Schout-bij-nacht: Difference between revisions
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{{Navalranks}} |
{{Navalranks}} |
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'''Schout-bij-nacht''' is a [[Dutch Navy|Dutch Naval]] rank, equivalent to [[ |
'''Schout-bij-nacht''' is a [[Dutch Navy|Dutch Naval]] rank, equivalent to [[rear admiral]] in the [[US Navy]] and [[Royal Navy]]. It is the second most junior [[admiral]] position of the Dutch Navy, ranking above ''commandeur'' ("[[Commodore (rank)|commodore]]") and below a ''vice-admiraal'' ("[[vice admiral]]"). |
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The rank of |
The rank of ''schout-bij-nacht'' originated between the 15th and 16th century. Translated as "watch-at-night", the ''schout-bij-nacht'' was the officer who supervised the ship when the [[Captain (nautical)|captain]] was asleep. |
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In later times the |
In later times the ''schout-bij-nacht'' was also the officer who supervised an entire naval squadron, in the absence of a senior [[admiral]], and by the 17th century ''schout-bij-nacht'' was the common rank held by the naval commander of a battle fleet's rear squadron. |
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In the 17th century the navies of [[Sweden]] and [[Denmark-Norway]] adopted the rank as |
In the 17th century the navies of [[Sweden]] and [[Denmark-Norway]] adopted the rank as ''schoutbynacht'' and the early [[Imperial Russian Navy]] as ''шаутбенахт'' (transliterated as "shautbenakht"). In 1724 the Russians, followed in 1771 by both the [[Swedish navy]] and the [[Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy|Dano-Norwegian navy]] changed the name of the rank to [[counter admiral]] (''контр-адмирал'' in Russian, ''konteramiral'' in Swedish, ''kontreadmiral'' in Danish and Norwegian). |
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<gallery> |
<gallery> |
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File:Nl-marine-vloot-schout schout bij nacht.svg|The rank insignia of a |
File:Nl-marine-vloot-schout schout bij nacht.svg|The rank insignia of a ''schout-bij-nacht'' |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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==Famous schout-bij- |
==Famous ''schout-bij-nacht''== |
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* {{Ill|nl|Paulus Roelof Cantz'laar}} |
* {{Ill|nl|Paulus Roelof Cantz'laar}} |
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* [[Karel Doorman]] |
* [[Karel Doorman]] |
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*[http://g3.spraakdata.gu.se/saob/show.phtml?filenr=1/233/59410.html "Schoutbynacht"] in ''[[Svenska Akademiens Ordbok]]'', col. S1417 (1965). (Historical usage in Swedish) |
*[http://g3.spraakdata.gu.se/saob/show.phtml?filenr=1/233/59410.html "Schoutbynacht"] in ''[[Svenska Akademiens Ordbok]]'', col. S1417 (1965). (Historical usage in Swedish) |
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*[http://runeberg.org/nfcd/0612.html "Schoutbynacht"], in ''[[Nordisk familjebok]]'', vol. 24 (1916) (Swedish navy) |
*[http://runeberg.org/nfcd/0612.html "Schoutbynacht"], in ''[[Nordisk familjebok]]'', vol. 24 (1916) (Swedish navy) |
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{{italictitle}} |
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[[Category:Dutch words and phrases]] |
[[Category:Dutch words and phrases]] |
Revision as of 19:28, 4 February 2013
Naval officer ranks |
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Flag officers |
Senior officers |
Junior officers |
Schout-bij-nacht is a Dutch Naval rank, equivalent to rear admiral in the US Navy and Royal Navy. It is the second most junior admiral position of the Dutch Navy, ranking above commandeur ("commodore") and below a vice-admiraal ("vice admiral").
The rank of schout-bij-nacht originated between the 15th and 16th century. Translated as "watch-at-night", the schout-bij-nacht was the officer who supervised the ship when the captain was asleep.
In later times the schout-bij-nacht was also the officer who supervised an entire naval squadron, in the absence of a senior admiral, and by the 17th century schout-bij-nacht was the common rank held by the naval commander of a battle fleet's rear squadron.
In the 17th century the navies of Sweden and Denmark-Norway adopted the rank as schoutbynacht and the early Imperial Russian Navy as шаутбенахт (transliterated as "shautbenakht"). In 1724 the Russians, followed in 1771 by both the Swedish navy and the Dano-Norwegian navy changed the name of the rank to counter admiral (контр-адмирал in Russian, konteramiral in Swedish, kontreadmiral in Danish and Norwegian).
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The rank insignia of a schout-bij-nacht
Famous schout-bij-nacht
References
- "Schoutbynacht" in Svenska Akademiens Ordbok, col. S1417 (1965). (Historical usage in Swedish)
- "Schoutbynacht", in Nordisk familjebok, vol. 24 (1916) (Swedish navy)