Gemütlichkeit: Difference between revisions
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==Similar words in other languages== |
==Similar words in other languages== |
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{{Expert-subject|Languages|section|date=November 2007}} |
{{Expert-subject|Languages|section|date=November 2007}} |
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Somewhat similar is the term ''[[gezellig]]'' in [[Dutch language|Dutch]]. Gezellig is used frequently by Dutch speakers and is one of the most important Dutch words because it describes the ideal cultural setting, one that is cozy and inclusive.<ref>Seth Stevenson, "The Quest for ''Gezellig''," in "Should I Move to Amsterdam," [[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] 23, Aug, 2005, available at http://www.slate.com/id/2124561/entry/2124563. See also "Gezellig — a word that encompasses the heart of Dutch Culture," at http://www.dutchamsterdam.nl/155-gezellig</ref> |
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The Swedish equivalent is "gemytligt", derived from the German word and with the same meaning. |
The Swedish equivalent is "gemytligt", derived from the German word and with the same meaning. |
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There is also a Danish equivalent (''[[Culture_of_Denmark#Hygge|hygge]]'' {{IPA-da|ˈhyɡə|}}), which basically means the same. In Norwegian the word translates into "hyggelig". |
There is also a Danish equivalent (''[[Culture_of_Denmark#Hygge|hygge]]'' {{IPA-da|ˈhyɡə|}}), which basically means the same. In Norwegian the word translates into "hyggelig". |
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In Russian and Bulgarian, the word commonly translated as cosiness, ''уют'' {{IPA-mk|oˈjut|}} in [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] and {{IPA-ru|ʊˈjʉt|}} in Russian, carries almost identical connotations as the German word.{{cn|date=February 2012}} |
In Russian and Bulgarian, the word commonly translated as cosiness, ''уют'' {{IPA-mk|oˈjut|}} in [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] and {{IPA-ru|ʊˈjʉt|}} in Russian, carries almost identical connotations as the German word.{{cn|date=February 2012}} |
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==References and footnotes== |
==References and footnotes== |
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Revision as of 21:36, 5 February 2012
Gemütlichkeit (German pronunciation: [ɡəˈmyːtlɪçkaɪt] ) is a German abstract noun that has been adopted into English.[1] It is a derivation of gemütlich, itself the adjective of Gemüt the German word for "heart, mind, temper, feeling" expressed by (and cognate with) English mood.
Gemütlichkeit describes an environment or state of mind conductive to a cheerful mood and peace of mind, with connotation of a notion of belonging and social acceptance, of being cozy and unhurried. The current meaning of the word derives from its use in the Biedermeier period. By the second half of the 19th century, it also became associated with a set of traits supposedly unique to Germans and German culture.
The song The Bare Necessities from Disney's The Jungle Book (1967), where a cheerful Baloo explains how "a bear can rest at ease with just the bare necessities of life" was rendered as Probier’s mal mit Gemütlichkeit ("consider trying Gemütlichkeit") in the German version.
In the 1973 English contract law case Jarvis v Swans Tours Ltd, a holidaymaker sued after not receiving the Gemütlichkeit promised by the promotional literature for a package holiday to the Swiss Alps.
The word can be used in descriptions of holidays.[2] The communal connotations of Gemütlichkeit are also emphasized in some uses of the term. For example, one academic described it as a tradition of "public festivity" (in the form of a "mixture of music, food, and drink"), which "promote[d] community solidarity."[3] The Harlem Renaissance was then cited as of how a sense of Gemütlichkeit arises from a "mix of music, art and politics in service of community consciousness".[3]
A more uncommon use of Gemütlichkeit can be found in reference to the economic policy makers and analysts in the United States involved in influencing the decisions of the board of the Federal Reserve System. With respect to the "inflation dampening effects of globalization", a Georgia Southern University professor writes that interpreting certain U.S. economic trends could "spell an end of the Gemütlichkeit - a situation in which cheap labor and money abroad as well as ever-increasing productivity at home had permitted an uninterrupted spell of controlled growth in overall prices".[4]
Similar words in other languages
 | This section needs attention from an expert in Languages. Please add a reason or a talk parameter to this template to explain the issue with the section. (November 2007) |
The Swedish equivalent is "gemytligt", derived from the German word and with the same meaning. There is also a Danish equivalent (hygge [ˈhyɡə]), which basically means the same. In Norwegian the word translates into "hyggelig". In Russian and Bulgarian, the word commonly translated as cosiness, уют [oˈjut] in Bulgarian and [ʊˈjʉt] in Russian, carries almost identical connotations as the German word.[citation needed]
References and footnotes
- ^ Soanes, C. and Stevenson, A. (ed.) (2007). Oxford dictionary of English. Oxford University Press.
{{cite book}}:|author=has generic name (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Benjamin Lytal (2004-12-01). "Recent Fiction". The New York Sun. Retrieved 2007-11-16.
Ms. Bielski's novel [The Year is '42] is quite good, a quick read that seems in sync with holiday Gemutlichkeit and holiday sadness.
{{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help);
^ Gemütlichkeit PONS Online-Dictionary - ^ a b John Fairfield (2006-10-05). "Paper presented at the annual meeting of the [[American Studies Association]]". Retrieved 2007-11-16.
{{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ Michael Reksulak (2007-06-09). "Rising costs of necessities signal an end of Gemütlichkeit". Savannah Morning News. Retrieved 2007-11-16.
{{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help)