George Washington (train): Difference between revisions
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==History== |
==History== |
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When the ''George Washington'' was inaugurated as C&O's top-notch train on April 30, 1932, it was one of only two all-air-conditioned, long-distance trains operating in America. (the other was the [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad|Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's]] ''[[Capitol Limited (B&O)|Capitol Limited]]'', which was instituted as an all-air-conditioned train only a week or so before the ''George Washington'').<ref name="findarticles.com">[http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3943/is_200409/ai_n9425673 GEORGE WASHINGTON'S Heavyweight Cars, THE] Chesapeake and Ohio Historical Magazine, BNET</ref><ref>[http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0geuqofDmpEaygAkKVXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTE3dmhzMDNlBGNvbG8DZQRsA1dTMQRwb3MDMzMEc2VjA3NyBHZ0aWQDRjU2MV83Mw--/SIG=120ssci9f/EXP=1147887519/**http%3a//home.att.net/%7epullmanproject/AC.htm THE PULLMAN PROJECT], Air Conditioning Topics, Copyright 2001–2007 Thomas C. Madden |
When the ''George Washington'' was inaugurated as C&O's top-notch train on April 30, 1932, it was one of only two all-air-conditioned, long-distance trains operating in America. (the other was the [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad|Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's]] ''[[Capitol Limited (B&O)|Capitol Limited]]'', which was instituted as an all-air-conditioned train only a week or so before the ''George Washington'').<ref name="findarticles.com">[http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3943/is_200409/ai_n9425673 GEORGE WASHINGTON'S Heavyweight Cars, THE] Chesapeake and Ohio Historical Magazine, BNET</ref><ref>[http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0geuqofDmpEaygAkKVXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTE3dmhzMDNlBGNvbG8DZQRsA1dTMQRwb3MDMzMEc2VjA3NyBHZ0aWQDRjU2MV83Mw--/SIG=120ssci9f/EXP=1147887519/**http%3a//home.att.net/%7epullmanproject/AC.htm THE PULLMAN PROJECT], Air Conditioning Topics, Copyright 2001–2007 Thomas C. Madden {{wayback|url=http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0geuqofDmpEaygAkKVXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTE3dmhzMDNlBGNvbG8DZQRsA1dTMQRwb3MDMzMEc2VjA3NyBHZ0aWQDRjU2MV83Mw--/SIG=120ssci9f/EXP=1147887519/**http%3a//home.att.net/%7epullmanproject/AC.htm |date=20080522161447 }}</ref> New equipment was not built for this train; instead, older cars that were completely refurbished by Pullman and by C&O shops. It was still a few years before the streamliner craze, so C&O persisted with the standards of the time using its solid, heavy cars.<ref>[http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3943/is_200409/ai_n9425673/pg_2 GEORGE WASHINGTON'S Heavyweight Cars, THE] - page 2, Chesapeake and Ohio Historical Magazine</ref><ref name="GWL"/> |
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The Pullman Company normally lettered its sleepers in a standardized fashion so that they could be interchanged and routed in any train in the United States with some uniformity, but there were some "name trains" to which specific cars were assigned on a regular basis, and C&O's ''George Washington'' was one of these. They differed from the standard [[Pullman (car or coach)|Pullman]] sleepers in that they had the name of the train at the center of the letterboard where "PULLMAN" was usually placed, while the word "PULLMAN" was relocated to the end of the letterboard in small letters.<ref name="findarticles.com"/> |
The Pullman Company normally lettered its sleepers in a standardized fashion so that they could be interchanged and routed in any train in the United States with some uniformity, but there were some "name trains" to which specific cars were assigned on a regular basis, and C&O's ''George Washington'' was one of these. They differed from the standard [[Pullman (car or coach)|Pullman]] sleepers in that they had the name of the train at the center of the letterboard where "PULLMAN" was usually placed, while the word "PULLMAN" was relocated to the end of the letterboard in small letters.<ref name="findarticles.com"/> |
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Revision as of 08:03, 18 February 2016
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2011) |
The George Washington was a named passenger train of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway running on a route between Cincinnati, Ohio and Washington, D.C.[1]
History
When the George Washington was inaugurated as C&O's top-notch train on April 30, 1932, it was one of only two all-air-conditioned, long-distance trains operating in America. (the other was the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's Capitol Limited, which was instituted as an all-air-conditioned train only a week or so before the George Washington).[2][3] New equipment was not built for this train; instead, older cars that were completely refurbished by Pullman and by C&O shops. It was still a few years before the streamliner craze, so C&O persisted with the standards of the time using its solid, heavy cars.[4][1]
The Pullman Company normally lettered its sleepers in a standardized fashion so that they could be interchanged and routed in any train in the United States with some uniformity, but there were some "name trains" to which specific cars were assigned on a regular basis, and C&O's George Washington was one of these. They differed from the standard Pullman sleepers in that they had the name of the train at the center of the letterboard where "PULLMAN" was usually placed, while the word "PULLMAN" was relocated to the end of the letterboard in small letters.[2]
In keeping with the theme, all the sleeping, dining, and lounge cars on the train were named for people, places, or events connected with Washington's life. In the sleepers the rooms were likewise given names of people associated with him.[5] Booklets about Washington's life, followed by descriptions of the new train, were issued in great quantity, the train appeared in advertising in major magazines and on C&O timetables, and the whole introduction was given huge attention and publicity. A country starved for good news latched onto the railway's confidence in the future and willingness to spend money to introduce a fine new train.
The April 1952 issue of Tracks Magazine reported:
- "The George is a sizeable train as it pulls into Covington,(Ky): engine, three baggage cars, a diner, three coaches, four Pullman cars. The crew to handle it reflects its size: engineer, fireman, conductor, assistant conductor, flagman, Pullman conductor, four Pullman porters, two train porters, dining car steward, ten waiters, two baggagemen." [6] The George Washington was also known for its diner and its beautiful china. The diners on the George traveled all the way from Washington to Cincinnati. A separate section of the George Washington divided from the main train at Charlottesville, Virginia and operated through Richmond to and from Newport News.
After World War II, C&O chairman Robert Ralph Young attempted to upgrade the George Washington route service with newer equipment and steam turbine motive power. However, despite the C&O's substantial investment and planning, the project (which was to be called the '"Chessie") was aborted before service was to begin. In that era, automobiles and airline travel were quickly developing in the United States as the travel mode of preference over long distance passenger rail services.
C&O's passenger services ended in 1971 with the formation of Amtrak. Today, Amtrak's Cardinal follows the historic and scenic route of the C&O through the New River Gorge in one of the more rugged sections of the Mountain State.
Chessie, The Sleeping Kitten
Part of the reason for the success of the George Washington, aside from the stunning scenery the train passed through, was the highly successful advertising campaign of Chessie the sleeping kitten. The kitten debuted in 1933 to promote the C&O's passenger trains with the catch phrase "Sleep Like A Kitten."[citation needed] While the kitten's rendition is credited to Guido Grenewald the success of the tiny feline as an advertising campaign for the railroad is honored to Lionel Probert, an assistant to the C&O president at the time.[citation needed]
The 1950 coaches
These cars were in two sections divided in the center. Fifty-nine coaches in the 1610-1668 series were delivered to the C&O by Pullman for service on most C&O trains, including the George Washington. Eight of these cars were sold to the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad. Good photographs of this car may be found on page 8 of "Chesapeake and Ohio color guide to freight and passenger equipment". C&O removed the corrugations in 1967.[7]
The 1950 sleepers
On the George Washington the C&O used the new Pullman 10-roomette/6-bedroom 85’ sleepers built in the "City of" series, and 56 were built. Some C&O cars were used on the Pere Marquette; these cars were unusual in that the bedrooms were in the middle rather than on one end. See photos on page 107 of "Some Classic Trains", page 189 of "More Classic Trains", or page 9 of "Chesapeake and Ohio color guide to freight" and passenger equipment.[7]
References
- ^ a b "The George Washington". The Chessie System. American-Rails. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help) - ^ a b GEORGE WASHINGTON'S Heavyweight Cars, THE Chesapeake and Ohio Historical Magazine, BNET
- ^ THE PULLMAN PROJECT, Air Conditioning Topics, Copyright 2001–2007 Thomas C. Madden Archived 2008-05-22 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ GEORGE WASHINGTON'S Heavyweight Cars, THE - page 2, Chesapeake and Ohio Historical Magazine
- ^ "The George Washington". Chesapeake and Ohio Railway. 1932. Retrieved April 16, 2014.
- ^ "Captain of the George". Tracks Magazine. April 1952. Retrieved 1 April 2012.
- ^ a b Prototypes for N scale passenger cars part 4: Streamlined lightweight corrugated cars, Model Power to Rowa; JnJ, Fred Klein, November 2003
Further reading
- "The 75th Anniversary of 'The George'". Chesapeake & Ohio Historical Magazine. 39 (5). May 2007.
External links
Media related to George Washington (train) at Wikimedia Commons
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