Adam von Trott zu Solz

Trott zu Solz at the Volksgerichtshof

Adam von Trott zu Solz (August 9, 1909 – August 26, 1944) was a German lawyer and diplomat who opposed the Nazi regime.

Life

Born in Potsdam, Germany, he was the fifth child of Emilie Eleonore (née von Schweinitz) and leading Prussian civil servant August von Trott zu Solz. Adam von Trott went to the UK in 1931 on a Rhodes Scholarship to study at Balliol College, Oxford where he became close friends with David Astor. Following his studies at Oxford, Trott went on to spend six months in the United States. He was a great-great-great grandson of John Jay, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. In 1937 Trott was posted to China.

He took advantage of his travels to try to raise support outside Germany for the internal resistance against the Nazis. In 1939, he lobbied Lord Lothian and Lord Halifax to pressure the British government to abandon its policy of appeasement towards Adolf Hitler, visiting London three times. He also visited Washington, D.C., in October of that year in an unsuccessful attempt to obtain American support.

Friends warned Trott not to return to Germany but his conviction that he had to do something to stop the madness of Hitler and his henchmen led him to return. Once there, in 1940 Trott joined the Nazi Party in order to access party information and monitor its planning. At the same time, he served as a foreign policy advisor to the clandestine group of intellectuals planning the overthrow of the Nazi regime known as the Kreisau Circle. However, during the war, Trott helped Indian leader Subhas Chandra Bose in setting up the Special Bureau for India. Bose had escaped to Germany at the onset of the war, and later raised the Indische Legion in the country.

Trott was part of Claus von Stauffenberg's unsuccessful plot of July 20 1944 to assassinate Hitler. He was arrested within days, placed on trial and found guilty. Sentenced to death on 15 August 1944 by the Volksgerichtshof, he was hanged in Berlin's Plötzensee Prison on August 26.

Trott is one of five Germans who are commemorated on Balliol College's World War II memorial stone. His name is also recorded among the Rhodes Scholar war dead in the Rotunda of Rhodes House, Oxford.

Works

Adam von Trott was the author of:

• Hegels Staatsphilosophie und das internationale Recht; Diss. Göttingen (V&R), 1932
• Defense/Accusation of the Hitlerite/nazist-Crime-Amnesty Understanding/terror-"Lawhumiliation" (von Moltke, 1943) at the "Volksgerichtshof", August 1944, still valid; asked, re-newed 1983f. Ref.: Ms Clarita von Trott zu Solz, "Adam von Trott zu Solz. Eine Lebensbeschreibung", Berlin (1994), Original Lawsuite, text and sense at: "Die Angeklagten des 20 Juli vor dem Volksgerichtshof", Hg. Bengt von zur Mühlen, Berlin-Kelinmachnow (2000). Archives Royal Household.

Further reading

• Willy Brandt, "Verbrecher und andere Deutsche / Criminals and the other Germany", Oslo 1946 / Bonn 2007, ISBN 978-3-8012-0380-1, with a punishment of 1:1, as Einstein taught in 1944, United States: [1]
• James Bacque, Our Fathers' War, Exile Editions, 2006 ISBN 1-55096-635-9 (A novel which mixes historical personages with fictional)
• Hedley Bull, Edited by: The Challenge of the Third Reich –The Adam von Trott Memorial Lectures Oxford University Press, 1986. ISBN 0-19-821962-8
• Christabel Bielenberg: The Past is Myself, Corgi, 1968. ISBN 0-552-99065-5. Published in the US as When I was a German, 1934-1945, University of Nebraska Press, 1998. ISBN 0-8032-6151-9
• Sheila Grant Duff: Fünf Jahre bis zum Krieg (1934-1939), Verlag C.H.Beck, trans. Ekkehard Klausa, ISBN 3-406-01412-7.
• Sheila Grant Duff: The Parting of Ways—A Personal Account of the Thirties, Peter Owen, 1982, ISBN 0-7206-0586-5.
• The Earl of Halifax: Fulness of Days, Collins, 1957, London.
• Michael Ignatieff: A Life of Isaiah Berlin, Chatto&Windus, 1998, ISBN 0-7011-6325-9.
• Diana Hopkinson: The Incense Tree, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1968, ISBN 0-7100-6236-2.
• Annedore Leber, collected by: Conscience in Revolt—Sixty-four Stories of Resistance in Germany 1933-45, Valentine, Mitchell & Co, London 1957 (Das Gewissen Steht Auf, Mosaik-Verlag, Berlin, 1954).
• Klemens von Klemperer: German Resistance Against Hitler—The search For Allies Abroad, Clarendon press, Oxford, 1992, USA under Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-821940-7.
• Klemens von Klemperer (Editor): A Noble Combat—The Letters of Sheila Grant Duff and Adam von Trott zu Solz, 1932-1939, 1988, ISBN 0-19-822908-9 (see discussion page).
• Giles MacDonogh: A good German—Adam von Trott zu Solz, Woodstock, N.Y., Overlook Press, 1992, ISBN 0-87951-449-3.
• A. L. Rowse: All Souls And Appeasement—A Contribution to Contemporary history, Macmillan & Co., London/New York, 1961.
• A. L. Rowse: A Man of The Thirties, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1979, ISBN 0-297-77666-5.
• A. L. Rowse: A Cornishman Abroad, Jonathan Cape, 1976, ISBN 0-224-01244-4.
• Christopher Sykes: Troubled Loyalty—A biography of Adam von Trott zu Slz, Collins, London, 1968.
• Marie Vassiltchikov (aka Maria Vasilchilkova): Berlin Diaries 1940-1945, 1988. ISBN 0-394-75777-7
• John W. Wheeler-Bennett: The Nemesis of Power—The German Army in Politics, 1918-1945 Macmillan & Co, London/New York, 1953.
• Sir John Wheeler-Bennett: Friends, Enemies and Sovereigns—The Final Volume of his Auto-biography, MacMillan, London 1976, ISBN 0-312-30555-9.

External links

• Adam von Trott zu Solz, jewishvirtuallibrary.org
• Adam von Trott zu Solz, wiesenthal.org
• Adam von Trott zu Solz, videolexikon.com
• The Restless Conscience, Resistance to Hitler Inside Nazi Germany 1933-1945, Film, USA 1991
• Adam von Trott zu Solz, Featured article on German wikipedia (in German)
• 20. July, Omaha Beach, "Initiative Rechtsstaat / Initiative 'Rule of Law'", [2], [3], notifications supported, done