Super black: Difference between revisions
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In 2009, a competitor to the super black material was developed based on [[Optical properties of carbon nanotubes#Carbon nanotubes as a black body|carbon nanotubes]], that has a relatively flat reflectance in a wide spectral range.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/topics/technology/features/super-black-material.html |title=NASA - NASA Develops Super-Black Material That Absorbs Light Across Multiple Wavelength Bands |publisher=Nasa.gov |date=2011-11-08 |accessdate=2015-07-14}}</ref> |
In 2009, a competitor to the super black material was developed based on [[Optical properties of carbon nanotubes#Carbon nanotubes as a black body|carbon nanotubes]], that has a relatively flat reflectance in a wide spectral range.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/topics/technology/features/super-black-material.html |title=NASA - NASA Develops Super-Black Material That Absorbs Light Across Multiple Wavelength Bands |publisher=Nasa.gov |date=2011-11-08 |accessdate=2015-07-14}}</ref> |
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In 2011, NASA and the US Army began funding research in the use of nanotube based super black coatings in sensitive optics.<ref>[https://www.sbir.gov/sbirsearch/detail/417149] {{ |
In 2011, NASA and the US Army began funding research in the use of nanotube based super black coatings in sensitive optics.<ref>[https://www.sbir.gov/sbirsearch/detail/417149] {{wayback|url=https://www.sbir.gov/sbirsearch/detail/417149 |date=20140302004316 }}</ref> |
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Nanotube based superblack arrays have recently become commercially available. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nano-lab.com/alignedcarbonnanotubearrays.html |title=Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays and Forests on Substrates |publisher=Nano-lab.com |date= |accessdate=2015-07-14}}</ref> |
Nanotube based superblack arrays have recently become commercially available. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nano-lab.com/alignedcarbonnanotubearrays.html |title=Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays and Forests on Substrates |publisher=Nano-lab.com |date= |accessdate=2015-07-14}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 01:18, 12 January 2016
Super black is a surface treatment developed at the National Physical Laboratory in the United Kingdom. It reflects much less light than the darkest conventional matte black paints available previously.
Conventional black paint reflects about 2.5% of the incident light. Super black absorbs approximately 99.6% of light at normal incidence, and only 0.4% is reflected. At other angles of incidence, super black is even more effective. At an angle of 45°, super black reflects 1/25 as much as black paint.
The technique used for super black is based upon chemically etching a nickel–phosphorus alloy.[1][2]
Applications for super black are in specialist optical instruments to reduce unwanted reflections. The disadvantage of this material is its low optical thickness, as it is a surface treatment. As a result, infrared light of a wavelength longer than a few micrometres penetrates through the dark layer and has much higher reflectivity. The reported spectral dependence increases from about 1% at 3 µm to 50% at 20 µm.[3]
In 2009, a competitor to the super black material was developed based on carbon nanotubes, that has a relatively flat reflectance in a wide spectral range.[4]
In 2011, NASA and the US Army began funding research in the use of nanotube based super black coatings in sensitive optics.[5] Nanotube based superblack arrays have recently become commercially available. [6]
See also
- Emissivity
- Black body
- Vantablack – a newer, less reflective material
References
- ^ "Mini craters key to 'blackest ever black'". Newscientist.com. 6 February 2003. Retrieved 2015-07-14.
- ^ "Highly Absorbing Surfaces for Radiometry". January 2003. Archived from the original on 2005-06-27.
- ^ Brown, Richard J. C.; Brewer, Paul J.; Milton, Martin J. T. (2002). "The physical and chemical properties of electroless nickel???phosphorus alloys and low reflectance nickel???phosphorus black surfaces". Journal of Materials Chemistry. 12: 2749. doi:10.1039/b204483h.
- ^ "NASA - NASA Develops Super-Black Material That Absorbs Light Across Multiple Wavelength Bands". Nasa.gov. 2011-11-08. Retrieved 2015-07-14.
- ^ [1] Archived 2014-03-02 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays and Forests on Substrates". Nano-lab.com. Retrieved 2015-07-14.
External links
- Wired article about US Army use of super-black coating
- Trade article on NASA use of super black coating
- Super-black material reported to reduce light pollution
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