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== Islamic Movement in Nigeria ==
== Islamic Movement in Nigeria ==
{{main|Islamic Movement in Nigeria}}
{{main|Islamic Movement in Nigeria}}
His activity in the society saw the conception of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria which came as an independent body since early 1980s. The movement has established many schools known as [[Fudiyyah]] or Fodia schools named after Shiekh [[Usman dan Fodio]] a famous 18th-century scholar and fighter. The movement also publish newspapers and magazines in both English and Hausa languages.<ref>http://www.pointerexpress.com/</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.almizan.net/ |title=Almizan |publisher=Almizan |date= |accessdate=2011-03-20}}</ref> Dr Iqbal Siddiqui described El-Zakzaky as "the de facto leader of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria".<ref>[http://www.muslimedia.com/archives/world99/quds-nige.htm]{{dead link|date=March 2011}}</ref>
His activity in the society saw the conception of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria which came as an independent body since early 1980s. The movement has established many schools known as [[Fudiyyah]] or Fodia schools named after Shiekh [[Usman dan Fodio]] a famous 18th-century scholar and fighter. The movement also publish newspapers and magazines in both English and Hausa languages.<ref>http://www.pointerexpress.com/</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.almizan.net/ |title=Almizan |publisher=Almizan |date= |accessdate=2011-03-20}}</ref> Dr Iqbal Siddiqui described El-Zakzaky as "the de facto leader of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria".<ref>[http://www.muslimedia.com/archives/world99/quds-nige.htm] {{wayback|url=http://www.muslimedia.com/archives/world99/quds-nige.htm |date=20061119043342 }}</ref>


== Base of support ==
== Base of support ==

Revision as of 19:48, 23 January 2016

Ibrahim Zakzaky in 2013

Ibrahim Yaqoub El Zakzaky (alternately Ibraheem Zakzaky; Ibrahim Al-Zakzaky) (May 5, 1953) is a Shi'a Muslim cleric in Nigeria, and head of Nigeria's Islamic Movement (IMN).[1] In 1980s, Ibraheem Zakzaky introduced Shia Islam in Nigeria, which formerly had only Sunni Muslims.[2] He has been arrested several times by the Nigerian government in 1980s and 1990s.[3] Recently, after Nigerian army's December 12, 2015 massacre of Shia Muslims in Nigeria,[4] Zakzaky was injured and arrested by the army. Since then, his exact whereabouts and conditions remain unknown.[5]

Personal life

Ibrahim Zakzaky was born on 5 May 1953 (15 Sha’ban 1372 AH), in Zaria, Kaduna State. He lives in Kwarbai quarters in Zaria City. He is married to Zeenah and with whom he has six children.[6] (4 killed in clashes with Nigerian government).

Early career

Zakzaky attended traditional Quranic and Islamic schools in the town of Zaria under the tutelage of scholars such as Malam Isa Madaka and Malam Ibrahim Kakaki. He attended the Provincial Arabic School, Zaria (1969-1970), Law School (now the School for Arabic Studies), Kano (1971-1975) and the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria (1976-1979).[7] He became the secretary-general of the Muslim Students Society of Nigeria (MSSN) in the Main Campus of ABU (1977/78) and later Vice President (International Affairs) of the National Body of the MSSN in 1979.[3]

Islamic Movement in Nigeria

Main article: Islamic Movement in Nigeria

His activity in the society saw the conception of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria which came as an independent body since early 1980s. The movement has established many schools known as Fudiyyah or Fodia schools named after Shiekh Usman dan Fodio a famous 18th-century scholar and fighter. The movement also publish newspapers and magazines in both English and Hausa languages.[8][9] Dr Iqbal Siddiqui described El-Zakzaky as "the de facto leader of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria".[10]

Base of support

Zakzaky’s followers are drawn from Nigeria’s Sunni community. In recent years, more of them have been practicing Shia rituals and have claimed to be converted to Shiism, so there’s now an Ashura procession, for example, in Zaria and other northern Nigerian cities in which several thousand people participate. Zakzaky remains the undisputed leader of what has become an influential movement in Nigeria.[11] Zazaky has a large following, especially among the deprived urban muslim youth, and claims he could easily field a million people in any demonstration he might choose.[12]

Political alignment and activities

Zakzaky's supporters say he has never advocated violence [13] In September 2009, Zakzaky's supporters clashed with police in Zaria, leading to injuries and deaths on both sides.[14] The IMN accuses the government of intimidation and attempting to wipe it out.[14] Over the years, hundreds of Zakzaky’s supporters have been murdered, arrested, or harassed by the police.[15]

The Resource Forum of the Islamic Movement of Nigeria (IMN) held a symposium on "The Creation of the Illegal State of Israel" at Arewa House Kaduna on May 21, 2008. Zakzaky said, "when Israel is celebrating sixty years of occupying Palestine's land, we are mourning because the truth is Israeli State is created on the basis of terrorism and what is not yours is not yours, no matter years of oppression and hostage it would slip someday along with those supporting them. Israel will fall with her allies certainly."[16]

Zakzaky is fluent in English, Hausa, Persian, Spanish and Arabic languages. He has lectured in Nigeria, Iran, Lebanon, Sierra Leone, Niger, Algeria, Britain, France, Spain, the United States and Azerbaijan.

Political conflicts with Nigerian governments

Detentions

Zakzaky was jailed several times on charges of sedition by successive Nigerian regimes in the 1980s and 1990s.[3] According to an account by Ibrahim Usman the head of IMN media forum, on 11 December 1998, the Nigerian government decided to silently release Sheikh Ibrahim Zakzaky along with three of his supporters after having held them two years in Federal detention. The final short court session reportedly ended when the presiding judge announced discontinuation of the case before its conclusion. This was considered a defeat for the state as it had failed to provide evidence for the charge that Zakzaky and his supporters had “[formed] a common intention to excite or attempt to excite a feeling of disaffection against the government” among others. Zakzaky had reportedly outwitted and disgraced several prosecution’s witnesses in past court sessions. According to Usman, there was no condition attached to the release, as some of the state-owned media later reported.[17]

Nigerian army attacks against the movement

Zaria Quds day massacre

Main article: Zaria Quds Massacres

On Friday 25 July 2014, Nigerian Army reportedly gunned down 35 followers of Ibrahim Zakzaky including his 3 undergraduate biological sons[18] after pro-Palestinian procession in Zaria. The brutal murder drew world attention and world wide sympathizers which led the Nigerian Government to set up committee to investigate the action.[19] The UK based Islamic Human Rights Commission launched a thorough fact-finding mission on the killings and finally published a comprehensive report titled Zaria Massacres and the Role of the Military in October 2014, narrating the incidence, findings and recommendations. The work was co-authoured by Massoud Shadjareh and Abed Choudhury and printed in United Kingdom.[20]

2015 Zaria Shia massacre

Main article: 2015 Zaria Shia Massacre

On Saturday 12 December 2015, Nigerian forces proceeded to invade Zakzaky's house; after having attacked an IMN ritual gathering that was going to see a public lecture by Zakzaky, leading to death of hundreds of IMN members. The army alleged that the violence was in response to an alleged attempt by the IMN members to assassinate the army chief. But the IMN and human rights organizations have strongly denied the army's claim arguing that the attack was pre-planned.[21][22][23] Sheikh al-Zakzaky was injured and arrested.[24]

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ibrahim Zakzaky.

References

  1. ^ Nigeria's firebrand Muslim leaders BBC News, 1 October 2001.
  2. ^ http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/nigeria/religion-islam-shia.htm
  3. ^ a b c "Official Website Of The Islamic Movement In Nigeria". Islamicmovement.org. 1953-05-05. Retrieved 2011-03-20.
  4. ^ "Shias accuse Nigerian police of killing protesters,". www.cbc.ca. Retrieved 2015-12-21.
  5. ^ "Family Of Sheikh Zakzaky Unclear If He Is Dead Or Unwell, According To Family Sources". Sahara Reporters. 17 Dec 2015.
  6. ^ "Biography of Sheikh Zakzaky". Official Website of the Islamic Movement of Nigeria. 18 September 2013.
  7. ^ "Biography of Mu'allim Ibrahim Al-Zakzaky". Bregava.tripod.com. Retrieved 2011-03-20.
  8. ^ http://www.pointerexpress.com/
  9. ^ "Almizan". Almizan. Retrieved 2011-03-20.
  10. ^ [1] Template:Wayback
  11. ^ Roy, Olivier; Sfeir, Antoine (2007-01-01). The Columbia World Dictionary of Islamism. Columbia University Press. p. 251. ISBN 9780231146401.
  12. ^ Roy, Olivier; Sfeir, Antoine (2007-01-01). The Columbia World Dictionary of Islamism. Columbia University Press. p. 249. ISBN 9780231146401.
  13. ^ "How to Campaign". Bregava.tripod.com. 1996-09-12. Retrieved 2011-03-20.
  14. ^ a b "3 die as Moslem, police clash in Zaria - Vanguard (Nigeria)". Vanguardngr.com. 2009-09-19. Retrieved 2011-03-20.
  15. ^ Falola, Toyin; Genova, Ann (2009-07-01). Historical Dictionary of Nigeria. Scarecrow Press. p. 378. ISBN 9780810863163.
  16. ^ Israeli State Would Crumble, Says Zakzaky (Page 1 of 1)
  17. ^ Usman, Ibrahim (11 December 2015). "The State versus Zakzaky: The Impending Defeat". Islamic Movement in Nigeria.
  18. ^ Punch Newspaper. "Soldiers killed three Elzakzaky sons, 32 others". Retrieved 10 April 2015.
  19. ^ PM News. "Nigerian government investigating alleged killing of Elzakzaky kids,followers/". Retrieved 10 April 2015.
  20. ^ "IHRC. Zaria Quds Massacre: The role of the Military". IHRC United Kingdom. October 2014. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  21. ^ "Nigerian Shiites Say Soldiers Have Killed Hundreds ",VOA NEWS,14 December 2015
  22. ^ "Zaria Violent Clash: Army, Shiite sect trade blames",Vanguard Newspaper,12 December 2015
  23. ^ "Zaria Massacre: Army had "predetermined mandate" to attack Shi'ites - Group - Premium Times Nigeria". Premium Times Nigeria. http://google.com/+Premiumtimesngr. Retrieved 2015-12-21. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  24. ^ a b http://army.mil.ng/Press-Release.html
  25. ^ http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/12/armyshiite-clash-i-escaped-by-the-will-of-god-buratai/
  26. ^ http://www.tvcnews.tv/?q=article/nigerian-army-chief-escapes-assassination-attempt-zaria

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