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{{Quantities of bytes}}
{{Quantities of bytes}}
The '''terabyte''' is a multiple of the unit [[byte]] for [[Computer data storage|digital information]]. The [[SI prefix|prefix]] ''[[tera-|tera]]'' represents the fourth power of 1000, and means 10<sup>12</sup> in the [[International System of Units]] (SI), and therefore is one terabyte is one [[10^12|trillion]] ([[short scale]]) bytes. The unit symbol for the terabyte is '''TB'''.
The '''terabyte''' is a multiple of the unit [[byte]] for [[Computer data storage|digital information]]. The [[SI prefix|prefix]] ''[[tera-|tera]]'' represents the fourth power of 1000, and means 10<sup>12</sup> in the [[International System of Units]] (SI), and therefore one terabyte is one [[10^12|trillion]] ([[short scale]]) bytes. The unit symbol for the terabyte is '''TB'''.


1 TB = {{gaps|1|000|000|000|000|bytes}} = {{gaps|10<sup>12</sup>|bytes}} = {{gaps|1|000|[[gigabyte]]s}}.
1 TB = {{gaps|1|000|000|000|000|bytes}} = {{gaps|10<sup>12</sup>|bytes}} = {{gaps|1|000|[[gigabyte]]s}}.

Revision as of 14:19, 10 October 2013

Multiple-byte units
Decimal
Value Metric
1000 kB kilobyte
10002 MB megabyte
10003 GB gigabyte
10004 TB terabyte
10005 PB petabyte
10006 EB exabyte
10007 ZB zettabyte
10008 YB yottabyte
10009 RB ronnabyte
100010 QB quettabyte
Binary
Value IEC Memory
1024 KiB kibibyte KB kilobyte
10242 MiB mebibyte MB megabyte
10243 GiB gibibyte GB gigabyte
10244 TiB tebibyte TB terabyte
10245 PiB pebibyte —
10246 EiB exbibyte —
10247 ZiB zebibyte —
10248 YiB yobibyte —
—
—
Orders of magnitude of data

The terabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The prefix tera represents the fourth power of 1000, and means 1012 in the International System of Units (SI), and therefore one terabyte is one trillion (short scale) bytes. The unit symbol for the terabyte is TB.

1 TB = 1000000000000bytes = 1012bytes = 1000gigabytes.

A related unit, the tebibyte (TiB), using a binary prefix, is the corresponding 4th power of 1024. One terabyte expressed using binary prefixes is about 0.910 tebibytes, or 931 gibibytes.

History

The first hard disk drives were created in the 1950s-1960s and were the size of a refrigerator [1][2] and had a capacity of a few megabytes. In 1982 the first IBM PC to have a hard disk, had a capacity of 5 megabytes [7]. The first single hard disks of terabyte size did not appear until the late 2000s. In 2012, a 1 terabyte disk drive is 2.5 inches wide and fits inside a laptop computer.

Costs

In 1991, consumer grade, 1 gigabyte (1/1000 TB) disk drives were available for $2699 and up,[12] and two years later prices for this capacity had dropped to $1499.[13] By 1995, 1 GB drives could be purchased for $849.[14]

  • 2007 1 terabyte hard disk $370 ($544 adjusted for inflation)
  • 2010 2 terabyte hard disk $200 ($279 adjusted for inflation)
  • 2012 4 terabyte hard disk $450 (Hitachi, largest available in consumer market), 1 terabyte hard disk $100
  • 2013 4 terabyte hard disk $179, 3 terabyte hard disk $129, 2 terabyte HD $100, 1 terabyte HD $80

Note: $ currency are in USD and not adjusted for inflation

Illustrative usage examples

Examples of the use of terabyte to describe data sizes in different fields are:

  • Library data – The U.S. Library of Congress Web Capture team claims that "As of April 2011, the Library has collected about 235 terabytes of data" and that it adds about 5 terabytes per month.[15]
  • Online databases – Ancestry.com claims approximately 600 TB of genealogical data with the inclusion of US Census data from 1790 to 1930.[16]
  • Computer hardware – Hitachi introduced the world's first one terabyte hard disk drive in 2007.[17]
  • Historical Internet traffic – In 1993, total Internet traffic amounted to approximately 100 TB for the year.[18] As of June 2008, Cisco Systems estimated Internet traffic at 160 TB/s (which, assuming to be statistically constant, comes to 5 zettabytes for the year).[19] In other words, the amount of Internet used per second in 2008 exceeded all of the Internet used in 1993.
  • Social networks – As of May 2009, Yahoo! Groups had "40 terabytes of data to index".[20]
  • Video – Released in 2009, the 3D animated film Monsters vs. Aliens used 100 TB of storage during development.[21]
  • Usenet messages – In October 2000, the Deja News Usenet archive had stored over 500 million Usenet messages which used 1.5 TB of storage.[22]
  • Encyclopedia – Wikipedia's January 2010 raw data uses a 5.87 terabyte dump.[23]
  • Climate science – In 2010, the German Climate Computing Centre (DKRZ) was generating 10,000 TB of data per year, from a supercomputer with a 20 TB memory and 7,000 TB disk space.[24]
  • Audio – One terabyte of audio recorded at CD quality will contain around 2,000 hours of audio. Additionally, one terabyte of compressed audio recorded at 128 kB/s will contain about 17,000 hours of audio.
  • The Hubble Space Telescope has amassed more than 45 terabytes of data in its first 20 years worth of observations.[25]
  • The IBM computer Watson, against which Jeopardy! contestants competed in February 2011, has 16 terabytes of RAM.[26]

See also

References

  1. ^ [1]
  2. ^ [2]
  3. ^ a b "Convert terabytes (TB) to tebibytes (TiB) | Category : bits and bytes | Unit Conversion Center". Conversioncenter.net. Retrieved 2013-04-14.
  4. ^ Hitachi introduces 1-Terabyte Hard Drive
  5. ^ Seagate Powers Next Generation Of Computing With Three New Hard Drives, Including World's First 1.5-Terabyte Desktop PC And Half-Terabyte Notebook PC Hard Drives
  6. ^ http://www.wdc.com/en/company/releases/PressRelease.asp?release={01D0EF49-E149-410A-A173-F872D0E6C335}
  7. ^ "WD to launch 2TB hard drive this week". Electronista. Retrieved 2013-04-14.
  8. ^ Murph, Darren (2009-01-26). "Western Digital's 2TB Caviar Green HDD on sale in Australia". Engadget.com. Retrieved 2013-04-14.
  9. ^ http://storageconference.org/2010/Papers/MSST/Pease.pdf
  10. ^ [3][4]
  11. ^ http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/01/09/swiss_penknife_ssd/
  12. ^ "The High and the Mighty," Macworld, July, 1991
  13. ^ "1- and 2-Gigabyte Hard Drives", MacUser, July, 1993
  14. ^ [5]
  15. ^ How large is the Library's archive?, Web Archiving FAQs, accessed 7 April 2011.
  16. ^ "Ancestry.com Adds U.S. Census Records". CBS News. 2006-06-22.
  17. ^ "Hitachi Introduces 1-Terabyte Hard Drive". PC World. 2007-01-07. Retrieved 2008-09-15.
  18. ^ Swanson, Bret (2007-10-03). "Discovery Institute's Technology Blog: An exabyte here, an exabyte there". disco-tech. Retrieved 2013-04-14.
  19. ^ White, Bobby (2008-06-16). "Cisco Projects Growth To Swell for Online Video". The Wall Street Journal.
  20. ^ "Yahoo! Groups Blog". 2009-05-09.
  21. ^ IRENE THAM (2009-04-08). "Taking a monster shit; Massive computer power was needed to create the 3-D movie Monsters Vs Aliens". The Straits Times. The 3-D movie used up close to 100 terabytes of disk space and more than 40 million hours of rendering.
  22. ^ "Usenet Sale: Sounds to Silence?". 2000-10-25. Retrieved 2009-10-13. It's loaded with 500 million postings .... [and has] ballooned to over 1.5 terabytes
  23. ^ "Data dumps - Meta". Meta.wikimedia.org. Retrieved 2013-04-14.
  24. ^ [6][dead link]
  25. ^ "NASA - NASA - The Hubble Story". Nasa.gov. 2010-04-29. Retrieved 2013-04-14.
  26. ^ "It's Technical, Dear Watson - The "Jeopardy!" playing computer's feeds and speeds". ibmsystemsmag.com. 2011-02-29. Retrieved 2013-07-04. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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