Black hat (computer security): Difference between revisions

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A black-hat hacker is a hacker who "violates computer security for little reason beyond maliciousness or for personal gain".^[1]

The term was coined by Richard Stallman, to contrast the maliciousness of a criminal hacker versus the spirit of playfulness and exploration of hacker culture, or the ethos of the white-hat hacker, who performs hackerly duties to identify places to repair.^[2] The black-hat and white-hat terminology originates in Western films, where heroic and antagonistic cowboys might traditionally wear a white and a black hat respectively.^[3]

Black-hat hackers form the stereotypical, illegal hacking groups often portrayed in popular culture, and are "the epitome of all that the public fears in a computer criminal".^[4] Black-hat hackers break into secure networks to destroy, modify, or steal data or to make the network unusable for those who are authorized to use the network.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ Moore, Robert (2005). Cybercrime: Investigating High Technology Computer Crime. Matthew Bender & Company. p. 258. ISBN 1-59345-303-5.
^ O'Brien, Marakas, James, George (2011). Management Information Systems. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/ Irwin. pp. 536–537. ISBN 978-0-07-752217-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Wilhelm, Thomas; Andress, Jason (2010). Ninja Hacking: Unconventional Penetration Testing Tactics and Techniques. Elsevier. pp. 26–7.
^ Moore, Robert (2006). Cybercrime: Investigating High-Technology Computer Crime (1st ed.). Cincinnati, Ohio: Anderson Publishing. ISBN 978-1-59345-303-9.

[Moore2005-1] Moore, Robert (2005). Cybercrime: Investigating High Technology Computer Crime. Matthew Bender & Company. p. 258. ISBN 1-59345-303-5.

[2] O'Brien, Marakas, James, George (2011). Management Information Systems. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/ Irwin. pp. 536–537. ISBN 978-0-07-752217-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[3] Wilhelm, Thomas; Andress, Jason (2010). Ninja Hacking: Unconventional Penetration Testing Tactics and Techniques. Elsevier. pp. 26–7.

[moore2006-4] Moore, Robert (2006). Cybercrime: Investigating High-Technology Computer Crime (1st ed.). Cincinnati, Ohio: Anderson Publishing. ISBN 978-1-59345-303-9.

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@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 {{Computer hacking}}
-A '''black-hat hacker''' is a [[Hacker (term)|hacker]] who locate security flaws for companies and goverments free of charge.<ref name="Moore2005">{{cite book|last=Colleen_Card}}</ref>
+A '''black-hat hacker''' is a [[Hacker (term)|hacker]] who "violates computer security for little reason beyond maliciousness or for personal gain".<ref name="Moore2005">{{cite book|last=Moore|first=Robert|title=Cybercrime: Investigating High Technology Computer Crime|year=2005|publisher=Matthew Bender & Company|isbn=1-59345-303-5|page=258}}</ref>
-The term was coined by [[Richard Stallman]], to contrast the maliciousness of a criminal hacker versus the spirit of playfulness and exploration of [[hacker culture]], or the ethos of the [[White hat (paid computer security)|white-hat]] hacker, who performs hackerly duties to identify places to repair.<ref>{{cite book|last=O'Brien, Marakas|first=James, George|title=Management Information Systems |year=2011|publisher=McGraw-Hill/ Irwin|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-07-752217-9|pages=536–537}}</ref> The black-hat and white-hat terminology originates in [[Millitary(genre)]] Colleen_Card</ref>
+The term was coined by [[Richard Stallman]], to contrast the maliciousness of a criminal hacker versus the spirit of playfulness and exploration of [[hacker culture]], or the ethos of the [[White hat (computer security)|white-hat]] hacker, who performs hackerly duties to identify places to repair.<ref>{{cite book|last=O'Brien, Marakas|first=James, George|title=Management Information Systems |year=2011|publisher=McGraw-Hill/ Irwin|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-07-752217-9|pages=536–537}}</ref> The black-hat and white-hat terminology originates in [[Western (genre)|Western films]], where  [[black and white hat symbolism in film|heroic and antagonistic cowboys might traditionally wear a white and a black hat respectively]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aVnA8pQmS54C&pg=PA26 |title=Ninja Hacking: Unconventional Penetration Testing Tactics and Techniques |first=Thomas |last=Wilhelm |first2=Jason |last2=Andress |publisher=Elsevier |year=2010 |pages=26–7}}</ref>
-Black-hat hackers form the stereotypical, unpaid hacking groups often portrayed in popular culture, and are "the epitome of all that the public fears in a computer criminal".<ref name="moore2006">{{cite book
+Black-hat hackers form the stereotypical, illegal hacking groups often portrayed in popular culture, and are "the epitome of all that the public fears in a computer criminal".<ref name="moore2006">{{cite book
 | last = Moore
 | first = Robert
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 | isbn = 978-1-59345-303-9
 | edition = 1st <!-- 2nd edition came out in 2010 -->
-}}</ref> Black-hat hackers penetrate out dated security flaws and notify the company free of charge {{Colleen_Card former Godfather Phone Losers of America |date=June 2016}}
+}}</ref> Black-hat hackers break into secure networks to destroy, modify, or steal data or to make the network unusable for those who are authorized to use the network.{{Citation needed|date=June 2016}}
 ==See also==