Treaty of Karlowitz

Negotiation of the Peace of Karlowitz (note the way the Turkish ambassadors sit with their legs crossed)

Poland after the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699

The Treaty (Peace) of Karlowitz (Karlovci) was signed on 26 January 1699 in Sremski Karlovci (Serbian Cyrillic: Сремски Карловци, Croatian: Srijemski Karlovci, German: Karlowitz, Turkish: Karlofça, Hungarian: Karlóca), a town in modern-day Serbia, concluding the Austro-Ottoman War of 1683–1697 in which the Ottoman side had finally been defeated at the Battle of Zenta and expelled from the Hungarian Kingdom after almost one and a half centuries of occupation.

Following a two-month congress between the Ottoman Empire on one side and the Holy League of 1684, a coalition of various European powers including the Habsburg Monarchy, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Republic of Venice and Peter I of Russia, a treaty was signed on 26 January 1699. Austria received all of Hungary and Transylvania except the Banat. Venice obtained most of Dalmatia along with the Morea (the Peloponnesus peninsula in southern Greece). Poland recovered Podolia. Turkey retained Belgrade.

The Treaty of Karlowitz marked the beginning of the Ottoman decline, and made the Habsburg Monarchy the dominant power in Southeastern Europe, despite considerable Hungarian discontent with the Habsburg monarchy which had been imposed upon her.

Sources

• Bideleux, Robert., Jeffries, Ian., A History of Eastern Europe: Crisis and Change, Routledge, New York, 1998 ISBN 0415161118

External links

• Encyclopædia Britannica - Treaty of Karlowitz
• Scan of the Turkish-Venecian treaty at IEG Mainz
• Scan of the treaty between the Holy Roman and Ottoman Empires at IEG Mainz