List of wars involving Mexico: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 22:28, 15 October 2011
Mexico has been involved in numerous different military conflicts over the years, with most being civil/internal wars.
The following is a list of wars involving Mexico:
- Pre-Columbian/Indigenous Tribal Warfare (?B.C.-1600s), wars and battles by indigenous pre-Columbian civilizations and tribes in modern-day Mexico. Mainly by the Aztec, Maya, Tlaxcaltec, Zapotec, Toltec and Tarascan.
- The Tepanec Civil War (1426-1428), Aztec Mexico civil war
- Flower Wars (1426/8-1519), Aztec Triple Alliance against other pre-Columbian nations in Mesoamerica
- Spanish Invasion (1519-1521)
- Mexican Indian Wars (1519-1933)
- Yaqui Wars (1533-1929)
- Yaqui Uprising (1896)
- Yaqui Indian War (1899-1904?), One of the last of the long series of Mexican-Indian Wars, this conflict began when chiefs of the eight principal Yaqui Indian tribes demand Mexican withdrawal from the Sinaloa region.[1]
- Apache-Mexico Wars (Spain: 1600s-1821, Mexico: 1821-1915), raids and conflicts between Spanish Mexico and the Apaches, and Mexico and the Apaches. Part of the Mexican Indian Wars.
- Victorio's War (1879–1880), part of the Apache–Mexico Wars and the long series of Mexican Indian Wars.
- Comanche-Mexico War, part of the Mexican Indian Wars.
- Caste War of Yucatán (1847–1901)
- Yaqui Wars (1533-1929)
- Mexican War of Independence (1810–1821)
- Spanish reconquest of Mexico (1821-1829), a series of attempts by Spain to thwart the independence of Mexico
- The Era of Mexican Coups (1820s-1846), Several states create their own militia to fight the army and gain independence. Several states openly rebelled against Santa Anna's Mexico: Coahuila y Tejas (the northern part of which would become the Republic of Texas), San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, Durango, Guanajuato, Michoacán, Yucatán, Jalisco, Nuevo León, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, and Zacatecas. Several of these states formed their own governments, the Republic of the Rio Grande, the Republic of Yucatan (Twice), and the Republic of Texas. (Only the Texans defeated Santa Anna and retained their independence). The Zacatecan militia, the largest and best supplied of the Mexican states, led by Francisco Garcia, was well armed with .753 caliber British 'Brown Bess' muskets and Baker .61 rifles. Nonetheless, after two hours of combat on 12 May 1835, Santa Anna's "Army of Operations" defeated the Zacatecan militia and took almost 3,000 prisoners. Santa Anna allowed his army to loot Zacatecas for forty-eight hours. After defeating Zacatecas, he planned to move on to Coahuila y Tejas to quell the rebellion there, which was being supported by settlers from the United States (aka Texians).
- Central American Federation War of independence (1822-1823), The brief Mexican Empire under Emperor Iturbide lost control of Central America in a short war in which the United Provinces of Central America became an independent nation[2].
- Texas Revolution (1835–1836)
- Caste War of Yucatán (1847–1901)
- Pastry War (1838–1839), the first French invasion of Mexico
- Mexican–American War (1846–1848)
- Reform War (1857–1861), civil war between Conservatives and Liberals
- French intervention in Mexico (1861–1867)
- Las Cuevas War (1875), a brief armed conflict between a force of Texas Rangers commanded by Capt. Leander McNelly and an irregular force of Mexican militia
- Mexican Revolution (1910–1921), civil war
- Border War (1910-1918) Banana Wars, World War I, Mexico and the German Empire against U.S. forces
- Cristero War (1926–1929), civil war between Catholics and the non-religious government
- World War II (1942–1945)
- Dirty War (1968–1982)
- Zapatista Uprising (1994-Present ), indigenous groups declare war against the Mexican Government
- EPR Marxist Guerrilla Conflict (1996-Present), The Popular Revolutionary Army or Ejército Popular Revolucionario (EPR) formed in 1996 and promotes a Marxist philosophy. Several clashes with Mexican military forces in Oaxaca state followed the group's July 1996 declaration of war against the government. The EPR is believed to be connected to the pipeline attacks in June and September, 2007.[3]
- Mexican Drug War (2006-Ongoing), Mexico's major war on drugs
Massacres Conducted by Mexican Government
There have been many massacres in Mexico, but there have been a few that have been carried out by government forces. These are a list of Mexican Government massacres:
Name | Date | Location | Deaths | War | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acteal massacre | December 22, 1997 | Chenalhó, Chiapas | 45 | Chiapas conflict | killing of "Las Abejas", by the paramilitary group "Mascara Roja", or "Red Mask", supported by the Mexican Army[4] |
Aguas Blancas massacre | June 28, 1995 | Aguas Blancas, Guerrero, Mexico | 17 | EPR Marxist Guerrilla Movement | Led to the EPR Marxist Guerrilla Movement. |
Tula massacre | January 14, 1982 | Atotonilco de Tula, Hidalgo | 13 | N/A | Municipality of Atotonilco de Tula in the Mexican state of Hidalgo, north of Mexico City, where 13 Colombian men were murdered by a corrupt police force. |
Corpus Christi massacre | June 10, 1971 | Mexico City | 120 | N/A | Also known as "El Halconazo", the massacre when a student demonstration in support of students of Monterrey was violently suppressed by a paramilitary group for the government called Los Halcones. |
Tlatelolco massacre | October 2, 1968 | Mexico City | 44 | N/A
before the 1968 Summer Olympics Mexico City |
Government massacre of student and civilian protesters and bystanders that took place during the afternoon and night of October 2, 1968, in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas in the Tlatelolco section of Mexico City. The violence occurred ten days before the 1968 Summer Olympics celebrations in Mexico City. Officially 25 were killed, but according to human rights activists, CIA documents[233] and independent investigations, there were a total of 250 killed. There have been only evidence of 44 people killed. Estimates of the death toll range from 30 to 1000, with eyewitnesses reporting hundreds of dead. 1345 people were also arrested. |
Crabb Massacre | April 1-8, 1857 | Caborca, Sonora, Mexico | 84 | Crabb Expedition, Reform War | 84 killed out of a total of 85 american men. |
Dawson Massacre | September 17, 1842 | near San Antonio de Bexar, Texas | 36 | Mexican Invasions of Texas | 15 captured and 36 killed out of a total of 54 texan men. |
Goliad massacre | March 27, 1836 | Goliad County, Texas | 342 | Texas Revolution | 465 prisonors. 28 escaped, 20 spared as workers, 75 spared as unarmed captives. |