. After the Spanish conquest, Atlacomulco was entrusted to Francisco de Villegas, of Spain. The villagers from Atlacomulco did not participate greatly during the Mexico Independence. On August 4, 1824, Atlacomulco was established as a municipalty and its first president was Agustín Peláez. Atlacomulco was formed by the joining of two haciendas, El Toshi contributed 18,716.10 hectares and El Salto contributed 1,539.93 hectares. The development of Atlacomulco started between 1911 and 1950 with the construction of many schools in the center of the municipality and then spread to the outer comunities.[1]
History
In the beginning, Atlacomulco was ruled by Mazahuas since an unknown date. After the Spanish conquest, Atlacomulco was entrusted to Francisco de Villegas, of Spain on November 8, 1535. A royal charter was issued on December 19, 1536, a transfer authorized by the king, giving the rights to his deputy in Madrid on April 29, 1536.[1]
During the War of Independence Miguel Hidalgo, in front of the insurgent army, crossed the northwestern part of Atlacomulco in November, 1810 as one of the most important events of the XVIII century in this municipality. Ignacio López Rayón also crossed the southwest part of the municipality a few months later.[1]
Once Mexican Independence was gained on 1824, the municipality of Atlacomulco was established in August 4th of the same year. All this historical information is in the municipal archives in the Oldest Town section and it was signed by Agustín Peláez, who was the first mayor of Atlacomulco.[1]
Nowadays, this municipalty is considered one of the most developed in the State of Mexico because of its industrial zone and its proximity to Pasteje, an industrial plant which is an important source of employment. It is also considered as the birthplace of many distinguished people related to the religious and economic fields.[1]
The reason why Atlacomulco has gained prominence in Mexico is thanks to “The Atlacomulco Group”, which is how many politicians of this municipalty have been unofficially known. This group includes many governors of Mexico such as Isidro Fabela Alfaro, Alfredo del Mazo Vélez, Salvador Sanchez Colín, Arturo Montiel Rojas and the actual governor Enrique Peña Nieto. [1]
Political geography
Atlacomulco is located in the northwest of the State of Mexico inside the coordinates of the parallels 19’43’37” and 19’43’67” north. It is between the meridians 99’42’12” and 99’52’48” west. Its altitude varies from 2,640 to 2,720 above sea level. Atlacomulco has a total expansion of 258.74 square kilometers that represent the 1.19% of the total territory of the State of Mexico.[1]
Atlacomulco is bounded to the north by Acambay and Temascalcingo, to the east by San Bartolo Morelos and San Andrés Timilpan, to the south by Jocotitlán, to the west by Temascalcingo and El Oro. The distance between Atlacomulco and Toluca, the capital of Mexico State, is 63 kilometers aproximately.[1]
Natural geography
Atlacomulco is situated on the transversal volcanic axis that crosses México in an area of lakes and volcanoes called "Anahuac". Also, Atlacomulco is part of the Jocotitlan foothills. The main mountains in Atlacomulco are Xitije, Atlacomulco, La Cruz, El Cielito, El Nogal, San Miguel, Tepari, Lashco and Cantaxi.[1]
Rivers, lakes, basins and springs
Atlacomulco is near the Lerma River river and has 31 springs. Atlacomulco has many lakeside parks such as Lerma, Zacoalpan, Atotonilco, El Salto, Los Corrales, La Huerta, Mabati, Tierras Blancas, Santiago, Pueblo Nuevo y Ojo de Agua. The climate in Atlacomulco is sub-tropical with a rainy season in the summer. The average high temperature is about 19.9 °C and the average low is 7.4°C.[1]
Demographics
In the 2005 census, Atlacomulco had a total population of 77,831 people, and 8,829 of them speak an ethnic dialect such as: Mazahua, Náhuatl, and Otomí among others.[2]
Economy
The economy of Atlacomulco is based on agriculture and stockbreeding. The principal crops are corn, wheat, barley and oats. 60% of production of these products is for local consumption and only 40% is for trade. San Lorenzo Tlacotepec is a small village nearby where the people raise plants, principally plants for decoration.[1]
Gastronomy
Among the culinary delights of Atlacomulco are pit barbecue sheep with consome, chopped pork and a salad called "Juanes", composed of nopales, tomato, coriander, pork rind, avocado, cheese and peas. As for drinks, it is recommended try fruit drinks made with several fruits from the region such as: mango, watermelon, strawberry, etc. as well as traditional pulque.[3]
Tourism
The springs called Las Fuentes are a great place for family recreation outdoors located en the center of Atlacomulco. Only 14 Kms. from Atlacomulco, on the shores of Lake J. Trinidad Fabela on "El Salto" is located La Isla de las Aves, with appropriate facilities to enjoy walks countryside, a small island in the middle of the dam harbors bird diversity such as: pigeons, geese, ducks, Guinea chikens, among others. This natural park is part of a program to preserve the ecosystem of Atlacomulco and to prevent the extinction of many species.[3]
Nearby, the Parque El Ocotal, in the municipality of Timilpan, offers visitors the opportunity to enjoy beautiful forests, a small zoo, a board to practice rowing and horseback riding and an ideal place for camping and meals countryside.[3]
Isidro Fabela Park is a natural park that belongs to the state and it is located in “Cerro Viejo” [3]
Among craft work in the region are pieces of pottery jars, pots, barrels and "comales" (flat pan for cooking tortillas), hats, sarapes and miniature musical instruments. All these products can be purchased at the Sunday open-air market.[3]
Important people
Isidro Fabela Alfaro (1882-1964), was a lawyer, teacher, federal deputy, writer and publisher. Some of his works are The sadness of love, Los prescursores de la diplomacia Mexicana (The precursors of the Mexican diplomacy) and Historia Diplomatica de la Revolucion Mexicana (Diplomatic History of the Mexican Revolution). He was mayor of Atlacomulco from 1942 to 1945. The national conference leading to "Precursores de la Politica Extrangera Mexicana" (Precursors of the Mexican Foreign Policy) on October 24, 1996, was recorded with gold letters on behalf of him on the floor of the Congress.[4]
In public administration Mario Sánchez Colín (1922-1983) played diferent roles such as: director of the Literary and Scientific Institute of the State of México. He produced a comprehensive cultural and academic program during his administration. As a federal deputy he edited books for free distribution dedicated to youth, as well as creating publications such as: Testimonios de Atlacomulco (Testimonials of Atlacomulco) and the Enciclopedia Enciclopedia del Estádo de México (Encyclopedia of the State of México). He was also the initiator of the construction of the first Casa de la Cultura (House of Culture) and the founder of the organization of municipal archives of the State of Mexico.[5]
Salvador Sánchez Colín (1912-) was governor of the State of México from 1951 to 1957. During his tenuer, he focused on the cultural, moral and intellectual advancement. He was a prominent agronomist.[6]
Cirenio Malachi Huitrón Velasco (1881-1971) was a distinguished politician. He held very important positions as a public servant. He worked in one of the first municipal laws of the state and in the formulation of a bill for civil service.[1]
Alfredo del Mazo Velez (1904-1975) performed efficient administrative work. He worked on everal social projects to help people in Atlacomulco.[1]
Roberto Barrios Castro (1908-1994) was a great politician and writer. He was school director besides a cultural promoter. He was one of the founders of the Mexican Revolution celebration and head of the Agricultural Department. He was the Latin American representative at the International Labor Organization, studying agrarian reform, in Geneva, Switzerland. He wrote 6 Años de Políticas en la Agricultura del Presidente Adolfo López Mateos (6 Years of agricultural policy of President Adolfo López Mateos), and El Hombre es la Tierra (Man is the land).[1]
Maximino Ruiz y Flores was born in Atlacomulco on 1875. He was a bishop in Chiapas. He had a prominent church and a true apostle in the diocese of Chiapas, mainly with the Indians. He was an important writer very commited to religion. He died in 1949 but he is still remembered in Atlacomulco.[1]
Arturo Velez Martinez (1904-1989) was appointed parish priest of San Bartolo Otzolotepec, which forms part of the Atlacomulco municipality, where he spent the most productive years of his life. In April 1951, he was named as the first bishop of the Diocese of Toluca, and built the current cathedral and the seminary.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Gobierno del Estádo de México. "Plan de desarrollo municipal de Atlacomulco 1997-2000" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2007-10-15.
- ^ Instituto Nacional de Estadística Geográfica e Informática. "Datos estadísticos del Estado de México" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2007-11-12.
- ^ a b c d e Gobierno del Estádo de México. "Turistic guide of Atlacomulco". Retrieved 2007-11-12.
- ^ Biografías y Vidas. "Biografía de Isidro Fabela" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2007-11-13.
- ^ Biografías. "Biografía de Mario Colín" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2007-11-13.
- ^ H. Ayuntamiento de Atlacomulco. "Biografía de Salvador Colín" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2007-11-13.
- Ayuntamiento de Atlacomulco (1997). Plan de desarrollo municipal de Atlacomulco 1997-2000 (in Spanish), Atlacomulco México: Ayuntamiento de Atlacomulco.
- Marisol del Socorro Arias Flores (1998). Monografía municipal de Atlacomulco (in Spanish). Toluca México: Instituto Mexiquense de Cultura.